Best scientific research 2022

BEST SCIENTIFIC
RESEARCH - 2022 
183 
costly. While Turkmenistan is in favor of constructing gas pipeline to Pakistan and seeks to 
acquire new markets for Turkmen gas, Tajikistan also like to explore new markets for 
electricity generated by Tajik hydro-power plants.
Transport projects connecting Central Asia to the open seas via Afghanistan have 
two sections: one part passing through Iran includes access to the Persian Gulf thanks to 
Uzbekistan-Afghanistan-Iran line (Bender Abbas and Chabahar ports); and the second and 
the shortest way known as Tirmiz-Mazar-i-Sharif-Kabil-Peshawar railway line helps to reach 
Indian Ocean through Karachi and Gwadar Ports.
In February 2021 Afghan, Pakistani and Uzbek officials held their first trilateral 
meeting on the construction of a trans-Afghan railroad [6]. In April 2022 Uzbekistan has 
received its first transit shipment via Pakistan and Taliban-controlled Afghanistan which 
means Uzbekistan prioritized a southern-looking policy and got access to the Pakistani 
seaports of Karachi, Gwadar and Qasim.
There have been other transportation and energy projects; one of them called TAPI 
(Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India) Project, which is an ambitious pipeline for 
transporting natural gas from Central Asia to South Asia for the first time started in 1995. 
The pipeline covers 1680 kilometers route from Dauletabad in Turkmenistan through Herat, 
Helmand and Kandahar in Afghanistan to Quetta and Multan in Pakistan and then on to 
Fazilka in India. The construction of the pipeline has been stalled for various reasons such 
as difficulties in engaging with the regime in Ashgabat; security risks associated with pipeline 
that will run through trouble torn Afghanistan and Pakistan; lack of financing to the project 
by international companies. Besides, there was another project called CASAREM (The 
Central Asia-South Asia Regional Electricity Market) which was aimed to connect energy 
supplies, achieve prosperity through economic cooperation.
India’s ability to access Central Asia is conditioned by Pakistan policy towards New 
Delhi. The vulnerability of India to link directly with the region comes from its apprehension 
from Pakistani strategy to obstruct India and at times to cut off New Delhi from the region. 

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