challenging step is to reorient thinking toward market-driven
pricing and prioritized customer needs. The more typical
emphasis falls on technical requirements as a basis for product
development. Most organizations find this sort of thinking to
represent a disturbance in the Force. This turns around the
more normal condition, where cost results from the design
rather than influencing the design. Pricing is then derived from
building up an estimate of the cost of manufacturing a product.
Establish a market-driven target price. It’s necessary to set a
target price that is sensitive to market factors such as the com-
pany’s standing in the market place (market share), business
and market penetration strategy, competition and competitive
price response, targeted market niche or price point, and elas-
ticity of demand. If the company is responding to a request for
proposal, the target price is based on analysis of the price to
win, considering affordability to the customer and competitive
analysis.
Determine the target cost. Once the target price is set, the tar-
get cost calculation subtracts the standard profit margin, warran-
ty reserves, and any uncontrollable corporate allocations to
arrive at a target cost. Any nonrecurring development costs are
also subtracted. The target cost figures are allocated among any
necessary subsystem assemblies so that each has a target cost.
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