Avvalo birinchi grammatik qoidalarni undan so’ng qiladigan xatolarni ko’rib chiqing bu sizni kelasida qilinadigan har qanday xatolardan saqlab qoladi. Uni tugatib test yechish sirlarini yaxshilab o’rganib chiqing

Boththe parents and the children enjoyed the program.
Ota-onalar ham, bolalar ham dasturni miriqib tamosho qildilar

neither … nor	na . . . na	Neither the parents nor the children enjoyed the program. Na ota-onalar, na bolalar dasturni miriqib tomosho qildilar.
either or	yo . . . yo	Either the parents or the children will attend, but not both. Yo ota-onalar, yo bolalar qatnashadilar, lekin ikkovlari emas.
not only . . . but also	nafaqat . . . balki . . . ham	Not only the parents but also the children enjoyed the program. Nafaqat ota-onalar, balki bolalar ham dasturni miriqib tamosho qildilar.

Ergashtiruvchi bog‘lovchilar.
Ergashtiruvchi bog’lvochilar mustaqil va nomustaqil gaplardan tashkil topadi. Ergash gap bosh gapga ergashib keladi va bosh gapni izohlab yoki tushuntirib keladi. Ergatiruvchi bog’lovchilar 4 turda bo’ladi time , cause and effect, contrast, and condition.
TIME

Conjunction	Tarjimasi	Example
after	keyin	After she had graduated, she got a job. U bitirgandan keyin, ishga joylashdi.
before	oldin	I will leave before he comes. U kelishidan oldin ketaman
When	qachonki, -da	When I arrived, he was talking on the phone. Kelganimda u telefonda gaplashayotgan edi
While	paytida, mobaynida -da, vaqtida	While I was walking home, it began to rain Uyga qaytayotganimda, yomg’ir yog’ish boshlandi
as	-da	As I was walking home, it began to rain Uyga qaytayotganimda, yomg’ir yog’ish boshlandi
By the time	o’sha paytgacha	By the time he comes, we will have already left U keladigan paytgacha, allaqachon jo’nagan bo’lamiz
Since	-dan beri	I've known her since I was a child Men uni yoshligimdan beri bilaman.
Until/till	-gacha	We stayed there till/until we finished our work. Biz uyerda ishni tugatgungacha qoldik
As soon as/ once	-gach, bilan, bilanoq	As soon as it stops raining, we will leave.
		Yomg’ir to’xtashi bilanoq, jo’naymiz
As long as/ so long as	to, toki, qadar. boshidan oxirigacha	I will never speak to him again as long as I live Tirik ekanman, u bilan boshqa hech qachon gaplashmayman
Whenever/every time	har doim	Whenever/ every time I see her, I say hello Har doim uni ko’rsam, salom deyman
The first/last/next time	…marta	The first time (that) I went to New York, I went to a Broadway show Birinchi marta Nyu Yorkga borganimda, Broadway shousiga bordim

Cause and Effect

Conjunction	Tarjimasi	Example
Because	chunki	Because I am busy during the week, I study English at the weekend. Hafta davomida band bo’lganim uchun ingliz tili bilan hafta oxirida shug’ullanaman
Since	sababli, modomiki	Since I am busy during the week, I study English at the weekend. Hafta davomida band bo’lganim uchun ingliz tili bilan hafta oxirida shug’ullanaman
As	uchun, sababli	As I am busy during the week, I study English at the weekend. Hafta davomida band bo’lganim uchun ingliz tili bilan hafta oxirida shug’ullanaman
For	uchun	He walked quicly, for he was in a great hurry U tez yurdi, sababi u juda shoshayotgan edi.
Seing that	sababli	Seing(that) he iss ill, we have to postpone the meeting Uning kasalligi tufayli, majlisni qoldirishga to’g’ri keldi.
Now that	sababli	Now that my money was running out, I had to get a job as a street sweeper. Pulim tugayotgani uchun ko’cha supuruvchisi sifatidagi ishni qabul qilishimga to’g’ri keldi
So	shuning uchun,	She was feeling unwell at the party, so she made an excuse and left early U ziyofatda o’zini yomon his qilayotgan edi shuning uchun uzr so’rab erta ketdi
Because/ since va as sinomim hisoblanadi va birini o’rnida ikkinchisini ishlatishingiz mumkin
BECAUSE OF / DUE TO / OWING TO / ON ACCOUNT OF bular because o’rnida ishlatiladi. Faqat o’zidan keyin ot va otli birikma oladi. Solishtiring; I stopped working because of raining. Because of + noun I stopped working because It was raining. Because + S+V

Oldinroq aytilgan ish-harakatning natijasi nima bo’lgani So bo’glovchisi orqali aytamiz. Consequently yoki as a result bilan ham aytsak bo’ladi.
His explanation was full of technical jargon. Consequently, nobody understood it at all!
Uning tushuntirishlari texnik jargonlarga to'la edi. Shuning uchun, buni hech kim tushunmadi!
Bizda yana so…that va such…that birikmalari ham bor ular o’zbek tiliga shunday…bo’lganligi uchun deb tarjima qilinadi
It was such a small room that the bed only just fit. – Shunday kichkina xona bo’lgani uchun faqat karavat sig’di.
CONTRAST
Bu turdagi bog’lovchilar biror sharoitga qaramasdan boshqa narsa sodir bo’lgani bildiradi. Bosh gapdagi ish-harakar ergash gapdagi sharoitga qaramasdan sodir bo’lgani bildiradi. Pastdagilar bir birni o’rnida bemalol almashirish mumkin.

Conjunction	Tarjimasi	Example
Altough even though though Much as	-ga qarasmasdan	Although the cafe was crowded, we found a table. Kafe gavjumligiga qaramay biz o’tirgani joy topa oldik.
No matter question word + adjective/adverb	-ga qaramasdan	I never seem to lose any weight, no matter how hard I try. Hech qachon ozadiganga o’xshamayman qanchalik qattiq harakat qilishimga qaramay.

Faqat though gapning oxirida kelishi mumkin. Gap oxirida kelganda “biroq” deb tarjima qilinadi It was cold. I went swimming, though. Sovuq edi. Biroq men suzishga bordim. Biz although, even though va though o’rnida insipe of va despite ishlatamiz ular ham –ga qaramay deb tarjiam qiliandi. Lekin ular pedlogligi sababli o’zidan keyin ot yoki otli birikma oladi. Hech qachon biz insipe of va despite kegin ega kesim holida gap tuzmaymiz. In spite of being a millionaire, he is very mean – millioner bo’lishiga qaramasdan, u juda hasis Agarda inspite of the fact that yoki despite the fact that holida kelsa, biz ega kesim holida gap tuza olamiz I went swimming despite the fact that the weather was cold – sovuqqa qaramasdan, cho’milgani bordim.

bo’lgani aytishda ya’ni zidlashda biz tepaadgi so’zlardan foydalandik ammo bizda faqat tepaagi so’z ya’na boshqa so’zlarimiz ham borki ular ham zidlay oladi. Masalan; endi keeling chuqurroq tus desangiz aniq bu kutilmagan natija hisoblanadi. Ya’ni sovuq havoga qa aytishda pastdagi so’zlardan foydalanamiz.	Contrast	lar emas but, however, yet, nonetheless va hakazo. huntirsam, tasavvur qiling; Siz cho’milishga bormoqchi ammo kun juda sovuq bo’b ramadan siz cho’milishga borishiz bu
	Kelin ozroq suhbatlashamiz tepada ko’rganlaringiz zidlash edi yani biror sharoitga qaramasdan boshqasi sodir Bu zidlash nega kerak o’zi biz “unexpected result” aytishda. O’zi unexpected result nima? Kutilmagan natija bu qoldi. Ho’sh nima qilasiz bu holda albatta hamma odamlar bunaqada bormaydi. Lekin agar siz kimgadir bordim kutilmagan holat hisobalandi. Pastda ko’rsatilgan misollarda ham shunaqa ma’no bor biz kutilmagan natijani