61. The correct answer is (E). Compare the following excerpts of John Locke’s Second Treatise of
Government and the language of the Declaration of Independence:
Locke:
Men being, as has been said, by Nature, all free, equal and independent, no one can be put out of
this Estate, and subjected to the Political power of another, without his own consent. The only way
whereby any one devests himself of his Natural Liberty, and puts on the bonds of Civil Society is
by agreeing with other Men to joyn and unite into a Community, for their comfortable, safe, and
peaceable living one amongst another, in a secure Enjoyment of their properties . . . .
And ‘tis not without reason, that he seeks out, and is willing to joyn in Society with others . . . for
the mutual Preservation of their Lives, Liberties and Estates, which I call by the general Name,
Property.
[W]hen by the Miscarriages of those in Authority [political power] is forefeited; upon the Forfei-
ture of their Rules, or at the Determination of the Time set, it reverts to the Society, and the People
have a Right to act as Supreme, and continue the Legislative in themselves, or erect a new Form .
. . as they think good.
The Declaration of Independence:
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by
the Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of
happiness. That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just
powers from the consent of the governed. That whenever any form of government becomes de-
structive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new
government . . . .
World History Subject Test
183
ARCO
■ SAT II Subject Tests
w w w . p e t e r s o n s . c o m / a r c o
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