Action as a part of a dramatic work


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Artistic time is divided into
• plot time, i.e. the time of events that make up the plot;
• time of characters (perception of time by characters, time when characters are engaged in any activity; biographical time of characters);
• the concept of author's time, in the novel by E. Goodge - time is simultaneously cyclical: the year that we see in parts, the memories of Henrietta, who arrived in the spring as well as Jocelyn. The year of Jocelyn also begins in spring and continues until the end of September, with the last time milestone being Christmas, the date of Jocelyn and felicity's wedding;
the reader's time, when a person reads and perceives what they read.

  1. Time in the literary text.

In a literary text, time is considered both finite and infinite. A certain event or series of events is highlighted in the time stream, and their beginning and end are usually marked. At the end of the work, the author shows the reader that a significant period of time for the narrative is over, but the flow of time continues beyond the borders of the work. The temporal organization of a literary work and its composition are distinguished by the following features:
1) past and present, present and future, past and future, all three times are compared or contrasted;
2) artistic time is considered as a counterpoint to transience-duration, temporality - eternity, duration-one - time, repeatability - singleness of a single moment, cyclicity-irreversibility of time.
Artistic time, on the one hand, resembles real time, representing a stream of events in the life of the characters, on the other, it is subject to the will of the author: its course changes, time boundaries can be opened, time ceases to be unidirectional (for example, the hero in memories can be transferred to the past or make plans for the future).
Real time (the time of the real world) is one-numbered, irreversible, unidirectional, extended.
Artistic time, in contrast to real time, is multidimensional and reversible (the real sequence of events is disrupted by the author's intention). Irreversibility is inherent only in folklore time.It was Henrietta who had discovered him in the first place, and all because of the stuffed owl in the parlour at The Green Dragon.
[[The following is a story about meeting Henrietta and unrecognized poet Ferrate, then the acquaintance Ferrante with Grandpa
13. Genre is a General concept that reflects the totality of formal and substantive features of a work.
R. Wellek and O. Warren wrote in their famous book "theory of literature": "...a genre can be considered a group of literary works that theoretically reveal a common "external" (size, structure) and "internal" (mood, attitude, intent, in other words, theme and audience) form».
Genre is a category that has historically changed its content. In his book "Rhetoric and the origins of the European literary tradition" Averintsev wrote:
« ...each literary genre is a historical phenomenon, that genres gradually acquire and accumulate their own characteristics - the necessary and sufficient conditions for their identity, then "live", sharing the fate of all living things, that is, enduring changes; sometimes they "die", leave the living literary process, sometimes come back to life, usually in a transformed form».
The term came into use in the XVII-XVIII centuries. The genre, which obeyed a certain Canon, was a means of understanding the world and man in ancient, medieval literature and in the literature of the Renaissance. The system of literary genres dates back to antiquity.
A new, logically sound system of genres was created by representatives of classicism. Classicists determine the genre by its belonging to the literary genre, based on the prevailing aesthetic quality of the genre (satire, tragedy), the volume of the work and the way the image is constructed (symbolism, allegory, documentary): epic genre (heroic poem, novel, short story), lyrical (ode, Elegy, poem, song), dramatic (tragedy, Comedy); a more fractional division comes from the pre-existing theme (domestic novel, psychological).
14.Intertextuality and its elements

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