Bioxilma- xillik tushunchasi va uni atrof-muhit muxofazasidagi o’rni

2.4. 7-rasm. Qirqbo’g’imning mavsumiy poyalari
Tarqalgan hududlar (Native to):
Afghanistan, Alabama, Alaska, Albania, Alberta, Aleutian Is., Altay, Amur, Arizona, Arkansas, Austria, Azores, Baleares, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, British Columbia, Bulgaria, Buryatiya, California, Central European Rus, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Chita, Colorado, Connecticut, Corse, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Delaware, Denmark, District of Columbia, East European Russia, Finland, France, Føroyar, Georgia, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Greenland, Hungary, Iceland, Idaho, Illinois, India, Indiana, Inner Mongolia, Iowa, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Irkutsk, Italy, Japan, Kamchatka, Kansas, Kazakhstan, Kentucky, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Kriti, Krym, Kuril Is., Labrador, Magadan, Maine, Manchuria, Manitoba, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Mongolia, Montana, Nebraska, Nepal, Netherlands, Nevada, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Newfoundland, North Carolina, North Caucasus, North Dakota, North European Russi, Northwest European R, Northwest Territorie, Norway, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Oregon, Pakistan, Pennsylvania, Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Prince Edward I., Qinghai, Québec, Rhode I., Romania, Sakhalin, Sardegna, Saskatchewan, Sicilia, South Carolina, South Dakota, South European Russi, Spain, Svalbard, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Tennessee, Texas, Tibet, Transcaucasus, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Tuva, Ukraine, Utah, Uzbekistan, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Himalaya, West Siberia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming, Xinjiang, Yakutskiya, Yugoslavia, Yukon

2.4. 8-rasm. Qirqbo’g’imning ichki tuzilishi



2.4. 9-rasm. O’rmon qirqbo’g’imi (Equisetum sylvaticum)



Yozgi poyasi Bahorgi poyasi
2.4. 10-rasm. Qirqbo’g’imning mavsumiy poyalari.
X U L O S A
Xulosa qilib aytganda, bu bo’lim vakillarining ko’p turlari iqlim, qulay muhit yetishmasligi natijasida qirilib ketganligini yuqoridagi kurs ishimizning mavzusida atroficha yoritishga harakat qildik. Masalan bitta katta ponabargli (Sphenophyllum) turkumini o’z ichiga olgan ponabarglilar oilasidan iborat. Ponabarglilar dastlab devon davrida paydo bo’lgan. Toshko’mir davri hamda perm davrining boshlarida avj olib o’sgan. Perm davrining oxirida yoki trias davrining boshlarida yo’qolib ketgan. Ular past bo’yli o’simlik bo’lib o’rmonlardagi botqoqlarda o’sgan va qalin chakalakzorlar hosil qilganligini turli xil manbalardan o’qib bilishimiz mumkin.
Poyasiningbo’g’imiorqaliuzunasigaqovurg’alivabarglibo’g’imlaratrofidadoirashaklidajoylashga. Barglari bandsiz ponaga o’xshash bo’lib, cheti butun yoki dixotomik tipda keltirilgan. Ko’payish organlari sporangiylardan iborat bo’ladi. Sporangiylari uzun bandli bo’lib, sporafillarning ustki qismida sporangiy boshoq ustida joylashgan. Har qaysi sporangiy boshoqchada 3-4 tadan sporangiy hosil qiladi. Hamma sporalari bir xil bo’lishini ko’rishimiz mumkin.
Poyasida uchburchak kesimli boshlang’ich ksilemaning markaziy bog’lami, uning atrofida ikkilamchi ksilema qatlami joylashgan. Lekin bu qatlamda yillik halqalarning izi bo’lmagan. Qirqbo’g’imlarning yashash sharoiti to’g’risida palebotaniklar qarama-qarshi fikr bayon qilishadi. Ularning ba’zilar qirqbo’g’imlarga qarshi fikr bildirgan bo’lsalar, boshqalari ularga nisbatan ijobiy fikr bildiradilar.
Yuqoridagi dala qirqbo’g’imi haqida so’z yuritish davomida uning ekinlarga katta zarar yetkazadigan va uy hayvonlari uchun zaharli begona turlari mavjudligi haqida so’z yuritdik. Lekin ushbu o’simlik farmasevtika hamda tabobatda juda ham foydali o’simlik sifatida qadrlanishi to’g’risida ko’plab fikr yurita olamiz. Uning ahamiyatli tomoni va arealining ko’pligi jihatdan avaylab - asrasak arziydi.