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Xarorat ekologik omiliga nisbatan tor darajada tarqalgan turlar nima deyiladi? A) Evriterm V) Stenoterm S) Evrigalin D) Evrifot 3
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BIOEKOLOGIYA OQUV QOLLANMA
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- V-BOB. SUV - EKOLOGIK OMILI Tayanch so’zlar
- 5.1. Suvning aylanishi
2. Xarorat ekologik omiliga nisbatan tor darajada tarqalgan turlar nima deyiladi?
A) Evriterm V) Stenoterm S) Evrigalin D) Evrifot 3.Tana tepemraturasi muxit temperaturasi o’zgarishi bilan uzgarib turuvchi organizmlar nima deyiladi? A) Gomoterm V) Poykloterm S) Epifit D) Mezofit 4.Tana temperaturasi uzgarmas turlar nima deyiladi? A) Gomoterm V) Poykloterm S) Epifit D) Mezofit 5. Namlik ekologik omillarga nisbatan tor darajada tarqalgan turlar nima deyiladi? A) Stenogidrid V) Evrigidrid S) Evriterm D) Stenoterm. V-BOB. SUV - EKOLOGIK OMILI Tayanch so’zlar: bug’simon suv, gravitatsion suv, kapillyar suv, poykilogidrik, gidrostabil (izogidrik) o’simliklar, psixrofitlar, mezofitlar. Watyer Cycle The watyer cycle (Fig. 5.2.2; Schlesingyer 1997; see also Chaps. 2.1.1 and 2.2.4) is charactyerised by the large resyervoir in the oceans. An H2O molecule has a mean residence time (MRT) in the ocean of about 37,000 years calculated as resyervoir/flux. The MTR in groundwatyer of the continents is 300 years and watyer bound in ice 16,000 years; the MRT in the atmosphyere is three ordyers of magnitude smallyer (MRT: 9 days), the MRT for watyer in soil is 280 days. In this process losses by surface runoff and seepage occur, so that precipitation of about 1000 mm in montane regions of Gyermany is reduced to 300 mm in central 64 Sibyeria and 150 mm in eastyern Sibyeria (Schulze et al. 1999). Re lated to area, the avyerage turnovyer of watyer on land is lowyer than the turnovyer of oceans. 5.1. Suvning aylanishi Suvning aylanishi (Fig. 5.2.2; Schlesingyer 1997; see also Chaps. 2.1.1 and 2.2.4) okeandagi yirik rezervuarlar orqali harakatlanadi. N 2 O molekulasining okeanda asosiy joylashish vaqtini (MRT) taxminan 37000 yil, deb hisoblashadi. Suvning asosiy joylashish vaqti yerosti suvlari uchun taxminan 300 yil bo’lib, suv bog’lami muzlikda 16000 yilni tashkil qiladi; atmosferada suvning mavjudlik vaqti 3 xil tartibda bo’ladi (MRT: 9 days), suvning mavjudlik vaqti tuproqda esa 280 kunni o’z ichiga oladi. Suv bug’ining okendan yerga almashishi yer massasi yoki okeanni kesib o’tadigan vaqtiga qaraganda kichikroqdir. Bu Shuni anglatadiki, sohil joylaridagi bug’lanish tezligi va bu bug’langan suv yer massasiga ichki tomonida xarakatlanadi. Yomg’ir yog’ishi, to’planishi, bug’lanishi qit’a bo’ylab sodir bo’ladi. Yevropaning Sibir xududlarida bir xil suv molekulalar Tinch okeaniga yetib borishidan oldin 5 dan 7 martagacha bug’lanish bilan jarayonlarini boshidan kechiradi. Bu jarayondagi yo’qotishlar suv toshqini va qurg’oqchilik sababidir. Shuning uchun Germaniya tumanlaridagi 1000 mm atrofidagi ko’tarilishlar sharqiy Sibirda 150 mm va markaziy Sibirda 3000 mm gacha kamaygan. Xududiga ko’ra, yer yuzasidagi suv miqdori okean suv miqdoridan ancha kamaygan. Yernst-Detlef Schulze, Yerwin Bech, Klaus Mullyer Hohenstein. Plant ecology. Springyer Byerlin-Heidelbyerg, Gyermany, 2005. P.633. Download 3.62 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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