Adeola Abdulateef Elega

Anahtar sözcükler: Kişilerarası iletişim, sözsüz iletişim, sözlü iletişim, yeni medya 

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vii 
DEDICATION 
.
This study is dedicated to my Family

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viii 
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 
Fear they say is the greatest enemy of man, I specially thank my supervisor Assoc. 
Prof Dr. Bahire Efe Özad who helped me to face my fear (research) and overcome it. 
Research used to be like something impossible for me. I really appreciate your 
corrections, your encouragement and above all the motherly love you showed all 
through the supervision of this thesis. I sincerely appreciate every single knowledge I 
gained through you ma. I was inspired through your supervision that at some points 
in life its not all about working too hard but it is about working smart and reducing 
unnecessary hard work.
I specially appreciate my teachers;
Prof. Dr. Süleyman Irvan, Assist. Prof. Dr. 
Baruck Opiyo, Assist. Prof. Dr. Ülfet Kutoğlu Kuruc, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Agah Gümüş, 
Assoc. Prof. Dr Hanife Aliefendioğlu, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nurten Kara for their 
encouragement and knowledge they imparted in me. 
I thank my parents Alhaji & Hajia Elega for giving me this previledge which I will 
forever continue to appreciate. To my four elder sisters; Mrs Idris, Mrs Zubairu, Mrs 
Bonire and Mrs Owonare, I thank you for believing in me and encouraging me. I 
cannot do all this without mentioning Fatola Iyanu for her encouragment, Olabola 
Omisore, Florence, Sweetie, Adamu, Crystal, Tımothy, Seun Ajayi and Mr. Onifade 
Oluwafemi for teaching me a lot of things money can’t buy. 

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TABLE OF CONTENTS 
 
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................ iii 
ÖZ ................................................................................................................................ v 
DEDICATION ........................................................................................................... vii 
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ........................................................................................ viii 
LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................... xii 
LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................. xvi 
1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 1 
1.1 Background of the Study .................................................................................... 3 
1.2 Motivation for the Study .................................................................................... 5 
1.3 Aims of the Study ............................................................................................... 7 
1.4 Research Questions ............................................................................................ 8 
1.5 Significance of the Study ................................................................................... 9 
1.6 Assumptions of the Study ................................................................................ 10 
1.7 Limitations of the Study ................................................................................... 11 
2 LITERATURE REVIEW ....................................................................................... 13 
2.1 Models of Interpersonal Communication ......................................................... 13 
2.1.1 Linear Model
 ...................................................................................................... 13 
2.1.2 Interactive Model
............................................................................................... 16 
2.1.3 Transactional Models
 ........................................................................................ 16 
2.1.4 Osgood and Schramm`s Circular Model of Communication (1955)
.......... 18 
2.2 Culture and Society .......................................................................................... 19 
2.3 Interpersonal Communication .......................................................................... 20 
2.3.1 Content Level Meaning
 .................................................................................... 22 

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2.3.2 Relationship Level Meaning
 ............................................................................ 22 
2.3.3 Major Barriers to Interpersonal Communication
 .......................................... 23 
2.4 Verbal Communication .................................................................................... 24 
2.5 Non-verbal Communication ............................................................................. 26 
2.5.1 Types of Non-verbal Communication
 ............................................................ 27 
2.5.2 Culture and Non-verbal Cues
........................................................................... 35 
2.5.3 Verbalization of Non-verbal Communication
 ............................................... 37 
2.6 Effective Communication Skills and Second Language Acquisition .............. 39 
2.6.1 Communication Barriers
 .................................................................................. 43 
2.6.2 Language Barriers
 ............................................................................................. 46 
2.7 The Intervention of the New Media ................................................................. 49 
2.7.1 The Role of Google Translates and Other Translation Mobile Applications
 ....................................................................................................................................... 50 
2.7.2 Uses and Gratification Theory
 ......................................................................... 52 
3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ............................................................................ 55 
3.1 Research Methodology ..................................................................................... 55 
3.2 Research Design ............................................................................................... 56 
3.3 Research Context .............................................................................................. 57 
3.4 Population and Sample ..................................................................................... 59 
3.5 Data Collection Instrument .............................................................................. 59 
3.6 Research Procedures ........................................................................................ 61 
3.7 Reliability and Validity of Research ................................................................ 62 
4 ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS ............................................................................... 64 
4.1 Demographic Analysis of Participants ............................................................. 64 
4.2 Descriptive Analysis of Items on Nonverbal Communication ......................... 69 

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4.3 Analysis of Attitude Scale Statement ............................................................... 79 
4.4 Chi Square Tests Results with respect to sex ................................................... 98 
4.5 ANOVA TEST Results for Religion .............................................................. 102 
5 CONCLUSION ..................................................................................................... 107 
5.1 Summary of the Study .................................................................................... 107 
5.2 Conclusions Drawn from the Study ............................................................... 108 
5.3 Recommendations for Further Research ........................................................ 115 
REFERENCES ........................................................................................................ 117 
APPENDICES ......................................................................................................... 128 
Appendix 1: Questionnaire ................................................................................... 129 
Appendix 2: Consent Letter ................................................................................. 133 

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