Функциональное питание

Foreword 
Socio-economic and foreign policy transformations taking place 
in Russia have predetermined the emergence of many social prob-
lems that require immediate solutions. Socio-demographic issues are 
among the most important. For Russia, the essential task is the 
preservation of the people, about which M. V. Lomonosov wrote in 
his letter "On the preservation and reproduction of the Russian peo-
ple" (1761). Due to the fact that the annual loss of population reached 
1.5-2 million. in a year, there was a need to develop a program of na-
tional saving, aimed at improving the quality of life of the population, 
achieving material, spiritual and physical well-being of the popula-
tion that currently lives in the Russian Federation. Other states of the 
Eurasian continent face similar problems. 
The researchers note that there are a variety of separate projects 
of socio-demographic nature, but most of them are formed by de-
partmental principle and are aimed only at certain areas of society 
(or the most needy and vulnerable social groups), which limits their 
effectiveness. Among the optimal directions of the long-term socio-
demographic program should include the formation of a unified state 
system of national saving, based on the unification of the activities of 
state bodies and social institutions for the preservation of the Rus-
sian people and covering all social groups and spheres of life of socie-
ty. The system of national saving is aimed at promoting the creation 
of optimal conditions for the socialization and reproduction of the 
population, as well as the planned impact on the quality of life of all 
social groups of the society as a whole and each individual. Improv-
ing the quality of life of the population would greatly contribute to 
the increase in life expectancy and creative activity of the population, 
reduce morbidity, disability, mortality, increase marriage and family 
activity of young people, increase the birth rate. 
The twentieth century has brought new challenges to humanity 
in terms of nutrition and the very biological existence of humanity. 
The way of human life in recent years has changed significantly. Ac-
cordingly, the changes affected the structure of nutrition. People to-
day should receive fewer calories than before, and micronutrients 
(vitamins, minerals, amino acids, enzymes, etc.) as much. 

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Функциональное питание 
13 
The organization of healthy nutrition of modern man is ham-
pered by one of the crises of globalization, namely ― environmental, 
due to the fact that poisons, pesticides, antibiotics and hormones are 
used in agriculture and livestock, in the food industry ― preserva-
tives, nitrates and other substances. The environmental crisis has led 
to the fact that food has largely ceased to meet human needs to en-
sure its normal functioning. 
To solve the actual problem of healthy eating is not easy. Current 
foods from the human diet are not rich in useful nutrients: the mass 
of substitutes, dyes and other economic and technological supple-
ments make up a significant part of the products. Modern man is in-
creasingly difficult to obtain nutrients from ordinary food. Soils are 
becoming poorer, and they are sown with the latest crops that give 
good yields, well stored, well transported, but because of this poor 
nutrients. Often, modern man, to get everything you need from food, 
should not eat less, and more. And as a result, the task of organizing 
a healthy lifestyle, a healthy diet in order to get all the necessary sub-
stances without facing the problem of obesity. To solve the actual 
problem of healthy eating is not easy. Current foods from the human 
diet are not rich in useful nutrients: the mass of substitutes, dyes and 
other economic and technological supplements make up a significant