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- Total 74 92 82 83 332 (100%) Complex noun phrases
- Single- word terms and numbers
- 3.4.2 Student interpretations: taxonomy of rendition types
- Close rendition
Frequency
Complex noun phrases 55 72 58 58 243 (73.19%) A + N 28 20 27 20 95 (28.61%) N + prep + N 11 27 15 17 70 (21.08%) N + subclause 7 18 7 14 46 (13.85%) N + N 2 3 5 6 16 (4.81%) Adv + A + N 2 1 2 1 6 (1.81%) other 2 3 1 0 6 (1.81%) A + N + N 2 0 1 0 3 (0.90%) N + N + N 1 0 0 0 1 (0.30%) Single-word terms 9 5 3 10 27 (8.13%) Numbers 4 10 6 7 27 (8.13%) Proper names 1 4 7 3 15 (4.52%) Culture-specific items 0 0 6 2 8 (2.41%) Idioms 3 1 1 1 7 (2.11%) Phrasal verbs 2 0 1 2 5 (1.51%) Total 74 92 82 83 332 (100%) Complex noun phrases are still, by far, the largest category of difficulties, with 243 occurrences, representing 73.19% of the difficulties. The three most frequent NP patterns, which will be the only patterns investigated here, are “A + N” (95 occurrences, 39.09% of NPs and 28.61% of all difficulties), “N + prep + N” (70 Data and methodology page 51 occurrences, 28.81% of NPs and 21.08% of all difficulties) and finally, “N + subclause” (46 occurrences, 18.93% of NPs and 13.85% of all difficulties). Single- word terms and numbers are the second most frequent difficulties, with 27 occurrences each (8.13%), followed by proper names (4.52%). My data analysis will focus on these four types of difficulties as they are the most frequent in LOCOSSI, and hence allow for generalizations. 3.4.2 Student interpretations: taxonomy of rendition types Once I had identified all the IN difficulties, I went through all the students’ interpretations to find out how they had handled them. The majority of interpreters’ utterances can be considered as reformulations of prior original utterances and can therefore be named renditions (Wadensjö, 1998: 106). By definition, a rendition is “a stretch of text corresponding to an utterance voiced by an interpreter” and is “a second, and thus, in at least some respect, a new version of an original” (ibid.). Interpreters’ renditions can relate to originals in different ways, which may form a basis for the classification of renditions into sub-categories. The present thesis is based on Wadensjö’s classification of renditions (1998: 106-108), to which I added two categories, namely divergent rendition (Amato & Mack, 2011) and innovative rendition. Table 7 provides an overview of the taxonomy used, together with examples taken from LOCOSSI. Table 7 – Taxonomy of renditions, based on Wadensjö (1998) and Amato & Mack (2011) Type of rendition Definition Example from LOCOSSI Close rendition The content found explicitly expressed in the rendition must be equally found in the preceding original letters of the Martian alphabet > des lettres de l’alphabet martien (Item #36 – IN01_STU01) |
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