Edition 2020 Ninth edition
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a6048c931cdc93 TEGOVA EVS 2020 digital
"Excess land" or "surplus land" is not included in the apportionment. Excess land
must be identified and then valued separately on a Market Value basis with any development potential that it may have. If a purchase price of the whole property is to be apportioned, then the value of any excess land must be deducted from the purchase price before apportioning the remainder between land and buildings. The value of any excess land must be reported separately from the value of the operational land. 5. Apportionment in practice 5.1. The use of one or other of the three procedures in 4.5 above depends on the rele- vance and quality of available information. It is unlikely that the first two methods, even where supported by good evidence, will give the same result, as they involve different concepts and the 'value' of the whole property may therefore differ from the sum of its separate parts. If only one of the first two methods is used, valuers will then use their professional judgment to justify the selection and application of the apportionment procedure used and any subsequent adjustment in reaching their final figures. 5.2. Determining the 'value' of the land, then deducting it from the value or price — In many instances valuers will be more comfortable with this approach, as it starts with a valuation of land for a particular purpose, which can sometimes be based on a comparison with other land sales on the market. If no comparables are available, valuers can use a residual or DCF development appraisal, procedures that they will usually be familiar with. 5.3. Again, it is essential to determine the value of the land solely on the basis of the existing use of the property, i.e. the type of property (retail, offices, warehous- ing, etc.) and the existing built floor area. Where the current property is not in its highest and best use, this will often give a land value that is lower than the price that could be obtained if the actual land were sold with vacant possession on the market. However, that higher value should not be used for apportionment purpos- es if the reporting entity proposes continuing the current use, which is generally the theoretical basis on which apportionments are prepared. The exception to this is as per 4.9 where existing use values are not easily determined. 5.4. The land should be valued on the basis of the unimproved site, ignoring the value of any foundations, paved areas, on-site pipework or tanks, etc. as all of these items are generally depreciable. 140 I.B. - EVGN 4: Apportionment of Value between Land and Buildings European Valuation Standards 2020 5.5. Where existing buildings are nearing the end of their useful life, or where major expenditure would be required to bring them back up to modern standards, the land value will often represent a very high proportion of the total value or price to be apportioned. In extreme cases, such as where a developer has bought a prop- erty to demolish it and redevelop the site, the land element may represent close to 100% of the value of the property. High percentages for the land are often seen, for example, with office buildings that were built several decades ago and have not been significantly improved since. This is a logical conclusion of the depreciation process: the buildings have aged considerably and thus the majority of the value is in the land. 5.6. For this reason, valuers should be cautious about adopting 'short cut' methods of apportionment, such as tables that purport to give percentages to be applied to a purchase price per square metre in order to obtain the land value. Such methods often only work correctly for new or very recent properties. 5.7. Determining the 'value' of the buildings, then deducting it from the value or price — This procedure is more often used: • Where there is little or no evidence of values for relevant land; • Under jurisdictions that apply a building tax to the book value of the building; • When dealing with property where there are other owners in the building and where rights of common interest might exist; • When applying the procedure in 4.5, 1 st indent, results in a value of the building that also includes intangible assets or personal property, which may limit the value of the figure so deduced. 5.8. Where the depreciated replacement cost of a building is used, the value to be applied may vary according to whether any consideration has been given to its possible economic obsolescence. Generally speaking, the objective is to reflect the age and suitability of the buildings for their current use — if there is a high degree of obsolescence then the value attributed to the buildings will represent a lower percentage of the total value than would be the case for a more modern property. The choice of percentage deductions for age, obsolescence, etc. is for the valuer to make according to the circumstances of the particular property. 5.9. The presence of other owners in the building, and the existence of common in- terest on their part, should be established as part of the examination of titles and other documentation prior to the completion of the valuation. There might be cases where complications are encountered in defining or ascertaining the rights of the other owners, but it is essential that if common interest exists, its European Valuation Standards 2020 I.B. - EVGN 4: Apportionment of Value between Land and Buildings 141 effect be taken into account. The valuer dealing with an apportionment of value in cases where common interest exists has to judge to what extent, if any, the ap- portionment and the residual amount in particular should be adjusted to allow for that common interest on the part of other owners in the building. When dealing with property where there are other owners in the building, and where rights of common interest might exist, the apportionment of the valuation of the asset for depreciation purposes should be carried out by calculating the net current re- placement cost of the building. 5.10. Calculating both values, then determining the apportioned amounts on a 'pro-ra- ta' basis — Again, the total of the notional land value and the notional building value is often different from the amount that is to be apportioned. In such cases valuers may decide that it is best to apportion the value or price on the basis of a pro-rata calculation based on the values obtained for each of the two elements. This will be a matter for valuers' judgement based on their confidence in each figure and their knowledge of the property and its market. 5.11. Checking and reconciling values before reporting — Again, the apportionment of price or value between land and buildings is a theoretical exercise and not a true valuation. It is rare that the first two approaches Download 1.74 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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