60-odd years of moscow mathematical
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Moscow olympiad problems
Grade 8
47.8.1. Solve the equation x 3 √ 4 − x 2 + x 2 − 4 = 0. 47.8.2. Every two of six computers are to be connected by one colored cable. Choose one color out of five for each cable so that cables of five different colors would come out of each computer. 47.8.3. Prove that the sum of distances from the center of a regular heptagon to all its vertices is less than that from any other point. 47.8.4. The sum of five non-negative numbers is equal to 1. Prove that it is possible to arrange them in a circle so that the sum of all five products of pairs of neighboring numbers is not greater than 1 5 . 47.8.5. Cut a square into 8 acute triangles. (Cf. Problem 47.10.5 below.) 47.8.6. Is the number of all 64-digit positive integers without zeros in their decimal expression and are divisible by 101 even or is it odd? Grade 9 47.9.1. In a triangular pyramid 3 lateral edges are equal to one another, and the areas of three lateral faces are equal to one another. Prove that the base of the pyramid is an isosceles triangle. 47.9.2. Is it possible to connect 13 computers in pairs with cables of twelve different colors so that 12 cables of different colors come out of each computer? (Cf. Problem 47.8.2.) 47.9.3. What is the least possible width of an infinite strip from which any triangle of area 1 can be cut out? 47.9.4. On a circle, there are arranged n non-negative numbers whose sum is equal to 1. Prove that the sum S n of n products of two neighboring numbers is not greater than 1 4 . (Cf. Problem 47.8.4). 47.9.5*. Given 4 points inside a 3 × 4 rectangle. Prove that there are two among the given points that are not farther than 25 8 apart. OLYMPIAD 48 (1985) 125 47.9.6. Do there exist three non-zero digits with which the squares of an infinite number of different integers can be expressed? Grade 10 47.10.1. Prove (without using calculators, tables and such) that sin 1 < log 3 √ 7. 47.10.2. At the Olympiad 6 problems were offered. The Olympiad jury decided to assign to every participant a positive integer according to his/her results in the Olympiad so that it would be possible to reconstruct unambiguously the score every participant got for every problem and so that for every two participants the greater number would be assigned to the one with the greater sum of scores. How could the jury enumerate the participants? 47.10.3. Solve in integers 19x 3 − 84y 2 = 1984. 47.10.4. Let n 1 < n 2 < n 3 < n 4 < . . . be an infinite sequence of positive integers. In a kingdom there was minted an infinite number of coins of denominations n 1 , n 2 , n 3 , n 4 , . . . kopeks. Prove that it is possible to break the sequence at some point N so that any amount of money which can be paid without need for change with all coins minted can in fact be paid with the coins of denominations of n 1 , n 2 , n 3 , . . . , n N kopeks only. 47.10.5. A square is cut into acute triangles. Prove that there are ≥ 8 such triangles. (Cf. Problem 47.8.5). 47.10.6*. A triangle section of a cube is tangent to the sphere inscribed in the cube. Prove that the area of the section is less than half the area of the cube’s face. Olympiad 48 (1985) Download 1.08 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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