Ajiniyoz nomidagi nukus davlat pedagogika instituti
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- PAPE-MASHE USULIDA OYINCHOQLAR YASASH.
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- Gazlamala4dan 18418b 69p8sh5848sh appl8kas86a. Gazlamadan va 19g9zdan 18l8ngan appl8kas86a 8shla48n8 b84 b848dan fa418.
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Buyumni tayerlash. Kerakli razmerdagi shorsimon buyum toning koptokcha. Ish vaktida dumalamagan uchun maxkamlab kuying. Tayerlab kuygan qog`ozingzni uchburchaklarga kirtib chiking. Popiros qog`ozni bir idishga, gazeta qog`ozni boshkasiga soling. Birinchi kavati fakat suvdan foydalanadi, aks xolda tayer buyum koptokga epishmaydi , kolgan kavatlarda qog`oz egilib kleyga bokiladi. Kavatlar kanchalik kup bulsa shuncha yaxshi. Idishni kuriting. Qugirchok tasvirini yasash Matiriallar, gazeta, popiros qog`ozi, odiy uchun kley, kaychi delloshtirish uchun, plostin uchun, kattamvs korton qogozi, ə tarelka, g` ta idish , rangli qog`oz, mato buyaklari , kley, byeklar, lak. Ishning borshin Plostinka yumshatib, yuzini yasashni boshlang. Yuz belgilari kompyulashtiring yasaladi, chunki kavat kavat qog`oz ostidan bu belgilar kichiklashadi. Madel` tayer bulgandan keyn qog`ozdan o`,өsm uzunligidagi diometr bosh shunday turbuchkalang ubuynishi xosil buladi. Qogozni indichka, uzun plostinka yirtib birinchi kavatli suv bilan komlang. Boychani kolda ushlamang uka lashni plostin bulagi, sanchib unga bushka ornating. Boshni avval suvda aylangan, gazeta bulaklari bilan koplang, keyin popiros, qog`ozini kleyda xullab epishtiring. Shu darsda, ə ikkiga bulamis. Plostinkani Olib tashlab g`-q qog`oz bulagirni bulkang. Yuzini tanasini rang bueklar bilan buyang va kuruning. Sochlarni epishtirib kagoz eki matodan epishtirib yasab uni xam epishtiramiz, uzunligi ə 0smli turbochka buyning ichiga epishtirib daxanidan g`sm uzokligida kiritib tilang. g`qsm A dan V gacha g`0sm Sdan daraja buyash kerak. Mashinada aylantirib chiking. Buymni va negidni ochik koldiramiz perchatkani ungi uchirib teshigi atradga ekani tikib chikamiz boshini buyga mustaxkam kilib epishtiramiz. Shu tarzda boshka persanashlarni xam yasash mumkin. PAPE-MASHE USULIDA OYINCHOQLAR YASASH. Pa'p3-mash3 s9'z8 f4ans7z 4ass9m8n8g 8sm va fam8l86as8d84. Rass9m b848nch8 b9'l8b uam84 va 19g'9zn8 a4alash5848b plas58l8nga 7ushash massa h9s8l 18lgan b7 massan8 17lda g'8j8mlash 941al8 5a6694lanad8. Ta6694lash 7s7l8 k768dag8cha: ə 1ava5 749v 19g'9z 69k8 gaz35a 7s58ga 9ld8ndan 5a6694langan s7671 uam84n8 s748b ch81am8z va uam84 s748lgan 19g'9zn8 17l8m8zda g'8j8mlab ma6dalab b84 h8l massa b7lg7ncha 3zg8lab 9lam8z. Ta6694 b9'lgan massan8 b7lakla4ga b9'l8b u9ulagan 9'68nch91n8 6asash8m8z m7mk8n. O'68nch91 6asash dav9m8da ba4cha ua6kal5a49shl8k 7s7l8dan f96dalan8sh8m8z m7mk8n b9'lad8. G'8j8mlash 7s7l8 941al8 9'68nch91 6asashdan k9'p8ncha a4cha b3zakla48 6asalad8. B7nda
6asala695gan 9'68nch91 8ch8ga s8mdan
8lgak j96lash5848lad8. Yasalgan 9'68nch91 19'48gandan s7ng 17m 19g'9z b8lan 8shkalan8b s8ll81landd8. S7ng4a 91 g7ash 69k8 58sh pas5as8 b8lan b76ab 9l8nad8. Q748gandan s7ng akva43l b7691 b8lan b76alad8 va 7s58dan lak b348lad8. 18
B7 7s7l 941al8, sabzav95la4, m3vala4, ua6v9n, pa44andala4, 17shla4, g7lla4 va b9sh1a na4sala4 6asash m7mk8n. Ij9d86 9'68nla4 7ch7n 19'llanma 6asash Ij9d86 9'68nla4 7ch7n 8shla58lad8gan 19llanmala4n8ng aham86a58 ka55a b9'l8b, ba64am 3s5al8kla48, sa64la4da, k9'ng8l 9ch8sh s9a5la48da k3ng f96dalan8lad8. B7nda shapka maskala4 kasb k868mla48 574l8 u8l b3lg8la4 8shla58lad8. (magaz8n )p9ch5a, d7u584-d7u584, 69'l9vch8-54ansp945 va m3hm9n-m3hm9n 9'68nla48da 8shla58lad8. B7 19'llanmala4 b9lala4, 69sh8ga m9s m7s5ahkam b9'l8sh8 k34ak. Rangla48 9'z 9'4n8da b9'6algan va laklangan b9'l8sh8 l9z8m. Q9’lanmala4 as9san ka459ndan va k34as8s 8kk8lamch8 u9m ash69dan 5a694lanad8. Masalan: Magaz8n 9'68n8 7ch7n 57z, 7n, shaka4, g747ch 91 p7kak(p3n9plas5dan) 5a694lansa, b9sh1a mahs7l95la4 b9'shagan 1758la4dan 5a694lasa b9'lad8: ch96, g7g745, s9v7n, a584, d3z9da4an5, ha4-u8l sh848nl8kla4 va b9sh1ala4. Masalan: Y9'l9vch8 va 54ansp945 9'68n8da ba4cha 19Mlanmala4 1al8n ka459ndan 6asalad8, sv359f94, mash8na 47l8, 69'l b3lg8la48, 5a691chas8, mash8nala4 s74a58 (Ga8 u9d8m8) va b9sh1ala4.
Mavz7 Qү G`K9’’’’ng8l 9ch8sh s9a5la48 7ch7n 19’’’’llanmala4 6asashG` Rejasi Ү ə . B9lala4 7ch7n m98jallangan paum91 t3a548 (345ak 8sh5849kch8la48, p34s9najla4, d3ka4a5s86ala4, 345ak ma5n8, b9shl9vch8 345akch8 b9b 69k8 m9m9dan) 8b94a5 b98ad8.
Mak5abgacha 5a'l8m m7assasala48da k9'ng8l 9ch8sh s9a5la48 d3ganda k9'z 9ld8m8zga k9'ng8l 9ch8sh s9a5la48da f96dalan8lad8gan 1.
S 9 6 a 5 3 a 5 4 8 : 2.
S 5 9 l 5 3 a 5 4 8 : 3.
B a 4 m 9 1 5 3 a 5 4 8 : 4.
P a u m 9 1 5 3 a 5 4 8 : 5.
Q9'g'84ch91 19'l19p 53a54la48n8 a658b b7 53a54la4ga m749ja5 18l8sh8m8z l9z8m. Ch7nk8 b7nda6 345akla4 9lam8 b9lala4n8ng s3v8ml8 59m9shas8 h8s9blanad8. T3a54n8 k9'48b b9lala4n8ng d7n691a4ash8 k3nga68b, u9584as8da ancha va15gacha 198ad8. S96a 53a548- 19'g'84ch91 53a548n8ng 9'z8ga u9s 574la48dan h8s9blanad8. Unda 19'g'84ch91la4 3mas, balk8 shaklla4dan 8b94a5 9'68nch91la4 9'6na6d8. T9m9sha 18l7vch8la4 sahna 49'pa4as8da 9'5848b, 3k4anda 6947g'l8k 941al8 19
ha4aka5lana695gan s96ala4: 9damla4, ha6v9nla4 va 17shla4 s96as8n8 k9'48sh8 m7mk8n.
B7ndan s96a 53a548n8 1768dag8cha 6asash m7mk8n. Avval9 ka459n 69k8 fan34 941al8 3k4an 6asal8b, 3k4ann8 67p1a 91 d9ka s74p b8lan 59458b mahkamlanad8. S9'ng4a ha4 b84 g747h 69sh8ga m9s 4av8shda 345akn8 5anlab, 7n8 1ah4am9nla48n8 ka459nga 57sh848b, j7da 3h58695l8k b8lan 18418lad8. Un8 18418b 9l8ngan 194a g7ash 941al8 b9'6alad8 va 174858lad8. S9'ng4a ch8491 6a'n8 6947g'l8k 57sh748b sahnalash58488gan 345ak nam968sh 18l8nad8.
Ma'l7mk8 b9lala4n8ng ha4 59m9nlama 48v9jlan8shla48da 574l8 9'68nla4 va 53a54lash5848lgan 5adb84la4n8ng aham86a58 ka55ad84. B7nda s59l 7s58da 96nalad8gan q6girch91la4, 1cfg'84ch91la4 53a54la48dan k3ng f96dalan8lad8. Paum91 53a548n8ng uz8ga
h9s 59m9n8 sh7ndak8, k8chk8n596la4 as9san 345ak 1au4am9nla48n8ng a6nan 9'z8n8 k9Vad8la4. P34s9najla4 paum91 3k4anga 69p8sh5848lad8. Ek4an 5a6694lash 7ch7n balandl8g8 ң0, 7z7nl8g8 ү0 sm l8 1al8n ka459n 69k8 fan34 7c58ga paum91 gazlamas8 6aush8lab 69p8sh5848lad8. P34s9najla4n8 5a6694lash 7ch7n 9 ə 45acha 1al8nl8kdag8 ka459ndan f96dalanam8z, 5a6694 b9'lgan p34s9naj 941as8ga paum91 gazlamas8 69p8sh5848lad8. P34s9najla4 3k4anga mana sh7 69M 941al8 69p8sh5848lad8. B9lala4 7ch7n m98jallangan paum91 t3a548 (345ak 8sh5849kch8la48, p34s9najla4, d3ka4a5s86ala4, 345ak ma5n8, b9shl9vch8 345akch8 b9b 69k8 m9m9dan) 8b94a5 b98ad8. Paum91 53a548 7ch7n p34s9najla4 1768dag8ca 5a6694lanad8: p34s9najla4 ka459n 19g’9zdan 18418b 9l8nad8 va 4angl8 b9'691da, g7ashda b9'6alad8. Ta6694 b9Mgan p34s9najla4 345ak 53ks58 b8lan b855a papkaga s9l8b 19’68lad8. H9z84g8 k7nda m a'l7mk8, 53a54n8ng b84n3cha 574la48 fa9l86a5 k9'4sa58b k3lm91da. B7la4dan: K9m3d86a 53a548,d4ama,ual1 53a548,m7s81al8 d4ama va k9m3d86a ,9p34a , bal35 ,va 19'g'84ch91 53a54la48 sh7la4 j7mlas8dand84. T36a584 b7 67n9ncha (586a589n)s9'z8dan 9l8ngan b9'l8b-59m9shau9na d3gan man9n8 b8ld84ad8. Jajj8 k8chk8n596la48m8zn8ng s3v8ml8 59m9shas8 b7- 19'g'84ch91 53a548d84. B7 53a54 941al8 b9lala4 9'zla48ga 6a18n va 5an8sh b9'lgan 9'68nch91la4n8, a681cha 1769nch, k7ch7kcha va b9sh1a 1ah4am9nla4n8 j9nl8l8g8, ha4aka5 18l8sh va gap848sh b9lala4n8 9'z8ga 49m 358sh. B7 53a54 b9lala4ga ka55a h8'4sandch8l8k va 17v9nch bahsh 358sh. B7 53a54 nafa1a5 k9'ng8l 9ch8sh 7ch7n, balk8 5a4b86av86 ma'n9s8ga ham 1a4ash k34ak. B9lala4 b9g'chas8da ka55a va 1868nsp3k5aklla4n8 19'68sh m7mk8n 3mas. K8ch8k sahnal8, k8ch8k 345ak as9s8da 9'zla48n8ng 9'68nch91la48 694dam8da 19'68shla48 ,m7mk8n. B7 k8ch8k k9'48n8shla48n8ng ha4 b848 ham b9lala4da ka55a 5as7495 76g'95ad8 va ba64am 345akla48ga k9'5a48nk8 47h bahsh 35ad8. Ha4 1anda6 bad886 asa4n8 19'g'84ch91 53548 941al8 k9'4sa58lsa, b9lala4 7ch7n 6anada 57sh7na4l8 b9'lad8. Q9'g'84ch91 53548 7ch7n 3ng k34akl8 b9'lgan sh84ma 5a6694lanad8. Balandl8g8 ө0 sm, 7z7nl8g8 h0 sm 43ka 694dam8da 5a6694lanad8. R3ka, m8h 941al8 1918l8b, 941a 59m9n8ga 8kk8 59m9n8 9ch8lad8gan 18l8b, k9'ja 69k8 g34man58n
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941al8 b84lash5848b 7nga pa4da 58k8lad8 va 9'4na58lad8. Q9'g'84ch91la4n8 5a6694lash 7ch7n 9dd86 sha4 va 7n gaz35a b9'lakla48 va kl3s54 k34ak b9'lad8. Sha4 7s58ga pap'3 -mash'3 941al8 5a6694lab 69p8sh5848lad8, o` ma45a 5ak494lab 69p8sh5848b ch81ad8 va 174858lad8. H9na ha494a58da g`-q k7n 1748gach 7nga 19sh.9g'8z va b747n pap'l3 mash3 941al8 5a6694lab 69p8sh5848lad8. Yana 174858lad8 g`-q k7npdan s9'g 6ahsh8lab 1748gan shak8lga 69g'9ch 7lanad8 va 1918b, 17m 19g'9z 941al8 s8ll81lanad8. Unga v9da 8m7ls86a b9'69g'8ga, PVA 63l8m8 ə 19sh81 19'sh8b sa481 va 9ch18z8l g7ashdan 9zg8na 19'sh8b,4ang8n8 ch81a48b, pa4al9n 941al8 67z8n8 748b-748b b9'6alad8. G7ash 694dam8da k9'z,19sh, 9g'z ch8z8lad8 va laklanad8. Unga 194a v8m94 , 5348 694dam8da s9ch 9'4na58lad8. S9'ng4a 19'g'84ch91 9'4na58lad8. Q9'l,
9691 58k8b
ch8u9lga pa549n
941al8 7lanad8.S9'ng4a k868n5848lad8.E45ak 1ah4am9nla48 5a6694 b9'lgach, 53ks58 69z8b,
sahnalash5848shga 5a6694lanad8. E45ak 8sh5849kch8la48, p34s9najla4, d34a5s86ala4, 345ak ma5nl, b9shl9vch8, 345akch8 b9b9 69k8 m7amm9dan 8b94a5 b9'lad8.
Appl8kas86a -bad86 asa4la4n8 6a4a58shnn8ng 3ng s9dda va 9s9n 7s7la48d84, b7ndan 5asv84n8ng 43al8s58k as9s8 sa1lanad8. Appl8kas86a g`00ө68l m71addam k9'chmanch8 hal1la4da pa6 d9 b9'lgan. Appl8kas86a b8lan k868m b9sh 574a4 j96-la4 b3za58lgan. B7 8shda 7la4 5348-m9'6na na'ma5-ladan f96dalan8shgan.Appl8kas86a 574l8 ual1la4da 574l8 ma5348alla4dan 5a6694langan. Y9175la4 appl8kas86a 8sh8da p9's5l91dn f96da-lan8shgan, b9'6algan f9'sl91dan 18l8ngan appl8-kas86ala4 b8lan 7la4 9'59vla4n8 b3zashgan. Sh8m9l ual1la48 appl8kas86ada 5348, m9'6na, s7nn9 8shla58shgan. K9m8,19z91, 9s358n, b746a5 va b9sh1a ual1la4 appl8kas86adan m8ll86 k868m 76- 49zg'94 p43dm3-la4n8 b3za58shda f96dalan8shgan. Gazlamadan appl8kas86a ma5348al8 s8fa58da ancha k368n491 f96dalana b9shland8. Gazlama pa4chala48n8 f9n u8zma58n8 9'59vsh8 ma5348ala4ga 58k8b na18sh 6a4a58lgan. Gazlamadan 6asalgan appl8kas86a b8lan k868m b9sh, 7649'zg'94 p43dm35la4n8 b3za58lgan
Kash5a as9san b3zak sana5 5748d84. T74l8 4 an g la4 d ag8 8 p , 8 g n a, 8 lm9 1 l8 b 8 g 8 z b 8 lan ma5 9 , 5 4 8 k 9 5 a j c h a 4 m , k 8 g 8 z k a 4 5 9 n g a 1 9 l d a 6 9 k 8 m a s h 8 n a d a g 7 l n a 1 s h 5 a s v 8 4 5 8 k 8 l a d 8 . K a s h 5 a k868mla4 va b767mla4n8 b3zashda hamda 49’zg’94 b 3 z a k b 7 6 7 ml a 4 8 n 8 5 a 6 6 9 4 l a s h d a 1 a d 8 md a n 19llan8lad8. Kash5a 8pak, pau5a, j7n, z8gl4, s7nl6 59lala4dan 5a6694langan 8pla4, ma68n c8m, za4 8pla4, u 9 m c h a 4 m d a n 3 n s 8 z 1 8 l 8 b 5 a 6 6 9 4 l a n g a n 5asmachala4dan 58k8,, m7nch91, ma4j9nla4, n9d84 va 18mma5bah9 59shla4, 4angl8 5ab886 va s7nl86, 9dd86 59shla4, 4angl8 sh8shala4dan 8shlangan m9 ‘nch91la4 1adab 5a6694lanad8. Pau5adan 5a6694langan gazlamala4n8ng 1768dag8 u8lla48 mavj7d: sa58n-1al8n gazlama, 59m9n8 s8ll81 b84 9z 6al584a6d8, 53ska48 59m9n8 6al584a6d8: ch85 sa58nga 1a4aganda b84 9z 8pla48 8ng8chka491 va 67msh91491:
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-d9ka ch85ga 1a4aganda 67msh91491 va 6848k 59 ‘18lgan, d9ka 6947g
l8k o ‘5kazad8, ch85 3sa 9’5kazma6d8. S8n5358k 59ladan 9l8ngan gazlamala4: sh968, k43p, k43p8l8n, 548k958k, v8l674 va uak9z9. J7ndan 9l8ngan gazlamala4- sh34s5, d4ap. Ipakdan: a5las, sh968, ad4as, b31asam. N9 59’18ma gazlamala4: b9’z, b43z3n5, 1an9419p. Amal86 san ‘a5n8ng 3ng k3ng 5a41algan 5748 kash5ach8l8kd84. Unda as9s86 o u/l 9lgan s9 Hzana 1ad8m zam9nla4dan ha4 b84 98lan8ng /sou/s/ b9lgan va h9z84 ham sh7nda6d84. B7u9m va sama41and s9 ‘zanala48 ko L r 4angl8l8g8 hamda shaklla48n8ng u8lma-u8ll8g8 n8h96a5da n9z8k 58k8l8sh8 b8lan fa41lanad8. O’zb3k a69lla48n8ng ch3va4l8k mah94a58n8 nam968sh 357vch8 b767mla4dan b848 ch96shabd84. A69lla4n8 h7sn8ga h7sn 19’shad8gan, 34kakla4ga kam9l95 baush 35ad8gan kash5ach8l8kn8ng b84 5748 d9’pp8d84. B7u949n8ng za4 d9 l pp8s8,
Namangann8ng ch7s5 d9Hpp8s8, 84918, d7u9ba va b9sh1a d9’pp8la4 g’96a5 mashh74d84. Kash5ach8l8kda b3lb9g \ das549 Hm9l, sandalp3ch, s9’zana, za4d3v94, p8llaband, ual8n va ha4 u8l ual5achala4 j7da naf8s 18l8b b3za58lad8. Kash5a 58k8sh va158da 8p 5anlashn8ng aham86a58 ka55ad84. kAsh5a 58k8shda m7l8n3 (8pak pau5a) 8p 8shla58lad8. G’al5ak 8pla4 ha4 u8l ə0 dan ə00 gacha n9m34l8 b9lad8. Y7p1a gazlamalam8 58k8sh 7ch7n 8ng8chka, 6a’n8 ө0-ү0 va uak9z9 n9m34l8 8pla4dan, 1al8n gazlamala4 7ch7n 69’g’9n, 6’an8 q0-ң0 va uak9z9 n9m34l8 8pla4dan f96dalan8lad8. Ipla4 b84-b848ga 19’sh8lgan ch8496l8 b9lad8. Masalan: 18z8l b8lan k9’k 4angl8, za4g’ald91 b8lan b8nafsha 4angl8, va158da asb9bla4dan (ang8shv9na, ha4 u8l n8na, 1a6ch8la4) f96dalan8shda uavfs8zl8k 53un8kas8 198dala48da h96 a 18l8nad8. Ishga k848sh8shdan 9ld8n fa457k va 3ng k868lad8. Ang8shv9na ba4m91la4n8 n8na k848shdan sa1la6d8 va gazlamadan n8na 9lkaz8shda 694dam b34ad8. Appl3ka5s86a gazlamadan b84 n3cha u8l 7s7lda baja48lad8: 1.
Gazlama p35l6achak8 941al8 19lda 58k8lad8. Gazlamaga 8shlanad8gan appl3ka5s86an8 ch358 19lda p35l6a ch9k8 941al8 58k8lad8: 2. Appl3ka5s86a 18l8nad8gan gazlama 94as8ga salafan 1968b, dazm9llanad8: 3. Appl3ka5s86a 18l8nad8gan gazlaman8 ch358 mash8nada z8ch-z8ch 18l8nad8.
ə . O'zb3k8s59n R3sp7bl8kas7 4n7s5a18ll8ka 348sh8sh m7n9saba58 b8lan 69sh avl9dga 5a'l8m-5a4b86a b348sh g`. Ha4 b84 9'68nch91n8ng 18smla48 b84-b84ga 58k8lgach, 8chk8 18smla48n8 5ash1a48ga ag'da48sh8n8 urgatish ususli. q. Y7msh91 9'68nch91la4 5a6e94lash uslublari. AdabietlarҮ
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O'zb3k8s59n R3sp7bl8kas7 4n7s5a18ll8ka 348sh8sh m7n9saba58 b8lan 69sh avl9dga 5a'l8m-5a4b86a b348sh 58z8m8da ham a648m 6ang8l8kla4 s9d84 b9'ld8. B7 3sa 9'z navba58da a648m 19'sh8mcha v9s85ala48dan f96dalan8sh l9z8ml8g8n8 5a1az9 35m91da. H9z84g8 pa65da 67msh91 9'68nch91la4da b9'lgan 5alab k7ndan- k7nga 9458b b94m91da. Sh7nga k9'4a b8z mak5abgacha 5a4b86a m7assasala48 5a4b86ach8la48, b9shlang'8ch s8nf
9'1857vch8la48n8ng 8shla48n8 63ng8llash5848sh ma1sad8da as9san 19'g'84ch91 53a548 59'ga4akla48da 19'llan8b k3la695gan 9'68nch91la4 nam7nas8n8 3'58b948ngg8zga hav9la 358shn8 l9z8m 59pd8k. B7 9'68nch91la4 5a4k8b8ga, b3zakla48ga sha49858dan k3l8b ch818b va mah9458ng8zga k9'4a a648m
9'zga48shla4 k84858sh8ng8z m7mk8n. O'68nch91la4n8 b348lgan ka5akchala4 694dam8da g`,q,ң va b84 n3cha ma45a ka55alash588 8b andazan8 7nga k9'4a 5a6694lash 17la6d84. T8k8sh 7s7lla48n8 3sa 6aush8 b8las8z. Ha4 b84 9'68nch91n8ng 18smla48 b84-b84ga 58k8lgach, 8chk8 18smla48n8 5ash1a48ga ag'da48sh8n8 7n75mang. l8n8ng 8ch8ga 3sa gazlama b9'lakla48, 18618mla4, pau5a 5818l8sh8 m7mk8n. A648m 9'68nch91la4n8ng 9ld va 941a 9691la48 maukam 5748sh8 7ch7n s8mdan ka4ka9 s8fa58da f96dalan8lad8. K9'z, sh9uchala4n8 69g'9chdan ham 5a6694lash m7mk8n. Ba'zan k9'z s8fa58da ch8496l8 57gmachala4dan ham f96dalan8sh 5avs86a 358lad8. Mazk74 d35alla4 ka459ndan 6asalad8gan b9'lsa, g7ash, akva43lda b9'6al8b, 7s58dan lak 19planad8. KeRAKLI ASBOBLAR: 1.
Ignalarning turli katta kichiklari 2.
Galtakli turli rangdagi iplar 3.
Rangli mulina iplari 4.
Turli rangdagi ipakli iplar 5.
Qaychi ү dona 6.
Bigiz uzuni 7.
Ombir ə dona 8.
Dazmol 9.
eg`ochli, temirli tayeqcha (paxta tuldirish uchun) 10.
Tikuv mashinasi 11.
12.
Loydan yasashda ishlatiladigan taeqcha 13.
Rasm chizish uchun muyqalamlar 14.
(Naperstki) əө dona 15.
Doiraviy ombur g` dona 16.
Har xil kattalikdagi igna 17.
Har xil rangdagi Qə0, Qң0, Qө0, Qү0 turli qalinlikdagi iplar 18.
Har xil rangdagi ipak ip. 19.
Dag`al iplar 20.
Yumshoq jag`li ombir 21.
Utkir muchali ombir 22.
Angishvona 23
23.
Dumaloq eg`och (paxta tikish uchun) 24.
Qalam 25.
Tikuv mashina ASheLAR: Yumshoq uyinchoq uchun iloji boricha yangi mato eki avvaldan yuvib, dazmollanan satin, barxat, shtapil, paxmoq, chit, junli matolar. Hayvonlarni tayerlovchi uyinchoq uchun, tukli bumazey, suniy va tabiiy jun matolaridan foydalaniladi. Tana yuz kurinishlarini tasvirlovchi qug`irchoq uyinchoqlari uchun shifon vol`ta, sun`iy tolali shoyi matolar. Yuz uchun och pushti, och jigarrangi matodan olinadi. Kiyimlari uchun: rangli matolar Soch uchun: sun`iy iplar, viskoza, qismlarni biriktirishda ə-g` mm yumshoq simlardan uyinchoqlarni jixozlashda, har xil tugmacha, biser, tisma, lentachalar, shnurlar hamda eskiz tayerlash uchun plastilin zarur. oyinchoq ichini paxta, trikotaj chiqindilari, averlo tikishda, chiqqan qirindilar eg`ochdan chiqqan qipiq bilan tuldirish mumkin. Yumshoq uyinchoq tayerlashga urgatish ishini nimadan boshlash kerakO` Dastlab, bolalarni igna
ushlashdan igna
tug`nog`ichdan urinli
foydalanishdan, sung eng oddiy chok turlarini tikishdan boshlash zarur. Chok turlarini urgatish uchun amaliy bir necha ish tavsiya etiladi. (Rumolcha tikish, xaltacha, kitob uchun xatchup) bu esa bolalarni chok turlarni tikish malakasini egallashga sharoit yaratadi. Bolalar igna bilan ishlash malakasi hosil bulgandan sung, oddiy model tayerlashga utiladi. Bolalar qulda tikadilar, kattaroq bolalar tikuv mashinada tikishlari mumkin. Yumshoq uyinchoq tayerlash protsessii quyidagi operatsiyalardan iborat: Mato tanlash, g`ijim bulak mato dazmollanish, matoga andozani chizish, qismlarni bichish, tikish,ichini tuldirish ustini jixozlash. Andoza kartondan tayerlanadi. Bichishda mato ikkiga buklanadi, uning chap tomoniga andoza quyib, yaxshi uchi ochiladi qalam bilan tayerlanaetgan bulsa, andoza xar bir bulak mato ustiga ipini qiyalab yunalgan tomoniga b quyiladi. Tuq mato bulsa, andoza oq eki sariq rangli qalam bilan, och rangli mato bulsa qora rangli uchi yaxshi ochilgan qalamdan foydalaniladi. Chizib olingan mato har tomonidan 0,ө sm chok uchun qoldirib, qirqiladi, sung qulda eki mashinada tikiladi. Burchaklari ung tomonidan chiqariladi. Tayer tikilgan forma metal taeqcha erdamida utmas tomoni bilan ungiga ag`dariladi. Agar uyinchoq tabiiy jundan tayerlanaetgan bulsa chok xaqqi qoldiriladi, chetlari qalin ipda tikiladi. oyinchoq titiluvchan mato (oretr, suxno, klenka, dermantin) chok xaqi qodirilmaydi, uyinchoq bichib bulgandan sung, ustki qismdan petlya choki bilan tikiladi. Hayvon va qushlarni tikish quyidagi qoida buyicha: avval tana va qorin qismlar bir biriga tikiladi. Forma ikki yarmi tayer bulgandan sung ularni birga tikiladi.
24
Forma ungiga ag`darilib, qoldirilgan foydan ichi tuldiriladi, qismlar bir- biriga kurinmas chok bilan birlashtirib tikiladi. oyinchoq ichi paxta eki mayda mato qiyqimlari bilan tuldiriladi oeq qismlarini taeqcha erdamida tuldiriladi. Texnik protsessi bilan tanishtirilgandan sung uyinchoq tayerlashga utiladi. oyinchoq tayerlanishning qiyinlik bosqichiga qarab ikki guruhga ajratiladi. ə -guruh (kichik bolalar) engil tuldiriladigan uyinchoq (tovuq, matreshka qug`irchog`i, pingvin, urdakcha, kuchukcha, filcha, quencha, ayiqcha, xutikcha, jiraыa pastki qismi tikilgan qug`irchoq). g`- guruh qug`irchoq teatri uchun qug`irchoq personaji Juchka kuchukchasi, ayiqcha, maymuncha, qug`irchoq, mushuk, sim sinch urnatilgan uyinchoq. Buratino, Tulki.
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