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1994 Book DidacticsOfMathematicsAsAScien
antiquity to the present. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Jahnke N., & Otte M. (Eds). (1981). Epistemological and social problems of the sciences in the early 19th century. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Reidel. Kant, I. (1787). Kritik der reinen Vernunft (2nd ed.). Riga: J. F. Hartknoch. Martin, R. (1988). Truth, power, self: An interview with Michel Foucault, October 25, 1982. In L. H. Martin, H. Gutman, & P. H. Hutton (Eds.), Technologies of the self: A seminar with Michel Foucault (pp. 9-15). London: Tavistock. Minsky, M. L. (1988). The society of mind. London: Heinemann. Minsky, M. L., & Papert, S. (1973). Artificial intelligence. Eugene, OR: Oregon State System of Higher Education. Ong, W. J. (1982), Orality and literacy. The technologizing of the word. London: Methuen. Otte, M. (1977). Zum Verhältnis von Wissenschafts- und Bildungsprozess. Zentralblatt für Didaktik der Mathematik, 9, 205-209. Popp, W. (1968). Wege des exakten Denkens - Vier Jahrtausende Mathematik. München: Ehrenwirth. Ryle, G. (1964). Dilemmas. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Scharlau, W., & Opolka, H. (1980). Von Fermat bis Minkowski. Heidelberg: Springer. Taylor, Ch. (1989). Sources of the self. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Thom, R. (1973). Modern mathematics, does it exist? In A. G. Howson (Ed.), Developments in mathematical education. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Toeplitz, O. (1949). Die Entwicklung der Infinitesimalrechnung. Berlin: Springer. Vygotsky, L. S. (1981). The genesis of higher mental functions. In J. V. Wertsch (Ed.), The concept of activity in Soviet psychology (pp. 144-188). Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe. Vygotsky, L. S. (1987). Thinking and speech. In R. W. Rieber & A. S. Carton (Eds.), The collected works of L . S. Vygotsky. (Vol. 1, pp. 38-285). New York: Plenum Press. Weizsäcker, C. F. von (1971). Die Einheit der Natur. München: Hanser. Weizsäcker, C. F. von (1992). Zeit und Wissen. München: Hanser. Wertheimer, M. (1967). Drei Abhandlungen zur Gestalttheorie. Darmstadt: Wissenschaft- liche Buchgesellschaft. [Original work published 1925] Wittgenstein, L.(1974) Tractatus logico-philosophicus [D. F. Pears & B. F. McGuiness, Trans.] (2nd ed.). London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. 365 MATHEMATICS IN SOCIETY Mogens Niss Roskilde 1. INTRODUCTION: MATHEMATICS AS A DISCIPLINE Mathematics is a discipline in several different respects. It is a science in an epistemological sense, oriented towards developing, describing and under- standing objects, phenomena, relationships, mechanisms, and so forth be- longing to some domain. When this domain consists of what we usually think of as mathematical entities, mathematics acts as a pure science. In this capacity, mathematics aims at internal self-development and self-under- standing, independent of the world outside except for the fact that mathe- matics is exercised by human beings interacting with each other and work- ing in societal institutions in accordance with social norms and habits. If, on the other hand, the domain under consideration lies outside of mathematics, typically within some other scientific field, mathematics serves as an ap- plied science. In this capacity, mathematics is activated to help to under- stand and develop aspects of various extra-mathematical areas. Needless to say, mathematics as a pure science provides crucial contributions to mathe- matics as an applied science, although often with a great delay. The differ- ence between these two aspects of mathematics is a question of the focus of attention rather than of mathematical content matter. Whether pure or ap- plied, mathematics as a science serves to generate knowledge and insight. Mathematics is also a system of instruments, products as well as pro- cesses, that can assist decisions and actions related to the mastering of ex- tra-mathematical practice areas. (That such decisions and actions will often be based on scientific knowledge and insight, whether mathematical or ex- tra-mathematical, is quite true but not essential in the present context.) Thus mathematics provides tools for the exercise of a very wide range of social Download 5.72 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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