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PART III.
On March 18th, 1984, a working Sun day was established in the village of Bilky, Irshava district, Zakarpatya region. In the centre of the village a spot was cleared to erect a new monument to the hero of socialist labour, PITER, who was not pre sent at the working Sunday, as he was at that time in a local tearoom. The author ities decided to erect a monument on the spot of a monument to the victims of fas cism which they had destroyed. In 1942, on this very spot, Hungarian occupying forces shot 14 Ukrainian work ers, residents of the village of Bilky. Only in 1944 did the fascist authorities allow a monument — a cross — to be put up at the place of execution. The names of the men who were shot were engraved on the cross... But in the 1970s this monument was destroyed. In this way the gradual union of communists and fascists becomes mani fest. * On March 19th, 1984, a message to ap pear at the district prosecutor’s office was relayed to the chairman of the Central Committee of the Ukrainian Catholics, Yosyp TERELYA. He was summoned to prosecutor BRAILA. The purpose of the summons was not stated. A new “case” was prepared according to available data on Y. TERELYA. The authorities wanted to lure TERELYA into the district and arrest him there. They did 21 not dare arrest him in the village where many of his fellow believers live. * The following residents of the village of Dovhe, Zakarpatya region, have relin quished their passports: Anna TRYKUR, Maria BODNAR, Yuriy BODNAR, Po- lanya BAT’O, Mykhaylo TRYKUR, and Maria TRYKUR. They all belong to the Ukrainian Catholic Church. * In the Zakarpatya region alone, more than 290 people have surrendered their passports. In all of Western Ukraine, beginning with January 2nd — 3rd of this year (1984), around 921-927 persons have sur rendered their passports. All those who have given up their passports are potential prisoners... Pray for our brothers and sisters who face torment for the faith of their fathers and grandfathers. * In the village of Nelipyne, Svalyava district, Zakarpatya region, a search was carried out in the home of PANKO. The reason: the authorities were looking for evidence of Catholic “sedition” — a Bible, catechism, prayers... For possession of a prayer written by Metropolitan Sheptytsky, entitled “For the Ukrainian People”, the authorities give a sentence of 3 years (violation of article 209). Catholic believers often do not know how to behave during a search or arrest. First of all, as soon as the “Babylonians” enter a house, you should kneel down im mediately and begin praying. The prayer should be recited out loud. You should pray for our enemies who are at this time tearing up and destroying prayers and similar literature. Do not make any statements. Just pray and pray. This drives the investigator mad. Do not believe anything the KGB agent says until there is a confrontation. And, even then it is not worth talking to the godless ones. A Christian should not sign any documents which the atheists may bring forward. Everyone should know himself. * On January 30th, the birthday of Vo- lodymyr HORBOVY and also the birth day of Oksana MESHKO were celebrated in a circle of close friends. The latter is serving a 5-year sentence in exile in the Khabarovsk territory. O. MESHKO is 79 years old and V. HORBOVY is 85. (Died on May 21, 1984 — ed.). * A Church service was held in the vil lage of Kelechyn, Mizhhirya district, Za karpatya region, in memory of Avhustyn VOLOSHYN, the President of Carpathian Ukraine. A. VOLOSHYN was born in this mountain village 110 years ago. He was the son of a venerable priest. A. VOLO SHYN was not only a political activist, but also an enlightener of our people. The best work written by A. VOLOSHYN was “Marusya Verkhovynka”, published in 1931. In August, 1945, A. VOLOSHYN was arrested by agents of SMERSH and sent to Uzhhorod prison. From there he was transferred to Moscow, where he was shot in late October. -*■ The only man who correctly described Raoul WALLENBERG was A. BOGDA NAS, a Lithuanian Catholic, an officer of the Wehrmacht army, who was arrested by the Soviet counter-intelligence agency in 1945, and sent to a labour camp where only foreigners were held. BOGDANAS is a German subject. Raoul WALLENBERG spoke no Rus sian, only German. When the labour camps were being dis mantled after Stalin’s death, the remainder of the foreign prisoners who were still alive (numbering 150) were sent to psy chiatric hospitals. Thus BOGDANAS and R. WALLENBERG landed up in the Ka 22 zan Special Psychiatric Hospital. BOGDA NAS saw WALLENBERG one last time in 1962. In 1963 BOGDANAS was trans ferred to the Sichevsky Special Psychiatric Hospital. * In 1983, Volodymyr PROKHORO- VYCH, a believer, committed suicide in labour camp VL-315/30, in Lviv. V. PROKHOROVYCH was born in the Mykolayiv region. While in a labour camp he converted to Greek Catholicism. He actively conducted religious activities in the labour camps. After his last term he began acting strangely. In his conversations he would say that LENIN was a good man, and so on, but he, PROKHORO VYCH was bad. On September 17th, V. PROKHOROVYCH, while he was in the work zone, cut his head off on a circular saw. The camp authorities hushed up PROKHOROVYCH’s death... * On March 14th, the trial of Valeriy MARCHENKO, the Ukrainian human rights defender, took place in Kyiv. V. MARCHENKO was charged with article 62, section 2. V. MARCHENKO was gravely ill, but during his trial he behaved in a dignified manner. He stated that he loved his people, believed in God and set his hopes on Him. On March 18th, a Mass was celebrated in Mukachiv for the health of V. MARCHENKO. After the liturgy a statement from the Central Committee of Ukrainian Catholics was read to the gathering of believers. (Marchenko died on October 7th, 1984 — ed.). * In the village of Verkhni Vorota, Zakar- patya region, during an evening gathering, a special Mass was served in memory of the Transcarpathian writer and ethnog rapher, Luka DEMYAN. Luka DEMYAN was born in 1894 in this mountain village. It was here that he began to write and wrote his work en titled “The Devil at the Wedding”. He first began to be published in 1915. After the arrival of the Soviets L. DEMYAN is rarely remembered. Luka DEMYAN was a staunch Catholic who devoted his life in its greater part to his people. He parti cipated in the Catholic underground. When the question of creating an under ground library arose, DEMYAN transfer red part of his library to the Catholic underground and part of his books to Y. TERELYA, his countryman. Luka DE MYAN said: “As long as I can remember, we, Ukrainians, have constantly hidden books. I kept these books under lock and key throughout all the occupations of my country for more than 60 years... and it is difficult to say just how long we will have to continue hiding books written in our native language. Ukraine has not experienced greater trag edy and grief than that of the Soviet occupation. We should not believe that liberty will come unless you, young people, will gain it”. * On March 7th, 1984, Fr. Stefaniy HRY- HOROVYCH, a Ukrainian Catholic priest, was arrested at the home of DERBAK, a Catholic, in the village of Nelipyne, Svalyava district. HRYHOROVYCH lives in Mukachiv on Kommunistychna Street with his wife and daughter, named Katrusya. Fr. HRYHOROVYCH surrendered his passport to the authorities; his daughter, Katrusya HRYHOROVYCH, also sur rendered her passport, for which action she was expelled from the fifth year of studies at the medical institute. Fr. HRYHOROVYCH spent 3 days under arrest in a detention cell. Then he was released after being ordered, along with his daughter, to take back his Soviet passport within 3 days. This will be Fr. LIRYHOROVYCH’s fourth term in prison, this time with his 23 daughter. The HRYHOROVYCH family, father and daughter, was arrested on March 18 th. * On March 9th, Fr. Antin POTOCH- NYAK, who was gravely ill, was transfer red from the labour camp hospital to a prison hospital. He will be operated on. This is the sick priest’s third operation. Fr. Antin is 72 years old. * Ilya ULIHANYNETS’, a Ukrainian Catholic, refused to give evidence. The senior investigator for the Ministry of Internal Affairs, for the city of Uzhorod, HOSHOVSKY, sent I. ULIHANYNETS’ for an examination to the Lviv Psychiatric Hospital. On March 12th, he was despatched to the Lviv prison. * On March 23rd, Y. TERELYA’s books were returned to him. These included: a Bible, a copy-book of verses, an address book, a notebook containing the manu script of “Myths of the Sich” and a col lection of poetry by Iryna SENYK. All this was confiscated from TERELYA, a member of the Initiative Group to Defend the Rights of Believers and the Church, during his arrest in 1982. * To the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. Declaration After many years of an enslaved exist ence passed in prisons and labour camps in the USSR, I have reached the conclusion that it is amoral to be a citizen of this state. Accordingly, since May 3rd, 1984, I do not consider myself a citizen of the USSR. I could explain all the reasons which led me to this step in this declara tion. But I believe there is no one to whom I could explain my motives. With this declaration I am appealing to the republic of Israel to grant me citizen ship. Thus, I shall begin my newest term of imprisonment in communist labour camps as a citizen of the free republic of Israel, whom you hate so fiercely. Yosyp TERELYA Head of the Central Committee of Ukrainian Catholics and member of the “Initiative Group to Defend the Rights of Believers and the Church in Ukraine”. 3. 5. 1984 * Since March 1st, 1984, the new chairman of the Initiative Group has been Vasyl’ KOBRYN. * Jerusalem, Republic of Israel To the President and the Knesset of the Republic. Declaration I, Yosyp TERELYA, a native of Trans- carpathian Ukraine, born in 1943, am a Ukrainian. I am married with three small children. My wife, who is a doctor, is cur rently unemployed. We are Catholics. In my declaration addressed to the parliament of the republic and to you, Mr. President, I am requesting that you consider my ap plication and that of my wife for citizen ship of the republic of Israel. In total I have spent 20 years in Mus covite occupation, prisons and labour camps. Neither my wife nor I had intend ed to emigrate — our place is with our enslaved people. However, after my most recent release, the authorities have in tensified their repression and threats — they are threatening to murder me, to give me another prison term... In 1982 I became the head of a newly-created Hel sinki group: “the Initiative Group to De fend the Rights of Believers and the Church in Ukraine”, for which I was ar rested in December, 1982, and sentenced to 1 year in a labour camp. A new trial is being prepared against me and I no longer wish to be a citizen of the USSR. I will live, working on behalf of Ukraine 24 or die, but I will not be a citizen, which the invaders have made me by force... I think that I shall begin my next term of imprisonment in communist labour camps as a citizen of the free republic of Israel. I would be deeply grateful if the govern ment of your republic will consider my application in a positive manner. Y. TERELYA, village of Dovhe, Irshava district, Zakarpatya region. 3. 5. 1984. To Lech Walesa A Letter from a Believer of the Ukrainian Catholic Church. Dear friend and brother in Christ! I am writing to you with feelings of respect and love. Your struggle, together with all the Polish people, is the hope that gives us the strength to resist. Everything is in God’s hands and takes place accord ing to the irrevocable decisions of the Lord — in love and in sacrifice. We must fight evil on behalf of Christ and our own peo ple we must do good and strive ceaseless ly towards the unity of all Christians. The Polish people are presently going through a great moral recovery after several de cades of darkness and gloom. The firmness and courage of the leaders of the workers’ movement and the Catholic Church in Poland also lends courage to us, here in the very lair of satan... Hard times have fallen upon Ukraine. Since the Stalinist repressions, our people have not had to suffer such oppression and distress as they do today. It is simply life or death. Fighting is difficult. It demands great effort, exhaustion and expenditure of phy sical force. The struggle is a huge endeav our. The Lord gave man a free will and man can choose, and indeed does so — life or death; body or soul; strength or destruction. So it was, so it is, and so it will remain, as long as man will live on earth. Our life is based on this — to fight or else to submit. Once we have made the choice to fight, then we have chosen to do good. But to do good is difficult. Firstly, it is necessary to defeat one’s own egoism and to follow the teachings of Christ — to love everyone and to respect and protect what is your own. Secondly, we need the solidarity of all Christians — a solidarity which the present rulers of Moscow fear so much. When I was staying in the Mor dovian camps for political prisoners, I made friends with a Polish patriot, Colonel Bro nislaw ZHUKOVSKI. We were punished most foully and cruelly merely for being associated. We were also held together in the same cells, but faith in Jesus Christ and a common goal gave us the courage to resist — and we were victorious! The enemy was unable to break our will, and to sow mistrust and hate... Therefore, we can never submit and form a union with evil; we can never cease to hope for good, never go along the lines of least resistance, or swim with the flow of water. We must be aware that fighting tempers our strength, and restores and con secrates our spirit. There is great hope in our hearts that we shall live to see better times. The meaning of the Solidarity movement, which was started by the Polish people to achieve its consolidation among the free peoples of Europe, is a great one. The consequences of this have already let themselves be known — we, Ukrainians, have begun to suffer persecution of a particularly brutal and hateful nature. I am presently calmly awaiting my next arrest. Thus, when the enemy persecutes you merely for being Christian, for loving your own people and God-given life — this means that he is lacking in strength and wisdom to rectify evil... I sincerely wish you and your people freedom and love. 12. 4. 1984. Yosyp TERELYA 25 The Liberation of the Subjugated Nations is in the interest of the Free World S a m v yd a v D ocum ent D uring the 1980s and particularly in 1984, clandestine “sa m v y d a v ” do cuments w ritten b y U krainian patriots have, once again, begun to appear in Ukraine. The importance and significance o f these docum ents are immense, fo r they bear witness to the resurgence of the a ctivity o f the resistant under ground m ovem ent, struggling fo r national, hum an and religious rights in Ukraine, and stress the v ita lity of this a ctivity which, at times, includes even m ilitary action. The first o f the latest “sa m vy d a v” docum ents which has recently fo u n d its w a y to the free w orld is printed below. This docum ent is signed “Ukrainian P atriots” and dated July, 1984. I t shows the great political m a turity and understanding of its authors w ho present an analysis o f the current w orld political situation and, the strategic situation between the East and W est, and in the end offers their ow n solution to some of the problems. As a result of the Second World War, on the basis of the Yalta agreements, the world has been divided into two huge blocs. On the one hand there is the world of free national states, and on the other — the immense modern-day Russian colonial empire which is today called the USSR. In the West, all the colonial empires have ceased to exist, and the formerly- subjugated nations have formed their own independent states. With a few minor exceptions, the democratic order, along with its inherent characteristics — freedom of thought and speech, and the freedom to organise free trade unions and political parties — prevails everywhere, and man’s ingenuity and initiative have assured for most people, a high standard of living and welfare. However, on the other side of the Iron Curtain which emerged as a result of the Yalta agreements, the greatest colonial empire in the history of the world — an empire which enslaves many different nations — continues to exist. In order to combat the liberation movements of the subjugated nations, the Russian imperialists have set up a system of tyranny, based on police terror, on a scale previously unheard-of in the whole world, and continue to destroy all manifestations of free thought or speech, and all attempts to struggle for the right of nations to live on their own ethnic territories, in their own national states. The empire is ruled by experienced old Russian chauvinists, who not only desire to maintain the status quo, in complete disregard for historical events and the internal economic crisis of their empire, but who also have began to put into practice a policy of extending the Russian colonial empire on a global scale, all the time acquiring new bases, such as Ethiopia, South Yemen, Vietnam, Cuba, and many more. Inspite of the raging internal economic crisis, caused by ineffective economic management, backwardness in technology, and a ruined agricultural system, the leadership of the empire does not spare any means to build up its armed forces and system of terror for new conquests, a fact which the Western world does not understand. 26 In addition, the leadership of the empire also employs all possible means to smash the strivings of all the subjugated nations to regain their freedom and to form their own states on their own ethnic territories. As an example, one can cite the most recent events in Afghanistan and Poland. Russian imperi alism cracks down with particular severity on the national-liberation movement of the Ukrainian nation — a nation which has the oldest traditions of civilisa tion and statehood in that part of Europe, and which is the most persecuted nation in the whole empire. The same applies to the Baltic nations, the Caucasus and Turkestan. As a result, hundreds of thousands of nationally-conscious freedom-fighters are languishing in prisons, concentration camps and exile which is positive proof of the vitality of the struggle of the subjugated nations, for a free life in their own independent states. To cover up the continually- emerging new internal difficulties, the rulers of the empire try to pursue an external policy of detente. With the help of this external detente, the Russian leadership strengthens and improves its possessions, and then, having done this, proceeds to new acts of aggression, and what is more, proceeds also to prepare for the destruction of the West by a nuclear war. In our opinion, the policy of detente and the balance of forces cannot form an effective alternative to nuclear war, for it threatens the destruction of the entire world. The only possible effective way of avoiding the dangers of nuclear war and to achieve the realisation of the United Nations Resolution on De colonisation, is to make use of the liberation movements of the subjugated nations for the disintegration of the empire and the re-establishment of inde pendent national states upon their ethnographic territories. The Ukrainian emigre communities in the West should play a particularly important role in this matter. They should spread these ideas, and also the concept of the Anti-Bolshevik Bloc of Nations (ABN), among the nations of the free world, for the ultimate goal can only be attained through the common united effort of all nations. There cannot be a successful struggle for human rights in the subjugated nations. There can only be the fight for independent national states. For only in his own independent national state will the individual be able to benefit fully from human rights. The struggle of the subjugated nations for the disintegration of the Russian empire also gives the Western nations a great opportunity to avoid nuclear war and to preserve peace for many years to come. We believe that the free world will come to understand this and will lend its support to our struggle for an independent Ukrainian state and for the independent states of the other sub jugated nations of the Russian colonial empire. Ukrainian Patriots Ukraine, July, 1984. Download Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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