Best scientific research 2022
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India 23,3 -2,8 -3,5 46,4 58,8 18,1 23,1 4 Italy 19,5 -0,9 -1,1 12,0 14,4 9,3 11,2 5 Kenya 33,7 -2,1 -2,5 1,1 1,3 0,9 1,1 6 Nigeria 53,4 -9,3 -13,3 13,2 19,7 4,1 6,3 7 Poland 17,4 -0,5 -0,6 1,1 1,3 0,9 1,1 In the development of electronic payment system in foreign countries, cashback is considered one of the most common methods, which mainly includes VAT benefits. In order to develop this system, South Korea has made various decisions to introduce tax breaks for 2 2021 AT Kearney and VISA: Digital payments and the global informal economy, page: 32 BEST SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH - 2022 85 debit and credit cards. As a result, card transactions increased from 15 percent to 65 percent over a ten-year period. At the same time, the system of granting VAT benefits began to spread widely in Latin American countries. For example: for debit cards in Uruguay 4% and 2% discount for credit cards and electronic payment system increased to 42 percent. And this, in turn, debit card transactions in 2016 65% and increased to 78% in 2017. In the countries of the world, there is an experience of introducing a cashback system in the amount of 0.5 percent of the turnover of payments for goods and services made by consumers using plastic cards as tax sources. (Figure 1 shows the impact of the 0.5% cashback system on the underground economy according to studies conducted by Ernst and Young as an example of countries); There is also the experience of introducing a system of giving a tax credit of 0.5 percent of turnover by sellers when selling goods and services through plastic cards. (Figure 2 shows the effect of a 0.5% sales tax credit on the hidden economy according to studies conducted by Ernst and Young in the example of countries); In addition, VAT incentives for making payments through the electronic system will reduce the share of the shadow economy in Nigeria from 9.3 percent to 13.3 percent and in India from 2.8 percent to 3.5 percent in 2017-2021. In Brazil, reducing the share of the shadow economy from 1.2% to 1.4% can lead to an additional growth of GDP up to 17.7 billion dollars. Based on the above, in the development of cashless payment systems, it is proposed to give benefits in the form of cashback and bonuses to buyers and sellers by lowering the VAT rate when payments are made through cashless and electronic payment systems. (For example, if the VAT rate is 15%, reduce it to 12% as a cashback or bonus). Also, increasing the amount of cashback and bonuses (for example, providing a 3% cashback instead of 1% for VAT) will help reduce the size of the hidden economy by increasing the motivation of consumers to save. |
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