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- August 2nd, 1985. Former prisoners of the Gulag, N ina Strokata Sviatoslav K aravanskyi. 16
- Report of Psychologist and Handwriting Expert
Press Statement To comment on anything printed in Visti z Ukrainy is like trying to explain to an inveterate thief the immorality of appropriating someone else’s possessions. But in order to put an end to misjudge ments we have to make a few comments. The article “Prozrinnia” (“Enlighten ment”), published in No. 28 of Visti z Ukrainy, for July, 1985, testifies to a new period in the “work” of this work shop of forgeries. This period began with the publication in a KGB leaflet of a fictitious interview with the Ukrainian political prisoner, Ivan Sokulskyi, during which the latter allegedly repented before the KGB. In addition to the fact that this “interview” was not discovered to be fictitious, this method passed the test and the next step was the article “Prozrinnia”. (It was typical that the fictitious report about Sokulskyi and the fictitious report about Yu. Shukhevych were both made public under the same title — "Prozrin nia”). The latter article is a manoeuvre to bring to a halt the campaign in defence of Yu. Shukhevych in the West. We are absolutely certain that the excerpts of the “recantation” allegedly written by the hand of Yu. Shukhevych, are a forgery, and we warn the Ukrainian community about this. (To explain our considera tions in detail would only teach the KGB how to make forgeries without mistakes). August 2nd, 1985. Former prisoners of the Gulag, N ina Strokata Sviatoslav K aravanskyi. 16 Ukrainian students demonstrate for the release of Yuriy Shukbevych in Washington D.C., March 29, 1985 Report of Psychologist and Handwriting Expert Munich, August 7, 1985 — The following was issued by the “USSR News Brief”: In the 28th issue of the magazine Visti z Ukrainy (News From Ukraine), which is published in the USSR for foreign readers, an article is printed under the title of “Enlightenment”. The article con tains excerpts from a letter allegedly written by Yuriy Shukhevych and sent to the editors. In this letter Shukhevych repudiates all “nationalistic activities” and condemns his past. The editors claim that the letter was written by Shukhevych himself and the article contains a facsi mile of the original, handwritten letter. Yuriy Shukhevych is the son of a Ukrainian national hero, General Roman Shukhevych, one of the leaders of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army. Yuriy has been arrested four times for "nationalistic” activities and has been sentenced to a total of 31 years of prison camps and 5 years of internal exile. While serving his last term in prison, he practically went blind. At the present time he is in exile in Siberia. “USSR News Brief” is in the possession of a letter written from exile by Yuriy Shukhevych already after the deterioration of his sight. The handwriting of this letter is so divergent from the facsimile hand writing published in Visti z Ukrainy that doubts arose that both letters were written by the same person. Thus, “USSR News Brief” consulted Mrs. Stuhlmann- Kortin, a psychologist and handwriting expert. Mrs. Stuhlmann-Kortin examined the original letter written by Y. Shukhe vych and four copies of the facsimile in the article. We could not exclude that Y. Shukhevych underwent an operation on his eyes between the writing of these two letters, possibly as a payment for the repudiation of his convictions. So, the second question for the expert to answer was: Is it possible for the operation to have affected the handwriting as much? The expert’s findings are as follows: "It is questioned, whether the original handwriting (sample “A ”) is identical to the facsimile handwriting (samples 1, 2, 3, 4). Assuming that the author of sample “A ” underwent an exceptionally success ful eye operation shortly before he com pletely lost his sight, it is hardly possible that his sight could have improved so distinctly to enable him to write samples 1-4. Sample “A” is too disturbed for this. Ignoring the vitality expressed in samples 1-4 (Sample “A ” is much more subtle), the shape of the letters in both samples is so distinct that it is most unlikely for 17 Ukrainian Catholic Rights Leader, Yosyp Terelya, Sentenced To 12 Years The International Society for Human Rights in Frankfurt and Keston College have reported that Yosyp Terelya, one of the founders of the Action Group for the Defense of the Rights of Believers and the Church in Ukraine and its first chairman, has been sentenced to a term of seven years in the camps and five years of internal exile. The sentence was handed down on August 20 by an Uzhorod court in the Zakarpatya Oblast.1 Terelya, who will be forty-two next month, has been a central figure in the underground Ukrainian Catholic (Uniate) Church, which was banned by the Soviet authorities in 1946. The Ukrainian Uniates are said to number approximately four million and constitute the largest single banned religious group in the Soviet Union.2 During the past several years there has been a marked increase in the activism of Ukrainian Catholics centered in the western regions of the Ukrainian SSR. Thus, in September, 1982, Terelya and four others formed the Action Group. In early 1984, the Ac tion Group began to issue a samizdat journal, The Chronicle of the Catholic Church in Ukraine. Thus far nine issues of the journal have reached the West. Simultaneously, the first issue of The Ukrainian Catholic Herald made its ap pearance. Although the Herald is not identified as an organ of the Action Group, there is no doubt that it has its origins in the same circle of activists as the Chronicle. The authorities reacted to the forma- both letters to have had one author.” — Katarina Stuhlmann-Kortin, psychologist — handwriting expert. Thus, we have reason to believe that the "confession” of Yuriy Shukhevych is a forgery of the Soviet authorities. tion of the Action Group by arresting Te relya in December, 1982 for “parasitism”, and on April 12, 1983, he was tried and sentenced to a term of one year in a strict-regime camp.3 Following his release in December, 1983, attempts were made to enter into a dialogue with the Ukrain ian Catholic activists, but to no avail. Terelya was arrested again on February 8, 1985, and charged with “anti-Soviet agita tion and propaganda”. Initially held in a prison in Uzhorod, Terelya was transfer red to Lviv where, in mid-March, he was subjected to a psychiatric examination and then returned to Uzhorod to stand trial.4 Terelya has a long history of conflict with the regime. In his 1976 letter to the then KGB chief Yuriy Andropov, Terelya wrote that he had been hounded by the authorities because of his national con sciousness and religious beliefs already as a schoolboy: “By 1961, after having completed construction school, I was already on the “register”, paying semi-weekly visits to the Office of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Ukr.SSR, 15 Korolenko St., Room 7. In 1962 I was sentenced under Article 222, Sec. 2, and Article 223, Sec. 2, to four years in a corrective labor camp. On January 4, 1963, I fled from Uzhorod Prison No. 128-72; I was caught. Another trial, another sentence — five years in a severe-regime corrective labor camp — and, as Colonel Bilyj of the re gional KGB warned me, “One more time and you won’t weasel out of it...” I fled again in 1965, this time from Camp No. 128-59 in Pishchanka. In 1966, KGB of ficials told my mother that “if Yosyp gives up and repents, all will be forgiven, for aside from escaping, he did not com mit any crime”. On February 28, 1966, I appeared to repent at the regional office of the KGB in Luhansk (Voroshylovo- 18 hrad). You know very well how repent ance is received. First, you report on all who interest the KGB, then the repentance and repudiation of “the Past”. It is neces sary to renounce everything. “Take off that crucifix! What kind of repentance is this?...”1 2 3 4 5 * Terelya had already spent fourteen years in various camps, prisons, and psychiatric institutions when he was placed in a psychiatric hospital in Vynnytsya on November 2, 1976. Within about three weeks he was pronounced sane and releas ed with a warning that he would be held accountable for his actions. On April 28, 1977, Terelya was once again confined in a psychiatric hospital, this time in Berehovo in the Zakarpattya Oblast. He escaped on May 19, was cap tured in Ivano-Frankivsk on June 2, and on June 21 the Berehovo Rayon court ordered his transfer to the Dnipropetrovsk Special Psychiatric Hospital. It was only in November, 1981 that news reached the West that Terelya had been released, only to be rearrested again soon after the for mation of the Action Group in 1982.° Terelya’s trial follows that of Vasyl Kobryn, who had succeeded Terelya as chairman of the Action Group. Kobryn was arrested on November 11, 1984, and on March 22, 1985, he was sentenced to a term of three years in a general-regime camp for “anti-Soviet slander” (Article 187 of the Criminal Code of the Ukrain ian SSR). Another founding member of the Action Group, the eighty-five year- old priest Hryhoriy Budzins’kyj, was re ported to have been detained in late October, 1984, and forcibly held incom municado in a hospital for more than six weeks. Budzins’kyj is the secretary of the Action Group. According to a published report of Kobryn’s trial that appeared in a local Lviv newspaper, Budzins’kyj was summoned as a witness at the trial. The same report states that no action has been taken against Budzins’kyj because of his advanced age.7 The incarceration of Terelya has de prived the Uniate activists of a very energetic organizer and outspoken critic of the regime’s policies vis-a-vis the sup pressed Ukrainian Catholic Church. How ever, judging by the persistent onslaught of so-called atheist literature directed at the Uniates, one can conclude that the authorities in Kyiv by no means feel confident that they have solved the prob lem posed by the “non-existent” Ukrain ian Catholics in the USSR. Roman Solchanyk, Radio Liberty Press Release Munich, September 3, 1985 1 International Society for Human Rights and Keston College press releases, September 2, 1985. See also Die Welt, August 29, 1985. 2 On the Ukrainian Catholics in the USSR, see Ivan Hvat, “The Ukrainian Catholic Church, the Vatican and the Soviet Union during the Pontificate of Pope John Paul I I ” Religion in Com munist Lands, Vol. 11, No. 3, Winter, 1983, pp. 264-294; Vasyl Markus, “Re ligion and Nationalism in Ukraine,” in Pedro Ramet, ed., Religion and National ism in Soviet and East European Politics, Durham, N.C., Duke University Press, 1984, pp. 59-80; and Bohdan R. Bociur- kiw, “Institutional Religion and Nation ality in the Soviet Union,” in S. Enders Wimbush, ed., Soviet Nationalities in Strategic Perspective, London & Sydney, Croom Helm, 1985, pp. 188-190 and 195-196. 3 RL 168/85, “Authorities Move Against Ukrainian Catholic (Uniate) Activists,” May 22, 1985. 4 Vesti iz SSSR /U SSR News Brief, 1985, No. 14, July 31, 1985. 5 Yosyp Terelya, Notes from a Mad house, tr. and ed. by Bohdan Yasen, Baltimore-Washington-Toronto, Smolo- skyp Publishers, 1977, p. 2. 0 RL 168/85. 7 RL 280/85, “Lvovskaya pravda on the Trial of the Ukrainian Catholic Ac tivist Vasyl’ Kobryn,” August 29, 1985. 19 CHURCH FALLS DOWN AFTER “RESTORATION” The Church of St. Mykola Prytysko in K yiv, Ukraine, after “restoration” in 1984. News from Ukraine has revealed that the Church of St. Mykola (Nicholas) Pry tysko, one of the oldest surviving archi tectural monuments in the capital of Ukraine, Kyiv, fell to the ground after “restoration”. In 1983, the church was being “restored” in connection with the celebration of the “1500th anniversary of Kyiv”, arranged by the Soviet Russians and depicting Ukrainian history through the eyes of the Russians. When the scaf folding was removed in 1984, the church fell to the ground as a result of the “res toration”. The question is how could this church just simply fall down (especially after “restoration”)? What were the super visors and workmen paying attention to? This could surely not have been an ac cident, but a deliberate step to destroy one of Ukraine’s historic relics. In this way, the Soviet Russians delib erately destroy Ukrainian historical and cultural monuments, irrespective of the fact that there exists a society for the preservation of such monuments in Ukraine, and of the fact that historical monuments are protected by the Constitu tion of the USSR (Art. 27) and by the law of the Ukrainian SSR. Over the years, the press in Ukraine has written many times about the careless and irresponsible treatment of Ukrain ian historical and cultural monuments by institutions and organisations responsible for their preservation. This goes hand in hand with the policy of the Soviet Rus sian authorities to deliberately destroy Ukrainian historical and cultural relics in order to wipe away all traces of Ukraine’s past development independent of Russia and its ancient historic existence as a separate nation. The Church of St. Mykola Prytysko was built in 1631. It was one of the first single-cupola stone churches to be built on the banks of the Dnipro River. Ukrainian Central Information Service, July 22, 1985 20 Chronicle of the Catholic Church in Ukraine p a r t v The Catholic church in the village of Mereshiv, Peremyshlyany district, Lviv region, was closed because the villagers did not accept a Russian priest. There is nothing in the law which states that only a priest, and a Russian Orthodox priest at that, has the right to conduct services in a church. The church was closed in 1983. 9k In 1984, the functioning church in the village of Kemeriv, Peremyshlyany dis trict, was closed on the same grounds. An undertaker’s establishment was opened up in the church. 9k On 23 May, 1984, in the town of Bibrka, the functioning church of the local Ukrainian Catholics was destroyed on the grounds that they did not accept a Russian priest. That day, a motor vehicle full of soldiers arrived outside the church and in 15 minutes there was nothing left of the church. The books, icons and ban ners, and all the other church property were completely destroyed. 9k On Easter Day, in the village ofTuchne, district of Peremyshlyany, the public prosecutor of the district, Kovalchuk, drove around the village with a mob of militia. They forced their way into houses and if the people in the house were list ening to the Holy Mass broadcast from the Vatican, then he personally switched off their radio and threatened the owners with deportation to Siberia. If this were to happen, who would be left in the vil lage? The faithful lackeys of the Muscovite occupants, the local communists, were leaping out of their skin to earn Judas’ silver pieces. But one should not forget that it does not matter in the slightest to the occupants, whom they destroy first. Having destroyed the Ukrainian Catholic Church, they will turn on the local com munists. This has happened before... 9k In the village of Velyki Komyaty, a search was carried out in the house of Ivancho Vasylyna, a Catholic. A Catholic catechism, a Bible and a prayer book "For All Needs” were taken away. After the search, Vasylyna Ivancho was taken to the district town of Vynohradiv. * The Catholic believer, Petro Symko, is gravely ill. He has gone blind and is chained to his bed by a serious illness. Pray for brother Symko! In the past, Petro Symko was one of the greatest ac tivists of the Catholic underground in Ukraine. Pray every day and at all times of need for our courageous brother. 9k On 30th May, the relatives of Fr. Antin Potochnyak received a telegram informing them of Fr. A ntin’s death or, to be more precise, of his murder. 9k In the village of Hrusheve, Tyachivskyi district, Zakarpatska region, M. Myku- lyanych, a Jehovah’s Witness, was ar rested. He was accused on the basis of Art. 209-1 of the Criminal Code of the Ukrainian SSR. During a search, a Bible and several issues of the magazine "Watchtower” and “Awake” were con fiscated. His trial took place at the end of March and he was sentenced to 3 years of concentration camps. 9k In the village of Teresva, Tyachivskyi district, the rural worker, Ivan Zyza, was arrested for returning his passport to the authorities stating that he refused to have anything in common with the authorities of Satan. I. Zyza is one of the Catholics 21 who returned from “penitence”. During the inquest a KGB man said to Zyza: “It would have been better had you remained the way you were. We wouldn’t have to put you on trial...” Zyza was sentenced to two years of concentration camps. On the third day after his arrival in the concentration camp at Pischanka, Ivan Zyza was confined to a punishment cell. In the village of Tereblya, Tyachivskyi district, Ivan Roman, who worked for the forestry commission, was arrested. He was accused of membership of the Church of the Evangelical Christians — Baptists, according to Art. 138-1 of the Criminal Code of the Ukrainian SSR. His trial took place in February, 1984. Case No. 3-1, 1984. DECISION 27th February, 1984. The People’s District Court of Stryi, Lviv region, composed of the following: Presiding judge — Mamchur Ya. S. People’s assessors — Ratych M. M., Yunyk S. M. Secretary — Yurkiv O. P. in the presence of the public prosecutor — Ya- roshchak P. V. and the attorney — Matsy- pura H. I. examined at an open hearing in the town of Stryi, the proposal sub mitted by the administrative staff of the Berezhnytskyi inter-district psychiatric hospital of the Stryi district, Lviv region, to change the type of psychiatric hospital for Rafalskyi Viktor Parfentiyevych, born in 1918, who is ill. He was charged ac cording to Art. 62-1 of the Criminal Code of the Ukrainian SSR by the decision of 5th March, 1981, of the People’s District Court of Sychevsk, Smolensk region, and directed to undergo treatment at a general psychiatric hospital. DECISION The administration of the psychiatric hospital has asked that the type of me dical treatment administered on Rafalskyi V. P. be changed from compulsory treat ment in a general psychiatric hospital to compulsory treatment in a special psy chiatric hospital, due to a deterioration in his condition. At the end of January, 1983, he escaped from the hospital and was apprehended in Moscow. After his return t o ' the hospital, on 17. 3. 1983, his mental state failed to improve. He needs constant attention so that he does not repeat his socially-dangerous actions again. This is rather difficult to do in the conditions of a general psychiatric hospital. From the conclusions drawn by the fixed legal-psychiatric commission No. 48 of 1. 2. 1984, it is obvious that Ra falskyi V. P. is suffering from mental illness in the form of schizophrenia with a pronounced defect in his will and emo tions. The characteristics of the course of his illness and the nature of the dangerous acts which he has repeatedly committed, indicate the necessity, in this case, of administering compulsory medical treatment on the ill Rafalskyi V. P., in a special hospital in the MVD1 system. Having examined the gathered evid ence, poems written in a state of schizo phrenic delirium, various expressions cri ticising the CPSU and the conclusions of the public prosecutor and the defending attorney, the court sees it necessary to ad minister compulsory treatment on Ra falskyi in a special psychiatric hospital, and therefore, on the basis of the above evidence, and also due to the fact that in the conditions of a special psychiatric hospital it will not be possible for him to commit his next socially-dangerous crime, in accordance with Art. 13 of the Criminal Code of the Ukrainian SSR and Art. 422 of the Criminal Procedural Code of the Ukrainian SSR, the court has de cided to: Change the type of compulsory treat ment administered on Rafalskyi V. P. Download Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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