African-American literature
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African American literature
2.2 Slave narratives
Main article: slave narrative A genre of African-American literature that developed in the middle of the 19th century is the slave narrative, accounts written by fugitive slaves about their lives in the South and, often, after escaping to freedom. They wanted to describe the cruelties of life under slavery, as well as the persistent humanity of the slaves as persons. At the time, the controversy over slavery led to impassioned lit- erature on both sides of the issue, with novels such as Uncle Tom’s Cabin (1852) by Harriet Beecher Stowe’s representing the abolitionist view of the evils of slavery. Southern white writers produced the extquotedbl Anti- Tom extquotedbl novels in response, purporting to truly describe life under slavery, as well as the more severe cruelties su ered by free labor in the North. Exam- ples include Aunt Phillis’s Cabin (1852) by Mary Hen- derson Eastman and The Sword and the Distaff (1853) by William Gilmore Simms . The slave narratives were integral to African-American literature. Some 6,000 former slaves from North Amer- ica and the Caribbean wrote accounts of their lives, with about 150 of these published as separate books or pam- phlets. Slave narratives can be broadly categorized into three distinct forms: tales of religious redemption, tales to inspire the abolitionist struggle, and tales of progress. The tales written to inspire the abolitionist struggle are the most famous because they tend to have a strong auto- biographical motif. Many of them are now recognized as the most literary of all 19th-century writings by African Americans, with two of the best-known being Frederick Douglass 's autobiography and Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl by Harriet Jacobs (1861). Jacobs (1813–1897) was born a slave in Edenton, North Carolina and was the rst woman to author a slave nar- rative in the United States. Although her narrative In- cidents in the Life of a Slave Girl was written under the pseudonym “Linda Brent”, the autobiography can be traced through a series of letters from Jacobs to various friends and advisors, most importantly to Lydia Maria Child , the eventual editor of incidents. The narrative de- tails Jacobs’ struggle for freedom, not only for herself but for her two children. Jacobs’ narrative occupies an impor- tant place in the history of African-American literature as it discloses through her rsthand example the special in- justices that black women su ered under slavery. Download 1.33 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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