Index and Concordance to Alexander Vassiliev’s Notebooks and Soviet Cables Deciphered by the National Security Agency’s Venona Project
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Venona USA GRU, 12, 19, 21, 94, 164; Venona USA Naval GRU, , 16, 27, 56, 62, 80, 83, 93, 95, 122, 139, 147, 164, 195, 213, 226, 230, 233–34, 252, 261, 263, 311, 320–211, 324, 328, 331–32, 336, 354, 360, 380, 382, 385; Venona USA Trade, 10, 12, 14, 16–17, 21, 23, 25, 27. As “Store”:
105. As STORE [MAGAZIN]: Venona New York KGB 1944, 35, 50, 72, 180, 185, 240–41, 290, 308–9, 334, 342–43, 350–51, 380–82, 394–95, 406–7, 419–20, 434–35, 442, 481–82, 597–98, 631–32, 634–35, 747, 754–55, 777–78; Venona New York KGB 1945, 29; Venona San Francisco KGB, 2–3, 41, 44, 75, 77, 148, 167, 179–8, 305.
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Soviet Information Bureau (Sovinformburo): Soviet foreign information and propaganda agency. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 74; Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 43–44. Soviet Naval intelligence: See Naval GRU. Soviet Review: likely a confusion with the journal Soviet Russia Today. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #2, 1. Soviet Russia Today (SRT): A pro-Soviet journal. Vassiliev Odd Pages, 34; Vassiliev White Notebook #3, 44–45, 84, 96; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 20. Sovinformburo: Soviet Information Bureau. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 7; Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 43–44.
Sovnarkhoz: Council of the National Economy. Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 122. Sovnarkom: Sovet narodnykh komissarov (SNK) — Council of People’s Commissars of the USSR. Vassiliev Odd Pages, 3, 5; Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 101; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 51. Soyuzbumaga: All-Union Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry. Vassiliev Odd Pages, 3. Soyuzintorgkino: Soviet agency that distributed Soviet films abroad and obtained foreign films for Soviet distribution. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 44; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #3, 31. Soyuzneft: All-Union Association of the Oil and Gas Industry. Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 155;
Sozykin, Fedor: Soviet ship crew. Venona San Francisco KGB, 98. “Spa” [Kurort] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): U.S. military intelligence. Vassiliev White
SPA [KURORT]: U.S. military intelligence. Venona New York KGB 1943, 5. Spaatz, Carl: Senior American Army Air Corps and USAF general. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #3, 29, 47.
Spain and the Spanish: Vassiliev Black Notebook, 31, 34, 89, 98, 102, 120, 152, 168, 181; Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 2, 7, 38, 49, 61, 82, 90, 112–13, 125, 140–43; Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 1–3, 13, 19, 41, 50, 72–73, 123–124, 135, 138–39; Vassiliev White Notebook #3, 62, 113, 120, 128, 134; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 87; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #2, 7, 9, 14, 23;
146; Venona New York KGB 1941–42, 24, 42; Venona New York KGB 1943, 27, 41, 31, 57, 59, 78–78, 88, 105, 110, 116, 118, 127, 156–57, 185–86, 211, 213, 224, 253, 260, 274, 290, 351–52;
451, 576, 587, 594, 721; Venona New York KGB 1945, 109; Venona USA GRU, 66, 88, 100; Venona USA Naval GRU, 13, 102; Venona Secret Writings New York/Buenos Aires, 3. Spalding, Sidney P.: Supervisor for American firm “Badger” in USSR. Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 95. Spanish Civil War: Venona New York KGB 1941–42, 42; Venona New York KGB 1943, 157; Venona
Spanish Communist Party: Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 87. Spanish naval matters: Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 61. SPARK [ISKRA] (cover name in Venona): Unidentified Soviet diplomatic staffer. Later DAVIS. Venona New York KGB 1943, 11, 96; Venona New York KGB 1945, 79, Venona Special Studies, 31, 69.
Sparks, N.: Likely Nemmy Sparks, mid-level CPUSA cadre. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 147. “Sparta” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Moscow, 1950. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #3, 71. “Spartans” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): The Soviets, 1950. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #3, 72. Spasnachev, ?: Soviet ship internal security source. Cover name in Venona: NADYUSHA. Venona San Francisco KGB, 109; Venona Special Studies, 109. SPC: A reference to the Soviet Government Purchasing Commission. Venona USA Naval GRU, 320. SPD: Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands – Social Democratic Party of Germany. Vassiliev Yellow
Special Committee on Un-American Activities, U.S. House, 1934–1937. Also known as the McCormack-Dickstein committee: See Dickstein Committee.
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Special work and special assignments: CPUSA party idiom for covert work of some sort. Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 11; Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 13; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #2, 71–72, 74. Speer, Albert: Nazi German minister for armaments and war production. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 140, 143. Spellman, ?: Unidentified. Venona New York KGB 1944, 752. Spellman, Cardinal Francis Joseph: Leading Roman Catholic prelate in America. Vassiliev Black
101.
Spencer, Lyle: American Army Air crewman. Venona USA Diplomatic, 27. Spenser, Frank: Teachers union figure who knew Harold Glasser, 1936. Vassiliev White Notebook #3, 48. Speranskij, Captain Konstantin: Chief of the Soviet Meteorological Mission in the USA. Venona USA Naval GRU, 66, 75–76, 83–85, 106–7, 122, 126, 128–29, 133, 137, 154–55. Speranskij, Count: Grigorij L'vovich Kantakuzin. Husband of Julia Dent Grant, Princess Katakuzina. Venona New York KGB 1944, 161. Sperry Gyroscope company: Vassiliev Black Notebook, 5, 9, 79; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 80; Venona USA Naval GRU, 303. Spets-Otdel: Special Department. Soviet signals and cryptanalytic intelligence agency. Venona Washington KGB, 31; Venona San Francisco KGB, 273. SPIDER [PAUK] (cover name in Venona): Venona analysts thought SPIDER to be Aleksandr Kasem- Beg but also considered Sergei Aleksandrovich Koutousoff as a candidate. Venona New York
“Spies” [“Lazutchiki”]: Title of a KGB file in Vassiliev’s notebooks containing reports on American counter-intelligence and espionage carried out in the U.S. by German and Japanese intelligence agencies. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 91, 99. Spivak, John: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Radical journalist and secret Communist who specialized in investigation and exposure of extreme rightists. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Grin” and candidate for the cover names “18” and “John”. Cover name in Venona: GRIN [GREEN]. As Spivak: Vassiliev Black Notebook, 79; Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 33. As “Grin”: Vassiliev Black Notebook, 10–11, 13–15, 17–18, 21, 46, 79, 173; Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 56; Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 10, 33, 85; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 96. As “18”: Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 91. As “John”: Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 91, 94, 96, 98. As GRIN [GREEN]: Venona New York KGB 1944, 43–45, 114–15; Venona Special Studies, 20, 167. “Spline” [Shponka] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Michael K. Cham until October 1944.
SPLINE [SHPONKA] (cover name in Venona): Michael K. Cham. SPLINE was identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet intelligence source/agent but NSA redacted the name when the messages were released. Identified in Vassiliev’s notebooks as Cham. Venona New York KGB 1943, 193; Venona New York KGB 1944, 275, 543; Venona New York KGB 1945, 179–80; Venona Special Studies, 79. “Sposobny” (Russian original of a cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Gifted”. “Spring” [Vesna] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): ? White. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 9. SPRUCE [EL'] (cover name in Venona): Helen Grace Scott Keenan. Venona Washington KGB, 39. “Spruce” [El']: see “Fir”. “Squirrel” [Belka] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet intelligence agent/courier. References to in 1945, 1947, 1950. The notebooks describe “Squirrel” as the “wife of ‘Hudson’” There are two Hudson’s in Vassiliev’s notebooks. One is the unidentified Soviet agent “Hudson”. If “Squirrel” is married to the unidentified agent “Hudson”, then she is also unidentified. However, senior CPUSA official Roy Hudson also appears in Vassiliev’s notebooks and was know to KGB
officers. His wife was Edith Emery and her background would qualify her for covert courier work. In the 1930s Emery had worked with Whittaker Chambers CPUSA-GRU network and she was the subject of a badly broken New York KGB message to Moscow on 3 July 1942 mentioning Emery, the Comintern, and the GRU. Just five days after the garbled KGB cable to Moscow about Emery, Fitin of the KGB asked the Comintern to provide whatever information the Comintern had on Emery as well as on two other persons associated with her. While exactly what the 1942 KGB cable and Fitin’s query were about is not clear. 161
This was a period when the KGB was reviewing and in some cases reviving dormant Comintern and GRU networks, and these documents may part of that process of vetting Emery for being taken on as a courier. The evidence, however, is insufficient to reach a firm conclusion. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 135–36; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 91. SQUIRREL [BELKA] (cover name in Venona): Soviet intelligence agent/courier. SQUIRREL was mentioned in a single 1945 Venona message that also discussed LENS (Michael Sidorovich) and Venona analysts suggested that SQUIRREL was possibly Ann Sidorovich. Based on Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks, this was mistaken. Instead, “Squirrel” was a courier who serviced a safe house hosted by “Lens” (Michael Sidorovich) and “Objective” (Ann Sidorovich). Venona New York KGB 1945, 88; Venona Special Studies, 12. S.R.: Socialist Revolutionary. Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 144, 147; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 83, 85; Venona New York KGB 1943, 147–48. SRT: Soviet Russia Today magazine. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 20. “Srud” (Russian original of a cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Shrewd”. SS: Schutzstaffel [Protective Squadron], elite security/military formations of the National Socialist German Workers Party (Nazi). During World War II division-sized SS formations fought along side regular German army units. S/S: Sekretnyj Sotrudnik – secret collaborator. Venona New York KGB 1944, 747. SSAS: Unknown agency. Vassiliev White Notebook #3, 61. SSHO [SCO]: Sekretno-Shifroval'nyj Otdelenie – Secret Cipher Office. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 87; Venona New York KGB 1944, 200, 319, 474–75, 552–53, 559, 606, 674; Venona San Francisco KGB, 135, 148, 195, 310; Venona New York KGB 1944, 200, 319, 474–75, 552–53, 559, 606, 674; Venona USA Diplomatic, 33, 54, 60, 76–77. ST. IGHACK: Likely an error for St. Ignace, Michigan. Venona New York KGB 1943, 246. Stachel, Jack: Senior CPUSA official. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 147. STAFF-MAN [SHTABIST] (cover name in Venona): Unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent.
STAL' [STEEL] (cover name in Venona): Unidentified. Venona Special Studies, 116. Stalin, Joseph: Dictator and supreme power in the Soviet state from 1928 to 1953. Vassiliev Black
42–43, 47, 53, 56, 133, 146; Vassiliev White Notebook #3, 68, 103; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 36–37, 91, 94; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #2, 38–39, 60; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #3, 66, 76, 80, 105; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 122–34, 136–37, 139, 143; Venona New York KGB 1944, 167, 194, 197, 203, 251, 281, 400, 470, 725–26; Venona USA GRU, 88; Venona USA Naval GRU, 116, 146, 317; Venona USA Diplomatic, 2, 17, 47–49, 67; Venona USA Trade, 26. In Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, appears as the initial ‘S.’ in intelligence memoranda sent to Stalin, Molotov, and Beria as in “S., M., B.”: Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 1, 3–5, 38, 44, 55– 57, 59–60, 63, 65–67, 69–70, 80, 88, 105, 111, 118–23, 133, 135, 144, 147, 149, 151–52. “Stalin”: Soviet icebreaker. See “Joseph Stalin”.
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——————————— 161. Klehr, Haynes, and Firsov, Secret World, 301–2, 319–20; Stalin tank column fund: Vassiliev Black Notebook, 117. “Stalinabad”: Soviet ship. Venona San Francisco KGB, 140. ‘Stalingrad”: Soviet ship. Venona USA Naval GRU, 82. Stamoinen, Irjosaa: Described as a Finn involved in the armaments trade. Venona Washington KGB, 48. STAMP [SHTAMP]: Harold Smeltzer. STAMP was identified in the Venona decryptions as a Soviet intelligence source/agent for a source at Bell Aircraft in New York and whose real name was redacted. STAMP became ARMOR in October 1944. “Armor” was identified in Vassiliev’s notebooks as Harold Smeltzer, therefore STAMP was Harold Smeltzer. Venona New York KGB 1944, 274, 499, 543; Venona Special Studies, 80, 176. “Stan” (Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Stanley Graze. “Stan” was also his party name. Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 19; Vassiliev White Notebook #3, 76, 80; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #2, 40– 41.
“Stan”: Work name used by Ivan Morozov. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 106. Stanarm, Hans: Described as a senior scientist in the atomic bomb project. Possibly a garble for Hans Staub, a Swiss physicist who worked on the implosion trigger. Venona New York KGB 1944, 694.
Standard Oil Company. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 3, 36; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 5, 48; Venona New York KGB 1944, 357; Venona New York KGB 1945, 14, 185; Venona San Francisco KGB, 50.
Standing Commission on Agricultural and Industrial Immigration, Council of Labor and Defense (USSR): Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 45. Standley, William: USN admiral and U.S. Ambassador, Moscow, 1942–43. Vassiliev White Notebook
STANEV (cover name in Venona): Kirill Emel'yanovich Kucherin. Venona Special Studies, 117. Stange, Heinz: German, some connection with South America. Venona New York KGB 1941–42, 41, 43. Stanišić, ?: Yugoslav military officer. Venona New York KGB 1943, 13. STANISLAV (cover name in Venona): Unidentified. Venona New York KGB 1944, 197–98. “Stanley” [Stenli] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent, 1938 involved in technical intelligence. A candidate for “Stanley” would be Stanley Glass. “Stanley” appears in association with industrial spies “El” (Alfred Slack) and “Film” (Richard Briggs). Glass, a chemist, was associated at the time with Slack and Briggs. Vassiliev Black
STANLEY [STENLI] (cover name in Venona): Kim Philby in 1945. Venona London KGB, 9, 18–23, 33 . Stanly, ?: Unidentified. Venona USA Diplomatic, 65. Stapler, William: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Former KGB agent Thomas Black identified Stapler as a Soviet industrial espionage source. Black’s description of Stapler’s activities matches the activities of the Soviet source “Ray” (later changed to “Karl”) in Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks. “Ray” and “Karl” also appeared in the Venona decryptions, and NSA/FBI analysis identified the real name but redacted it. However, a 1951 FBI memo reviewing Venona noted that nine persons that Venona demonstrated were assisting Soviet espionage were deceased. One of those listed as deceased was Stapler. That, along with Black’s evidence, indicates that the redacted name in the Venona decryptions for “Ray” and “Karl” was William Stapler. 162 Cover
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——————————— 162. Interview with Thomas Black, 20 June 1950, pp. 195-205, 257-260, Philadelphia file, Thomas L. Black, 65-4332-1-B-17 FBI FOIA “Julius Rosenberg et al.”; Ladd to Director, 28 February 1951, “This memorandum is designed ...,” page 19 of the FBI FOIA “Venona” released to Daniel P. Moynihan, part 1, <;">http://foia.fbi.gov/foiaindex/venona.htm>; Stapler is likely the source Feklisov gives the cover name “Knvat” or “Vulture” in Feklisov and Kostin, Man
names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Ray” prior to October 1944, then “Karl”. As “Ray”: Vassiliev Black Notebook, 49, 69, 105, 110, 117; Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 109. As “Karl”: Vassiliev Black Notebook, 57, 69, 119, 132, 135–36. “Star” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Either Friends of Germany or Edwin Emerson, mid-1930s. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 21. “Star” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Saville Sax. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 119, 121, 128–29, 133, 135–37; 15–17, 22–27, 29. STAR [OLD] (cover name in Venona): Saville Sax. Venona New York KGB 1944, 694–95; Venona New York KGB 1945, 55–56; Venona Special Studies, 69. “Star” [“Zvezda”]: See “Zvezda.”. “Starij Bol'shevik” and “Staryj Bol'shevik”: Soviet ship. Venona USA Naval GRU, 55, 67, 99. STARIK [OLD MAN] (cover name in Venona): Leon Trotsky. Venona New York KGB 1944, 197–98, 622; Venona Special Studies, 69. “Starik” (Russian original of a cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Old Man”. Starikov, ?: Soviet intelligence officer, Moscow, 1960. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 63. “Stark” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): ? Berlin. Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 139. Starker, ?: Described as an aide to Nazi agent Hermann Neubacher. Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 96–97. Starkov, Vladimir Borisovich: Soviet ship crew. Venona San Francisco KGB, 144, 246. Starnes, Joseph: U.S. Representative (D. AL). Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 86. Starr, George J.: FBI agent, 1942. Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 156; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 92. Starr, Joseph: OSS analyst. Venona New York KGB 1941–42, 27–28. “Starshy” (Russian original of a cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Elder”. (Alternative translation: Senior). “Starter” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Ivan Timofeevich Orlov in 1949. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 74. STARUKHA [Old Woman] (cover name in Venona): Natalya Ivanova Sedova Trotsky. Venona New York KGB 1944, 143–44, 162, 164, 197–98, 398, 400; Venona Special Studies, 69. Starygin, ?: Soviet ship officer, Soviet internal security source. Cover name in Venona: BRILOV. Venona San Francisco KGB, 125; Venona Special Studies, 95. “Staryj Bol'shevik” or “Staryj Bolshevik”: Soviet ship. Venona San Francisco KGB, 109, 179–80; Venona USA Diplomatic, 28. Stasek, ?: Described as a Polish journalist and husband of Marta Jansen. Vassiliev White Notebook #3, 123. STASHA (cover name in Venona): Unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent, Naval GRU. Venona USA Naval GRU, 369–70. Stasova, Elena: Prominent Bolshevik. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 147; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #3, 34. STASSEN, SF. Stassen, Harold: Former governor of Minnesota, national Republican political figure. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #3, 62; Venona San Francisco KGB, 227, 229. State Committee on Defense (USSR): Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 85; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 68. State, U.S. Department of: Also referred to as StateD, SD, and DOS. Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Surrogate” (1930s), “Circus” (circa 1939–1941), and “Bank” thereafter. Cover name in Venona: BANK. As State Department StateD, SD, and DOS: Vassiliev Black Notebook, 3–4, 11, 13, 16, 22–24, 33–37, 39–40, 42–43, 46, 48, 55–57, 60, 62, 69, 71, 77–79, 81–83, 88– 90, 93–95, 97, 143, 145, 152, 175, 178–80; Vassiliev Odd Pages, 7, 9–11, 13–15, 17–21, 23–26, 28–29, 32–33; Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 18, 24, 27, 29–31, 56, 64, 79, 89, 97, 115, 142, 148,
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