F U T U R E T I M E – A S U M M A R Y
219
5. will/shall/’ll
We have noted that the essential characteristic of forms containing
will/shall/’ll is that
they are modal. This means they are essentially grounded in the moment of speaking.
They express ideas which may be paraphrased as ‘given the circumstances I see at the
moment, I consider it is . . . that . . .’.
Both
will and
shall express
the idea of the inevitable connection between two
states, one pertaining at the moment of speaking and a second state. If the inevitable
connection
is a connection in time,
will and
shall refer to Future Time. The expression
of Future Time with
will and
shall differs from the forms discussed above in its con-
centration upon the moment of speaking, Now, and in the speaker’s involvement.
With two of the forms we have considered, the speaker sees the event factually.
With the two others which include aspectual forms, the speaker interprets future
events with reference to purely temporal characteristics. In both the present durative
and
(be) going to forms, the speaker sees something which pre-dates Now as a reason
for the future event. In future forms involving a modal, the emphasis is on the
speaker’s judgment at the moment of speaking.
[. . .]
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