Indirect questions in teaching grammar

Chapter 2.Methodological basis for teaching indirect speech transmission

2.1. Explanatory constructions: model and semantics

Explanatory constructions are frequently used language models; many scientific articles and separate chapters in works on general syntax are devoted to them.
Explanatory constructions are usually considered in the context of a complex sentence. According to L.S. Barkhudarov and D. A. Shteling, a complex sentence is such a complex sentence in which one of the members (main or secondary) is expressed, in turn, by a sentence. A sentence that is part of a complex sentence as its member is called a subordinate clause. A subordinate clause, like any two-part sentence, always has a subject and a predicate (including the predicative form of the verb). [Barkhudarov, Shteling, 2013]. Unlike a simple sentence, a monopredicative construction, a complex sentence is a polypredicative construction, consisting of two or more predicative parts, combined in meaning and grammatically. In speech, this semantic and grammatical connection is expressed intonation,
We will call an explanatory sentence a complex sentence (hereinafter SPP), in which the predicate of the main part is characterized by semantic ambiguity, and the subordinate part is its structural-semantic distributor. Pospelov N.S. in his scientific article on a complex sentence and its structural types, he notes that the supporting lexeme in simple and complex structures requires mandatory completion, since the explanatory clause occupies the position of a word form, the presence of which is due to the valence of a strongly controlling verb - a predicate; this verb turns out to be semantic incomplete without a distributor [Pospelov, 1959].
The types of predicates (supporting words) in an explanatory sentence are of two ways of reflecting an event in the mind - in the form of a fact and in the form of a process.
Hosted at http :// www . allbest . en /
Scheme 1.1
There are two subclasses of explanatory constructions: self-explanatory sentences and the transmission of indirect speech. The first sign by which the division is carried out is the generalized meaning of the dependent predication: either the image of the event, or someone's words about some event. The second feature is the way the event is displayed.
The specificity of explanatory constructions lies in the fact that these syntactic constructions make it possible to verbalize various kinds of reflection of the speaker about the reflection of an event in his mind. It can be both the fact of the action, and as the process of the event. Thus, there are factual and procedural sentences, where the type of event reflection in the dependent part is presented as a fact or as a process.
The typological feature of explanatory constructions (IC) is the belonging of its structural links (supporting words of thought, speech, feeling, perception, being, etc.) and the subordinate part, acting as an object and subject component to different levels of reflection.
An explanatory complex-subordinate sentence, unlike other complex sentences, reflects the relationship of the situation and the message about the situation, i.e. extralinguistic and linguistic reality. The first part necessarily contains a word that needs to be deleted P1 (what?) P2.
Explanatory constructions can be divided according to the semantics of the key word and the way of subordination.