Course paper theme: problematic issues of translation of grammatical methadological tools

2.2 Translation problems in linguistic and written translation
Since translation is not a natural process, it should only be carried out by qualified translators who are conversant in both the source and destination languages. Understanding both the language and the culture of the two target languages in depth is one of the main difficulties in translation. The rules of the language as well as the customs of the speaker must be thoroughly understood by translators in order to translate between two languages accurately. For example we see some issues in translation “Yulduzli Tunlar” by P.Qodirov [10].
“ Samarqand taxtida o'ltirgan Ko'chkinchixonning elchisi Boburga Samarqandning soyaki mayizlaridan, Konibodomning subxoni o'riklaridan , Buxoroning o'tkir maylaridan , Movoraunnaxrning boshqa nematlaridan , yetti tuyaga sovg'a salom yuklab , yoniga ikki yuzta yaxshi otni ham tortiq qilib ham qo'shib keltirgan edi”[10,347] .
The sentence "from sharp edges" in the work is a clear example of a metaphor. In translation:
And now Kuchkinchi-khan sent seven camels with maize,
excellent sayaki, sweetest dried apricots from Kanibadam, strong and flavored Bukhara wines, rare dishes famous in Maverannahr, and added two hundred good horses.

Here we can translate the phrase "Otkir May" [10,348]in three different ways.

"cute wines, strong wines, and sharp wines" and in this translation, in order to convey the strength of May to the English reader, the original meaning was taken out in the translation. If we give it in the sense of "wines", we would have delivered it directly in the translation.
And one more metaphorical translation:
- When we come to another country and build buildings, they destroy monuments in our country! Will Charkh's sarcasm be more bitter than this, Mawlani?

In the play, the phrase "bitter irony" is used as a metaphor and is translated as follows:

- "We build new palaces and madrasas in another country, and
they destroy theirs there… It’s a bitter turning point, isn’t it,
Mavlyana [10,349]?
Metaphor is preserved in the translation and the method of generalization is also used and these problems occur in translation.
Learning about numerous elements, such linguistic structure, that vary between languages, is a common issue in translation. A simple English sentence, for instance, would have a subject, a verb, and an object, such "She eats chicken." Since Persian does not have this grammar, the subject comes before the verb and then the final object. Subject pronouns are integrated into verbs in Arabic. Because of these variations, translators frequently need to add, modify, or eliminate words in order to speak clearly in the target language.