Accounting for Managers
Download 3.03 Mb. Pdf ko'rish
|
Accounting for Managers
- Bu sahifa navigatsiya:
- Management Cost Accounting 119
- Absorption costing
- The $699.99 Hammer
Cost apportionment The division
of a cost among cost centers or cost objectives, sometimes proportionally to benefit and sometimes arbitrarily, when it cannot be linked with a center or objective.This involves only indirect costs as overhead apportionment. Webster06.qxd 8/29/2003 5:48 PM Page 118 Management Cost Accounting 119 part of the company under some sort of transfer pricing plan, they’re likely to want that figure low. Perhaps the major overhead decision a manager must make is whether to use absorption or variable costing, which differ only in the treatment of fixed overhead. Absorption costing, which is widely used in financial reporting, assigns overhead costs to the inventory product during the manufacturing process. Under variable costing, the fixed overhead cost is treated as a period cost and is recorded on the income statement as an expense. Note that the only dif- ference is that the fixed costs for overhead go to the product under “absorp- tion” and to the period under “variable.” What dif- ference could that make? (See Figure 6-1.) Let’s look at an exam- ple. General Widget’s top- of-the-line widget, The Ultimate, has a total vari- Absorption costing Method of costing that assigns fixed overhead costs to the product as expenses only when a sale occurs. Also known as full or conventional costing. Variable costing Method of costing that excludes fixed overhead costs from inventory costs and assigns them to the period in which they are incurred. The $699.99 Hammer You manufacture and sell two products. Product A sells in a price-competitive market. Product B is manufactured under a cost-plus contract (full cost reimbursement plus an agreed percentage of profit). You have a large overhead cost pool.To which product would you assign the greater share of costs to increase profits for your firm? Obviously, allocating more costs to Product B will result in more rev- enue from the cost-plus contract, thereby increasing profits. After enough $699.99 hammers, the federal government established the Cost Accounting Standards Board to set some cost allocation standards for government contractors.The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Circular A-21 sets out allowable and unallowable costs for educational institutions, hospitals, and other nonprofits when man- aging grant money. Despite tightening up in this area, there are still opportunities for abuse. Webster06.qxd 8/29/2003 5:48 PM Page 119 |
Ma'lumotlar bazasi mualliflik huquqi bilan himoyalangan ©fayllar.org 2024
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling