Country Background Report – Denmark
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10932 OECD Country Background Report Denmark
1.4 a
1.4 b 27 their right to determine the level of service, but it stipulates the overall economic framework for both municipalities and regions. If the municipalities collectively do not keep their expenditures in final accounts below the expenditure ceiling, as determined annually by the national Parliament, economic sanctions of up to 3 billion DKK will be imposed on the municipalities. 60 per cent of a sanction will be imposed upon the individual municipalities that contribute to ex- ceeding the expenditure ceiling, whereas the remaining 40 per cent of the economic sanctions for exceeding the expenditure level will be imposed upon the municipalities collectively. Since 2011, the municipalities have kept their total service expenditures below the ex- penditure ceiling in both the budgets and in the final accounts (Christiansen 2014). In each of the years 2011-2013, the municipalities underran their budgets by 4-6 billion DKK. Since 2010, the economic agenda of the municipalities has been an agenda of expenditure reduction and an intensified quest for more effective use of resources. From the budget overruns in 2009 to the budget underruns in 2012, the total municipal service expenditures were reduced by 12 billion DKK (The Ministry of Finance, Min- istry of Economic Affairs and the Interior & Local Government Denmark 2013), equalling approximately 5 per cent of the total service expenditures. Based on the re- cently published accounting figures for 2014, the reduction in municipal service ex- penditures from 2009 to 2014 equals 11.3 billion DKK or 4.6 per cent 5 . In the school area, both the unit costs per student and the total expenditures for the Folkeskole have been decreasing since 2009 (see Table 1, Appendix 1). From 2009 to 2014, the munic- ipal expenditures for the Folkeskole at large were reduced by 3.5 billion DKK, equal- ling approximately 6.3 per cent of the expenditures. Seen over the entire period from 2007 to 2014, the expenditures were reduced by 1.7 billion DKK, or 3.0 per cent of the expenditures 6 . Structural changes in the number and size of schools from 2009/10 Structural changes in the number and size of schools have been a predominant charac- teristic of the ‘Folkeskole’ in recent years and have presumably contributed to the de- crease in expenditures for the Folkeskole mentioned above. These structural develop- ments have taken place at the same time as the majority of municipalities have experi- enced a declining number of school-aged children. From 2007 to 2013, a total of 270 out of 1580 municipal schools were closed, i.e. almost every fifth school has been closed since the Structural reform in 2007. The most recent population forecast predicts that the number of school-aged children will drop by 8 per cent over the next ten years (see Figure 1.3). Thus, structural chang- 5 Local Government Denmark: www.kl.dk/Okonomi-og-dokumentation/Styr-pa-okonomien-id178699/?n=0§ion=132442 6 Expenditures not adjusted for changes in tasks. 28 es are likely to be on the school policy agenda in the years to come also. At the same time the number of 65+ year old citizens is predicted to grow by 20 per cent, reflecting a growth in the number of 75-84 year old and 85+ year old citizens. In order to improve public finances and increase labour supply, a number of macro- structural reforms and initiatives have been enacted by the national parliament in re- cent years. These include reforms of the disability pensions, the flexjob scheme, the Cash Benefit system, the Sickness benefit system along with for instance a tax reform, a pension package, a growth plan, a growth package and a comprehensive youth un- employment package. For a brief description of these reforms and initiatives see http://ec.europa.eu/europe2020/pdf/csr2015/nrp2015_denmark_annex1_en.pdf However, in the years to come the demographic changes and an aging population will require continuous political focus on financing and allocation of resources in the Dan- ish public sector. Download 1.6 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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