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Q o ‘sh ish y o r d a m id a k o ‘ p a y tir is h a m a lin i k e ltir ib
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Q o ‘sh ish y o r d a m id a k o ‘ p a y tir is h a m a lin i k e ltir ib
c h iq a r is h 1. B ir x il q o ‘s h ilu v c h ila r y ig M n d isin i h iso b la n g : 2 0 + 2 0 + 2 0 7 + 7 + 7 + 711 + 11 + 11 + 11 = 3 0 + 3 0 + 3 0 9 + 9 + 9 + 9 1 5 + 1 5 + 1 5 + 1 5 = 1 0 + 1 0 + 1 0 + 1 0 8 + 8 + 8 + 8 1 2 + 1 2 + 12+12 = 2. 3 + 3 - ik k ita 3 s o n in in g yigM ndisi. U 6 g a te n g . B u n i q is q a 3-2 d e b y o z a m iz . N u q ta (•) k o ‘p a y tiris h b e lg is i. D e m a k : 3-2 = 6 , 7 + + 7 + 7 + 7 - t o ‘r tta 7 s o n in in g yigM ndisi. U 2 8 g a te n g . 3 . Q o ‘s h is h n i k o ‘p a y tiris h a m a li b ila n a lm a s h tirin g . N a m u n a : 2 0 + 2 0 + 2 0 = 20-3. 4 . Q o ‘s h is h d a n v a a y iris h d a n fo y d a la n ib n a tija n i to p in g : + 37 4 8 85 — 57 26 31 + 65 32 97 + 37 53 9 0 8 7 13 100 2 7 _ 3 3 0 - 3 0 3 2 7 5 0 2 4 2 6 52 24 28 217 “ M in g lik ” m a v z u sid a a r ifm e tik a m a lla r in i o ‘r g a n ish M in g lik m a v z u s id a o ld in q o ‘sh is h v a a y iris h n in g o g ‘z a k i, k e y in y o z m a u s u lla ri o ‘rg a n ila d i. M in g ic h id a q o ‘sh is h va a y iris h n in g o g ‘z a k i u s u lla rin i o ‘rg a n is h m e to d ik a s i 100 ic h id a q o ‘s h is h v a a y iris h m e to d ik a s ig a o ‘x s h a s h lik to m o n la ri bor. 1000 ic h id a q o ‘sh is h v a a y iris h n in g o g ‘z a k i u s u lla ri b ir v a q td a v a q u y id a g i ta rtib d a o ‘rg a n ila d i. 1. 2 5 0 + 3 0 , 4 2 0 + 3 0 0 k o ‘r in is h d a g i q o ‘sh ish v a a y iris h h o lla ri. H is o b la s h u su lla ri so n n i y ig ‘in d ig a q o ‘s h is h v a y i g ‘in d id a n so n n i a y iris h n in g te g is h li q o id a la r ig a a s o s la n a d i: 2 5 0 + 3 0 = (2 0 0 + 5 0 )+ 3 0 = 2 0 0 + 8 0 = 2 8 0 2 5 0 - 3 0 = ( 2 0 0 + 5 0 ) -3 0 = 2 0 0 + ( 5 0 -3 0 ) = 2 0 0 + 2 0 = 2 2 0 4 2 0 + 3 0 0 = ( 4 0 0 + 2 0 0 )+ 3 0 0 = (4 0 0 + 3 0 0 )+ 2 0 = 7 0 0 + 2 0 = 7 2 0 4 2 0 - 3 0 0 = ( 4 0 0 + 2 0 ) -3 0 0 = ( 4 0 0 - 3 0 0 ) + 2 0 = 1 0 0 + 2 0 = 120 0 ‘q u v c h ila m i q a ra la y o tg a n h o lla r u c h u n q o ‘sh is h v a a y iris h n in g b o s h q a u su li, y a ’ni o ‘n lik la r so n in i ifo d a lo v c h i s o n la m i q o ‘s h is h v a a y iris h g a k e ltir ila d ig a n u su li b ila n ta n is h tiris h m a q s a d g a m u v o fiq : 2 5 0 + 3 0 = 2 8 0 _________________ 2 5 0 -3 0 = 2 2 0 2 5 o ‘n l+ 3 o ‘n l= 2 8 o ‘nl 2 5 o ‘n l-3 o ‘n l= 2 2 o ‘nl 4 2 0 + 3 0 0 = 7 2 0 ___________________ 4 2 0 -3 0 0 = 1 2 0 4 2 o ‘n l+ 3 0 o ‘n l= 7 2 o ‘n l 4 2 o ‘n l-3 0 o ‘n l= 1 2 o ‘nl B u u s u ld a n fo y d a la n is h o ‘q u v c h ila m i 1000 ic h id a k o ‘p a y tir is h v a b o ‘ lis h n in g o g ‘z a k i u s u lla rin i, s h u n in g d e k , k o ‘p x o n a li s o n la r u s tid a a m a lla r b a ja ris h n i o ‘r g a n is h g a ta y y o rla y d i. 2 . 8 4 0 + 6 0 , 7 0 0 -8 0 k o 'r in is h d a g i q o ‘sh is h v a a y iris h h o lla ri. Q o ‘s h is h n in g b u u su lin i q a ra s h d a 8 4 + 6 k o ‘rin is h d a g i h o ln i e s la tis h k ifo y a : 8 4 0 + 6 0 = (8 0 0 + 4 0 ) + 6 0 = 8 0 0 + ( 4 0 + 6 0 ) = 8 0 0 + 1 0 0 = 9 0 0 218 7 0 0 - 8 0 k o ‘r in is h u c h u n e s a 7 0 - 8 k o ‘rin is h n i e s la tis h b ila n b irg a q u y id a g i m a x s u s m a s h q la m i b a ja ris h n i n a z a rd a tu tis h k e ra k : S o n la m i n a m u n a d a g ig a o ‘x s h a s h y ig ‘in d i b ila n a lm a s h tirin g . 4 0 0 + 3 0 0 + 1 0 0 , 6 0 0 = ...., 9 0 0 = .... 4 3 7 + 4 0 0 , 1 6 2 + 5 , 8 7 2 -7 0 0 , 5 6 8 -4 .... v.h . B u la m in g y e c h im la ri h a m y ig M n d ig a so n n i q o ‘s h is h va y ig M n d id an so n n i a y iris h q o id a la rin i q o M la n ish g a a s o sla n a d i. B u n d a b ird a n - b ir fa rq u c h x o n a li so n n i x o n a b irlik la ri yigM ndisi s h a k lid a e m a s , b a lk i q u la y q o ‘s h ilu v c h ila r yigM ndisi sh a k lid a if o d a la s h n in g q u la y lig id ir: 4 3 7 + 2 0 0 = ( 4 0 0 + 3 7 ) + 2 0 0 = (4 0 0 + 2 0 0 ) + 3 7 = 6 3 7 16 2 + 5 = ( 16 0 + 2 )+ 5 = 16 0 + (2 + 5 )= 167 8 7 2 -7 0 0 = (8 0 0 + 7 2 )-7 0 0 = (8 0 0 -7 0 0 )+ 7 2 = 172 5 6 8 - 4 = ( 5 6 0 + 8 ) -4 = 5 6 0 + (8 -4 )= 5 6 4 3. 7 0 0 + 2 3 0 , 4 3 0 + 2 6 0 , 9 0 + 6 0 , 3 8 0 + 7 0 , 2 7 0 + 3 5 0 k o ‘rin is h d a g i q u s h is h h o lla ri. B u n d a y q o ‘sh is h u s u lla ri s o n g a yigM ndini q o ‘sh ish q o id a s ig a a s o s la n a d i. 7 0 0 + 2 3 0 = 7 0 0 + (2 0 0 + 3 0 ) = (7 0 0 + 2 0 0 ) + 3 0 = 9 3 0 4 3 0 + 2 6 0 = 4 3 0 + (2 0 0 + 6 0 )= (4 3 0 + 2 0 0 ) + 6 0 = 6 9 0 9 0 + 6 0 = 9 0 + ( 10 + 5 0 ) = ( 9 0 + 10 ) + 5 0 = 150 3 8 0 + 7 0 = 3 8 0 + (2 0 + 5 0 )= (3 8 0 + 2 0 )+ 5 0 = 4 5 0 2 7 0 + 3 5 0 = 2 7 0 = (3 0 0 + 5 0 ) = (2 7 0 + 3 0 0 )+ 5 0 = 5 7 0 + 5 0 = 6 2 0 4 2 0 + 2 6 0 k o ‘rin is h u c h u n yigM ndini y igM ndiga q o ‘sh is h q o id a s i- d a n h a m f o y d a la n is h m u m k in . 4 3 0 + 2 6 0 = (4 0 0 + 3 0 ) + (2 0 0 + 6 0 )= (4 0 0 + 2 0 0 )+ (3 0 + 6 0 )= 6 0 0 + 9 0 = 6 9 0 9 0 + 6 0 k o ‘r in is h d a o ‘n lik la r u s tid a a m a lla r b a ja r is h u s u lid a n h a m f o y d a la n is h m u m k in : 9 o ‘n lik + 6 o ‘n lik = 15 o ‘n lik . 4. S o n d a n yigM ndini a y iris h q o id a s in in g q o M la n ila sh ig a a s o s la n - g a n h o lla r g u ru h i: 219 5 0 0 - 1 4 0 = 5 0 0 = ( 10 0 + 4 0 ) = ( 5 0 0 - 10 0 ) - 4 0 = 4 0 0 - 4 0 = 3 6 0 2 7 0 - 1 3 0 = 2 7 0 - ( 10 0 + 3 0 ) = ( 2 7 0 - 10 0 ) - 3 0 = 1 7 0 - 3 0 = 140 14 0 - 6 0 = 14 0 - ( 4 0 + 2 0 ) = ( 14 0 - 4 0 ) - 2 0 = 1 0 0 -2 0 = 8 0 3 4 0 - 6 0 = 3 4 0 - ( 4 0 + 2 0 ) = ( 3 4 0 - 4 0 ) - 2 0 = 3 0 0 - 2 0 = 2 8 0 3 4 0 - 1 6 0 = 3 4 0 - ( 10 0 + 6 0 ) = ( 3 4 0 - 10 0 ) - 6 0 = 2 4 0 - 6 0 = 180 2 7 0 - 1 3 0 k o ‘r in is h d a g i h o lla r u c h u n y ig ‘in d id a n y ig N n d in i a y irish q o id a s ig a a s o s la n g a n h a m m a x o n a a y iris h u s u lid a n fo y d a la n is h q u la y . 2 7 0 - 1 3 0 = ( 2 0 0 + 7 0 H 10 0 + 3 0 ) = ( 2 0 0 - 10 0 ) + ( 7 0 - 0 ) = 1 0 0 + 4 0 = 140 1 4 0 - 6 0 k o ‘rin is h d a g i h o i u c h u n o ‘n lik la r u s tid a a y iris h a m a lin i b a ja r is h q u la y d ir: 14 o ‘n lik - 6 o ‘n lik = 8 o ‘n lik . Q o ‘s h is h v a a y iris h n in g y o z m a u su lla ri a lo h id a -a lo h id a q a ra la d i: Y ig ‘in d in i y ig N n d ig a q o ‘s h is h q o id a s i y o z m a q o ‘s h is h (u s tu n s h a k lid a q o ‘s h is h )g a a s o s boM adi: 3 5 4 + 1 3 2 = (3 0 0 + 5 0 + 4 )+ ( 10 0 + 3 0 + 2 ) = ( 3 0 0 + 10 0 ) + ( 5 0 + 3 0 ) + ( 4 + 2 ) = = 4 0 0 + 8 0 + 6 = 4 8 0 K e y in sh u m is o ln i u stu n q ilib y e c h ib k o ‘rs a tila d i v a ta q q o s la n ib , q u la y ig a in tila d i. 0 ‘q itu v c h i y o z m a r a v is h d a q o ‘s h is h y u z lik la rd a n e m a s , b a lk i b ir lik la r d a n b o s h la n is h g a o ‘q u v c h ila r e ’tib o rin i q a r a tis h k e ra k . 0 ‘q u v c h ila r g a s o n la m i b irin in g o s tig a ik k in c h is in i t o ‘g ‘ri y o z is h n in g z a ru rlig in i o y d in la s h tiris h u c h u n b irin c h i d a rs d a y o q q o ‘s h ilu v c h ila rd a n b iri u c h x o n a li, ik k in c h is i e s a ik k i x o n a li b o ‘lg a n m is o lla r is h la tis h k era k : 412 I 437 2 563 3 346 4279 325 Ш 246 454 2 i 737 560 809 800 1000 . Щ ............................................................................................... II. B irlik la r yigM ndisi y o k i o ‘n lik la r yigM ndisi 10 g a te n g boM gan h o lla r. III. B irlik la r yigM ndisi y o k i o ‘n lik la r yigM ndisi 10 d a n k a tta boM gan h o lla r. 220 Y o z m a a y iris h n in g h a r x il u s u lla ri q o ‘s h is h d a g id e k o ‘r g a n ila d i: o ld in y ig ‘in d id a n y ig N n d in i a y iris h q o id a s i q a ra la d i, s o ‘n g ra y o z m a u s u li y e c h ib b o rila d i. 5 6 3 -3 2 1 = ( 5 0 0 + 6 0 + 3 ) - ( 3 0 0 + 2 0 + 1 ) = ( 5 0 0 - 3 0 0 )+ + ( 6 0 - 2 0 ) + ( 3 - 1 ) = 2 0 0 + 4 0 + 2 = 2 4 2 5 6 3 4 5 0 9 6 3 321 136 5 8 6 2 4 2 3 1 4 1 0 0 0 ic h id a k o ‘p a y tiris h v a bo N ish . Ik k in c h i s in f d a o ‘q u v c h ila r b ir y o k i ik k i n o l b ila n tu g a y d ig a n s o n la m i k o ‘p a y tiris h v a boN ish u s u lla ri b ila n ta n is h a d ila r. K o ‘p a y tir is h v a b o N ish h o lla ri ja d v a ld a k o ‘p a y tiris h v a b o N ish g a k e ltirila d i. 6 0 x 4 ________________ 80^2__________________ 5 4 0 :9 6 o ‘nl x 4 = 2 4 8 o ‘n l:2 = 4 o ‘n l 5 4 o ‘n l:9 = 6 o ‘nl 6 0 x 4 = 2 4 0 8 0 :2 = 4 0 5 4 0 :9 = 6 0 9 0 0 :3 _____________________ 3 0 0 x 2 9 y u z l:3 = 3 y u z l 3 y u z l x 2 = 6 y u zl Download 7.79 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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