Grammatical peculiarities of toponyms in the english and uzbek languages

GRAMMATICAL PECULIARITIES OF TOPONYMS IN THE ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER I. THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF LINGUISTIC RESEARCH OF TOPONYMS
1.1. Theories of the appearance of toponyms in the language
1.2. Specific features of toponyms
1.3. Differences of new toponyms from old toponyms and common features
CONCLUSIONS FOR CHAPTER I
CHAPTER II. COMPARATIVE STUDY OF RURAL ELEMENTS IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK TOPONYMY
2.1. Origin and Functional Aspects of English Village Names
2.2. Origin and functional aspects of the names of Khazorasm district villages
2.3. General and specific principles of naming English and Uzbek villages
CONCLUSIONS FOR CHAPTER II
CHAPTER III. LINGUISTIC STUDY OF THE ROLE OF ENGLISH AND UZBEK RURAL TOPONYMS IN CREATING THE LINGUISTIC LANDSCAPE OF THE WORLD
3.1. The role of toponyms with the meaning of English village in creating the universe
3.2. Linguistic study of the place of toponyms from the Uzbek village meaning in creating the linguistic image of the world
3.3. Cross-linguistic linguistic and cultural political analysis of the role of toponyms in creating the linguistic image of the world
CONCLUSIONS FOR CHAPTER III
GENERAL CONCLUSIONS
LIST OF RESOURCES

INTRODUCTION

Relevance of the study. The President of Uzbekistan approved the Action Strategy for the five priority areas of development of Uzbekistan in 2017-2021 by his decree of February 7.
The draft strategy was developed based on the results of a comprehensive study of current issues of concern to residents and entrepreneurs, analysis of legislation, law enforcement practice and foreign experience. The document was published on the Internet and was widely discussed by experts and the public.
The action strategy is implemented in five stages, each of which provides for the approval of a separate one-year state program based on the name of the year. In particular, 2017 was declared the year of communication with the people and human interests.
Toponyms are part of the vocabulary of a language. At the same time, place names are quite different from other lexical layers of the language. This difference is reflected in the longevity of toponyms, their polycomponent, i.e., they consist of many components, and according to the internal laws of each language, related nouns (appellatives) can participate in the creation of toponyms.
Linguistic tools (models) specific to this language are used to create toponyms. But at the same time, each language has its own means of creating toponyms[5.32].
Place names, that is, toponymy, are divided into several types. These are. hydronomy (Greek hydro - water ) , that is , the names of rivers, lakes , seas, streams, canals, bays , straits , waterfalls ; oronymy (from Greek oros - mountain, that is, the names of landforms on the earth's surface - mountains, peaks, hills, valleys, plains; oiko-nymiya (from Greek oikos - house), polynymy (from Greek polis - city) or urbanonomy (Latin urbos - city), i.e. names of villages and towns, microtoponymy (Greek micros - small), i.e. small objects: springs, wells, fields, meadows, groves, ravines, roads, bridges and even the names of some trees with proper nouns. In addition, toponyms named after different peoples, clans and regions are called ethnotoponyms (from Greek ethnos - people). Toponyms with the names of people are called anthropotoponyms (from Greek anthropos - man). possible
The debate about which science should include toponymy continued for a long time.
the study of cities, villages , rivers , lakes, geographical names , their origin and history. This science provides rich scientific material to both linguists and historians . .
Geographical names, that is, toponyms, are a part of the language vocabulary and are subject to language laws. Of course, the word should be studied by linguistics . So, toponymy is a part of onomastics that studies nouns and belongs to linguistic sciences[3.54].
On the other hand, geographical names, as the most important element of the map, reflect the characteristics of the nature of a country or region. From this point of view, toponymy can be included in the list of geographical sciences.
At the same time, place names are closely related to the history of society. How to name places is determined by the needs of society at a certain stage. Doing toponymy without knowing the history of place names will not give the expected result. That is why toponymy is one of the historical sciences.
The work presented in the dissertation research makes it possible to study the national toponymy using an integrated approach.
Theoretical and practical significance of research. The theoretical significance of the dissertation research is determined and its contribution to the theory of language in general, and to the theory of onomastics in particular, is explored. Any toponymic system develops as a result of complex processes. For established directions, such as sociolinguistics, ethnolinguistics, pragmalinguistics, linguoculturology, as well as history, ethnography, cultural studies and toponymy.
The practical significance of the work lies in the possibility of using the results of research in theoretical and preparation of general linguistics, practical courses in lexicology, linguculturalology, linguo-pragmatics and linguistics.
Research news. The first large-scale complex study of the comparative character of regional features was conducted
The methodological basis of the dissertation work was the scientific-theoretical rules developed in local and scientific research. Foreign linguists in the field of onomastics: NN Boldirev, TA Burkova, A. Juchkevich, KM Iriskhanova, VA Nikonov, Yu.A. Karpenko, EM Murzaev, RZ Muryasov, NV Podolskaya, AV Superanskaya, VN Toporov, NI Tolstoy, ON Trubachev, TV Khvesko, etc. Certain problems place names were developed: G. Alexander, AF Artemova, VD Belenkaya, C. Briggs, M. Gelling, J. Jesch, R. Jones, J. Dodgson, C. Cameron, A. Cole, OA Leonovich, AD Mills, A. Mohr, W. Nikolaisen, P. Rini, A. Rum, S. Semple, H. Smith, F. Stanton, W. Watts, J. Fellows-Jensen, C. Hough, E. Ekwall (in the field of British place-names);
Therefore, with the similarity of general features, the English toponymy of each regional variant has its own characteristics (etymological, chronological, motivational, structural and derivative, cultural).
5. The toponymic system of the English language is characterized by: a) appropriately manifested anthropocentric denomination, which is one of the most effective, b) androcentricity, which is manifested in the dominance of the male gender.
The structural structure and volume of the dissertation: the work consists of an introduction, 3 chapters, 9 sections, general conclusions and recommendations, a list of used literature.