Engineering economy lorie m. Cabanayan francisco d. Cuaresma


CHAPTER III. PRINCIPLES OF MONEY-TIME RELATIONSHIPS


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COMPILED LECTURE IN ENGINEERING ECONOMY

CHAPTER III. PRINCIPLES OF MONEY-TIME RELATIONSHIPS
 
TERMINOLOGIES 
Capital 
– refers to wealth in the form of money or property that can be used to produce more 
wealth. 
The Concept of Time Value of Money 
– “Money makes money”. This is true because if we invest 
money today, by tomorrow we will have accumulated more money that what we had originally 
invested. And also if you borrow money today you will have to pay in the future an amount that is 
larger that what you have originally owed. This change in the amount of money over a given time 
period is called time 
value of money”
Equity capital 
– is owned by individuals who have invested their money or property in a business 
project or venture in the hope of receiving a profit and sometimes in exchange for a share of 
ownership in the company. Equity financing allows a business to obtain funds without incurring 
debt or having to repay a specific amount of money at a particular time.
Debt Capital 
– also called borrowed capital, is represented by funds borrowed by a business that 
must be repaid over a period of time, usually with interest. Debt financing can be either short-term, 
with full repayment due in less than one year, or long-term, with repayment due over a period 
greater than one year.
Return On Capital - measures of how effectively a company uses the money (borrowed or owned) 
invested in its operations. 

Interest - The term "interest" is used to indicate the rent paid for the use of money. It is also used to 
represent the percentage earned by an investment in a productive operation. From the lender's point 
of view, the interest is the income produced by the money which he has lent. From the borrower's 
point of view, interest is the amount of money paid for the use of borrowed capital. The percentage 
of money charge as interest is called as interest rate. 

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