Anomalous solute transport in complex media Abstract
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HongGuang Sun, Yong Zhang, and Wen Chen Anomalous solute transport in complex media Abstract: This chapter reviews fractional derivative models used to quantify anoma- lous transport of various geological materials (such as water, solutes, and sediment) in complex natural media, presents recent progress of fractional derivative diffusion equations in several application fields, and finally identifies potential challenges for fractional engines for future studies. Keywords: Anomalous transport, fractional Fick’s law, heterogeneity, fractional derivative MSC 2010: 35R11, 26A33 1 Introduction Anomalous or non-Fickian diffusion has been well observed in physical, environmen- tal and hydrologic processes, such as water movement and contaminant transport through heterogeneous hillslopes and porous/fractured aquifers, saltwater or seawa- ter intrusion in deep internal continents or coastal plains, and suspended load trans- port in rivers and streams, among many others [14]. Typical features of anomalous transport include the heavy-tailed early-time arrivals and/or late-time decline of pol- lutant breakthrough curves and non-Gaussian distribution of material mass density in space [30]. The study of anomalous transport is of great significance in both the- oretical research (e. g., theoretical physics and statistical mechanics) and practical applications (e. g., water resource management, pollutant remediation, environment restoration, and exposure risk analysis). The study of anomalous diffusion is also of great importance in many other art and science disciplines (including chemistry, bi- ology, and geography), engineering, and finance. In traditional approaches, Fick’s law and Darcy’s law are the basic tools to de- scribe solute diffusive flux and water drift velocity through relatively homogeneous or macroscopically homogeneous media at almost all relevant scales. However, numer- Download 276.08 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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