Comments
Activity B3.1: (1) and (3) require the indefinite article; system and father are count
nouns. In (2) advice is a noncount noun, and in (4), though crisis is a count noun, it
is not the head of the noun phrase; management is, and it is noncount.
Activity B3.2: On the first line we think that the television means the system of
entertainment (institutions; use h) above). But on the last line we realise that it is
specific reference to a particular object in the immediate situation.
Activity B3.3: There are several references to a dog. They are (line numbers in
brackets):
a dog (1), a dog (3), a dog (3), a dog (5), him (5), the dog (8)
Notice how the first four mentions keep the indefinite article, because the dog is not
yet established in the story; the first three mentions are questions. It is only with the
fourth mention that the dog becomes established (i.e. has specific reference); it is now
available to be referred to as definite (as the speaker and listener know that they are
talking about the same thing). But in the fifth mention, instead of the definite article,
the definite pronoun him is used. Only after a little gap is the definite article used
with the noun to remind us what is being discussed.
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