International conference on bioinformatics of genome regulation
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Key words: restriction-modification system, horizontal transfer, evolution Motivation and Aim: Restriction-modification (R-M) systems defend bacteria and ar- chaea from bacteriophages and play variety of roles in populations of prokaryots [1]. They can be considered as mobile elements despite absence of own mechanism of trans- location, making them interesting model for evolutionary study [2]. We studied R-M systems evolution in a large scale. Methods and Algorithms: We downloaded data about 17327 Types I - IV R-M systems encoded in 4258 completely sequenced genomes from REBASE (http://rebase.neb.com). We divided restriction endonucleases (REases) and DNA methyltransferases (MTases) into groups with homologous catalytic domains, 39 for REases and 7 for MTases. Do- mains were defined according to Pfam annotations. Two R-M systems were considered homologous if catalytic domains of REases as well as catalytic domains of MTases are homologous. We found 61 class of homologous R-M systems. Results: We considered putative evolutionary scenarios for each homology class. In first scenario an R-M system of last common ancestor was inherited mainly vertically accom- plished with R-M system loss in some descendants. Putative example is N6_Mtase#ResIII homology class, which includes 3142 Type I R-M systems. Indeed, systems of this class are presented in 32% of archaeal and 18% of bacterial genomes. Moreover, they were found in all bacterial and archaeal phyla with 10 or more sequenced genomes. In second scenario, an R-M system originated in one taxon and then expanded by intensive hori- zontal transfer. Putative example is N6_N4_Mtase#RE_TdeIII class, which includes 21 Type II R-M systems. Seven of them are in Firmicutes, possible origin of the class. Other class members belong to three phyla of Archaea and six phyla of Bacteria. Conclusion: Different classes of homologous R-M systems vary in evolutionary sce- narios. Acknowledgements. The work was partially supported by RNF grant 16-14-10319. References: 1. A.S.Ershova et al., (2015) Restriction-Modification Systems in Prokaryotic Evolution and Ecology, Biochemistry (Mosc), 80:1373-86 2. Makarova KS et al. (2013) Comparative genomics of defense systems in archaea and bacteria. Nucleic Acids Res. 41:4360-77. 41 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY HOW TO ACCOMPLISH A RAPID DEFENSE AGAINST FOREIGN DNA – RESTRICTION-MODIFICATION SYSTEMS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR SYNTHETIC GENE CIRCUITS B. Blagojevic 1 *, M. Djordjevic 1 , M. Djordjevic 2 1 Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia 2 Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia * Corresponding author: bojanab@ipb.ac.rs Key words: R-M systems, transcript processing, synthetic gene circuits, CRISPR/Cas Motivation and Aim: Restriction-modification (RM) systems consist of restriction en- donuclease (R), which cuts specific DNA sequences, and methyltransverase (M), which methylates and protects the same sequences from cleavage. It is considered that R must make a fast transition from “OFF” to “ON” state during RM establishment, so that the host cell becomes rapidly protected from foreign DNA. On the other hand, to prevent the host genome being cut by R, methylation must precede R expression. The relation- ship between these constraints on the enzyme expression dynamics, and the features controlling RM expression, is however unclear. To this end, we here develop a biophysi- cal model of gene expression regulation in RM systems, to analyze dynamics of RM establishment in a naïve host. We then use this quantitative understanding to propose a synthetic gene circuits that can control how rapidly a potentially toxic molecule is expressed. Methods and Algorithms: We develop a model of the enzyme synthesis in RM systems, based on statistical thermodynamics. We apply it to EcoRV, which is RM system with divergent CR and M promoters [1], that is under control of specialized control (C) pro- tein. Overlapping RC and M promoters is the main feature of EcoRV, which we show is enough to ensure: i) the time-delayed expression of R with respect to M ii) the fast transition of the toxic molecule (R) from “OFF” to “ON” state iii) the increased stabil- ity of the steady-state of R [1]. Furthermore, we consider a novel synthetic gene circuit, which is capable of achieving a rapid cell defense against foreign DNA [2]. To this end, we combine transcription control inherent to RM systems, with the transcript processing inherent to CRISPR/Cas system [3]. Results and Conclusion: This, to our knowledge, represents the first quantitative model of expression regulation for a divergent RM system architecture. We show that EcoRV satisfies the proposed dynamical constraints, while any perturbation of system features makes these constraints less optimal. Combining transcription control of RM systems with transcript processing in CRISPR/Cas systems, allows a significantly faster transi- tion from OFF to ON state. References: 1. A. Rodic, B. Blagojevic, E. Zdobnov, M. Djordjevic, M. Djordjevic. (2016), submitted. 2. A. Rodic, B. Blagojevic, E. Zdobnov, M. Djordjevic, M. Djordjevic. (2016) to be submitted. 3. M. Djordjevic, M. Djordjevic, K. Severinov. (2012) CRISPR transcript processing: a mechanism for generating a large number of small interfering RNAs, Biology Direct, 7:24. 42 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY STATISTICS OF INTERVALS BETWEEN SIMILAR MONO- MERS: A COMPLEMENTARY WAY TO ASSESS THE STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF BIOLOGICAL POLYMERS M.I. Bogachev 1 *, A.R. Kayumov 2 , O.A. Markelov 1 1 St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University, St. Petersburg, Russia 2 Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia * Corresponding author: rogex@yandex.com Key words: DNA structural organization, long-range correlations, interval distributions Motivation and Aim: Understanding the laws governing the arrangement of monomers in the primary structure of biological polymers over long scales is essential to reveal their structural organization. Since the discovery of long-range correlations in DNA se- quences, it has been assessed rather in an indirect way via artificial DNA walk represen- tations [1]. Methods and Algorithms: We focus on the distributions and correlation properties of the intervals between the occurrences of similar nucleotides in the primary DNA sequences. Results: We have recently discovered that the distribution of intervals between all four identical nucleotides in the primary DNA sequence decays by a universal q-exponential. Analysis of 130 complete genomes of organisms at different evolutionary positions from Archaea and Bacteria to Human revealed that this distribution is independent of the evo- lutionary position of the organism. In prokaryotes, the shape parameter q of the distribu- tion exhibits moderate variations with the changes in the GC content of the genome and in the optimal living temperature of organism [2]. Here we show that the q-exponential distribution can be explicitly reproduced by a superstatistical model that takes into ac- count the local variations of the GC content and thus also the cumulative bending angle among short DNA segments. Our computer simulations reveal that another essential re- quirement is the presence of long-range correlations in the local GC concentrations and thus also their cumulative bending angles in short DNA segments. Further extensions of our model additionally account for the interval distribution variations for different GC content and optimal living temperature in prokaryotes. Our findings are in a good agreement with the state-of-the-art multiscale models of the DNA elasticity, structure and packaging [3]. Conclusion: Interval statistics between similar monomers explicitly reflect the struc- tural properties of biological polymers and may act as powerful testbed for biomolecular models. Availability: List of sources available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112534 Acknowledgements: We like to thank the Ministry of Education and Science of the Rus- sian Federation for the financial support of this work. References: 1. Li, W., Kaneko, K. (1992) Long-Range Correlation and Partial 1/f Spectrum in a Noncoding DNA Sequence, Europhys. Lett. 17: 655-660; Peng, C. et al. (1992) Long-range correlations in nucleotide sequences, Nature 356: 168-170. 2. Bogachev, M. I., Kayumov, A.R., Bunde, A. (2014) Universal internucleotide statistics in full genomes: A footprint of the DNA structure and packaging? PLoS One, 9: e112534. 3. Arneodo, A. et al. (2011) Multi-scale coding of genomic information: From DNA sequence to genome structure and function, Physics Reports 498: 45-188. 43 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY HUMAN AUTHENTICATION USING ELECTROCARDIO- GRAM M.R. Bogdanov* M. Akmullah named after Bashkir State Pedagogical University, Ufa, Russia * Corresponding author: bogdanov_marat@mail.ru Key words: electrocardiogram, biometric authentication, wavelet analysis Motivation and Aim: Biometric methods of human identification are discussed. The mathematical aspects of human identification based on electrocardiogram are consi- dering. Results of electrocardiogram recognition with wavelet analysis are presented. Methods and Algorithms: wavelet analysis. Results: 97% accuracy while biometric identification was achieved. Conclusion: Biometric methods of identification are all wider application in our lives. Such methods of identification like fingerprint recognition, iris, voice, or palms recogni- tion gradually enter a phase of maturity and are increasingly beginning to be used in a variety of mobile, web and other applications, however, the evidence suggests that the traditional methods of identification inherent vulnerability . Yield is seen in the develop- ment of multi-modal identification systems using biometrics such as, for example, an electrocardiogram, an electroencephalogram and DNA. The most preferred option in our opinion, is the use of the ECG. Availability: The technology may be used in various security applications. Acknowledgements (if necessary) References: 1. Bogdanov M.R. Using of wavelet analysis under Electrocardiogram Recognition. ITIDS’2015. The 3 rd International Conference on Information Technologies for Intelligent Decision Making Support. Ufa, Russia. May 18 - 21, 2015. 2. Bogdanov M.R. Unconventional encryption algorithm [Netradicionnyj algoritm shifrovaniya]. Elec- tronic scientific journal “Computer facilities and software” [Elektronnyj nauchnyj zhurnal “Vychis- litelnaya tehnika i programmnoe obespechenie”]. 2014, Release 1(1) January-April, pp. 17-23. [On- line]. Available at: http://www.computer-facilities-andsoftware.ingnpublishing.com/archive/2014/ release_1_1_january-april/bogdanov_m_r_netradicionnyj_algoritm_shifrovaniya/Received: 2014-03- 12 Accepted: 2014-04-23 Published on-line: 2014-04-30. 3. Bogdanov M.R., Zakharov A.V., Gabidullin Ju.Z., Dumchikov A.A.Unconventional encryption algo- rithms.. ISSN: 2319. 5967. ISO 9001:2008 Certified. International Journal of Engineering Science and Innovative Technology (IJESIT). Volume 3, Issue 5, September 2014. 4. Bogdanov M.R., Gabidullin Ju.Z., Dumchikov A.A., Zakharov A.V., Gorbunova V.Ju. Method for rec- ognition of bird’s voices with wavelet analysis. Russian Patent #2014611697. 07.02.2014. 5. Bogdanov M.R. The way of researching of biological diversity of ornitophauna with wavelet analysis. Proceedings of Samara Scientific Centre of RAS. #3(4). 2013. P. 1232-1236. 44 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY INTERSPERSED REPETITIVE SEQUENCES DISTRIBUTION IN HUMAN CHROMOSOMES ANALYZED BY IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION AND IN SILICO ANALYSIS A.G. Bogomolov 1, 2 *, T.V. Karamysheva 1 , N.B. Rubtsov 1, 2 1 Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia 2 Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia * Corresponding author: mantis_anton@bionet.nsc.ru Key words: interspersed repetitive sequences, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), visualization spe- cial signal in silico (VISSIS), image analysis Motivation and Aim: In 2012, we developed method VISSIS [1] based on compara- tive FISH of pairs of whole chromosomes painting probes (WCPs) performed without suppression of repetitive DNA sequences hybridization. The obtained indicated to the influence of the paint sets on the efficiency of method VISSIS application. In case of paints derived from chromosomes, contrasting in content of LINE/ SINE repeats identi- fication of C-negative chromosome regions appeared to be complicated. We suggest this problem could be solved by normalization of the FISH signal intensity based on data of LINE/ SINE repeats extracted from draft human genome sequence. The aim of this work is to analyze the results of FISH image analysis obtained with WCPs derived from different chromosome pairs, taking into account the contents of LINE/ SINE repeats of original chromosomes and painting of the chromosome regions bearing heavy isochors. Methods and Algorithms: DNA probes of individual chromosomes were generated by microdissection following DOP-PCR amplification [2]. FISH of microdissection DNA probes generated from human chromosomes 2, 3, 7, 10, 15, 18, 19 and X with hu- man chromosomes was performed without suppression of repetitive DNA hybridization. The chromosomes were characterized using data of GC-content and repetitive DNA se- quences in chromosomes (SINE, LINE, Alu, L1, L2). The average intensity profile and histogram of intensities were used to compare distribution intensities in chromosomes in processed images. Results: Currently a set of microscopic images obtained, which will be involved in fur- ther research. The software for analyzing and comparison of FISH signal intensities in chromosome regions after computer processing of FISH images by VISSIS was devel- oped and applied. Normalization of the FISH signal intensity based on data of LINE/ SINE repeats extracted from draft human genome sequence was performed and its ef- ficiency was estimated Acknowledgements: The reported study was partially supported by the Ministry of Edu- cation and Science of the Russian Federation and RFBR, research projects No. 16-34- 00498, No. 14-04-00086. References: 1. A.G. Bogomolov et al. (2012) Visualization of chromosome-specific DNA sequences by FISH of mi- crodissection DNA Probes with metaphase Chromosomes, Russian Journal of Genetics, 2(6): 413-420 2. N.B. Rubtsov et al. (2000) Chromosome microdissection using NIR Femtosecond laser pulses and generation of band specific DNA-libraries with DOP-PCR, Cell Mol. Biol, 46. 45 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY THE SOFTWARE FOR ESTIMATION OF TELOMERE LENGTH ON INDIVIDUAL CHROMOSOME ARMS IN IMMUNOPATHOLOGY A.G. Bogomolov 1, 3 *, M.S. Barkovskaya 2 , N.B. Rubtsov 1, 3 , V.A. Kozlov 2 1 Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia 2 Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, Novosibirsk, Russia 3 Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia * Corresponding author: mantis_anton@bionet.nsc.ru Key words: quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (Q-FISH), telomere length measurements, inte- grated fluorescence intensity(IFI),image analysis, immunopathology Motivation and Aim: The telomeres are important to maintain chromosome stability, and the decrease of telomere length may lead to immunopathology. This paper presents the enhanced Q-FISH protocol and software for estimation of telomere length on individual chromosome arms in immune-associated diseases. Methods and Algorithms: Two sets of images were obtained according to the standard [1] and modified (change of temperature of hybridization, concentration Cy3-PNA (CCCTAA) 3 -probes in hybridization mixture, fixation and washing conditions) Q-FISH protocols. Bead images were obtained for each image capture session of metaphase chromosomes. The developed software can be divided into two functional blocks: bead image analysis and estimation of telomere length on individual chromosome arms. Bead image analysis includes: finding beads (iterative selection method), division imag- es into blocks, calculation of average fluorescence value of the beads in the whole image and in each block. Calculated average values are used not only for intensity calibration and comparing fluorescence measurements between experiments, but also to correction of irregular light effects. Image analysis of metaphase chromosomes means: segmentation of chromosomes and telomeres (methods of thresholding segmentation and methods based on average differ- ence filter were used), determination of telomere belonging to the chromosomes, correc- tion of irregular light effects and fluorescence intensity calibration using beads, calcula- tion integrated fluorescence intensity (the background level is estimated and subtracted from measured value). Results: The MeTeLen software for estimation of telomere length in images of meta- phase chromosomes was developed. A series of validation experiments was carried out and confirmed the correctness of the obtained results. The optimum parameters for the signal normalization were selected and different estimations of background level were compared. It was also shown that a modified Q-FISH protocol can be used to calculate telomere length on individual chromosome arms. Moreover chromosome morphology was better preserved improving the image quality and quality of subsequent cytogenetic analysis. Acknowledgements: This study was supported by RNF grant № 14-15-00346. References: 1. S.S. Poon, P.M. Lansdorp (2001) Quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization, In: Current Protocols in Cell Biology, p 18.4.1 – 18.4.21 (John Wiley & Sons) 46 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY RIBOSOMAL GENES AS PHYLOGENETIC MARKERS FOR STUDING EVOLUTION OF BLUE-FLOWERED FLAXES N.L. Bolsheva 1 *, N.V. Melnikova 1 , A.A. Dmitriev 1 , M.S. Belenikin 1,2 , A.S. Speranskay 2 , A.A. Krinitsina 2 , G.S. Krasnov 1 , V.A. Lakunina 1 , A.V. Snezhkina 1 , A.F. Sadritdinova 1 , T.A. Rozhmina 3 , А.V. Amosova 1 , T.E. Samatadze 1 , O.Yu. Yurkevich 1 , N.G. Shostak 1 , S.A. Zoshchuk 1 , A.V. Kudryavtseva 1 , O.V. Muravenko 1 1 Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia 2 Department of Higher Plants, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia 3 All-Russian Research Institute for Flax, Torzhok, Russia * Corresponding author: nlbolsheva@mail.ru Key words: flax, phylogeny, rRNA genes, high-throughput sequencing, karyotype, FISH Motivation and Aim: The species relationships within the genus Linum have already been studied several times by means of different molecular and phylogenetic approaches. Nevertheless, a number of ambiguities in phylogeny of Linum still remain unresolved. In particular, the species relationships within the sections Stellerolinum and Dasylinum need further clarification. Also, the question of independence of the species of the sec- tion Adenolinum still remains unanswered. Moreover, the relationships of L. narbonense and other species of the section Linum require further clarification. Additionally, the origin of tetraploid species of the section Linum (2n=30) including the cultivated species L. usitatissimum has not been explored. The present study examines the phylogeny of blue-flowered species of Linum by comparisons of 5S rRNA gene sequences as well as ITS1 and ITS2 sequences of 35S rRNA genes. Methods and Algorithms: High-throughput sequencing has been used for analysis of multicopy rRNA genes families. In addition to the molecular phylogenetic analysis, the number and chromosomal localization of 5S and 35S rDNA sites has been determined by FISH. Results: Our findings confirm that L. stelleroides forms a basal branch of the clade of blue-flowered flax species which is independent from the branch formed by the species of the section Dasylinum. The current data as well as the results of genomic DNA fin- gerprinting and cytogenetic investigations described previously could not discriminate separate species within the section Adenolinum. The allotetraploid cultivated species L. usitatissimum and its wild ancestor L. angustifolium (2n=30) could originate either as the result of hybridization of two diploid species (2n=16) related to the modern L. gan- diflorum and L. decumbens, or hybridization of a diploid species (2n=16) and a diploid ancestor of modern L. narbonense (2n=14). Conclusion: High-throughput sequencing of multicopy rRNA gene families allowed us to make several adjustments to the phylogeny of blue-flowered flax species and also estimate the levels of intraspecific rRNA gene sequence polymorphism and interspecific differences in these sequences. Acknowledgements: This work was financially supported by the RAS Presidium Pro- gram “Biodiversity of natural systems” (subprogram “Gene pools of nature and their conservation”) and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, grant 16-04-01239. 47 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY SIBERIAN LARCH CHLOROPLAST GENOME ANALYSIS OVER TRIPLET FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION E.I. Bondar 1 *, Y.A. Putintseva 1, 2 , K.V. Krutovsky 2, 3, 4 1 Siberian Federal university, Krasnoyarsk, Russia 2 Institute of forest of SD RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russia 3 University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany 4 Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA * Corresponding author: bone-post@ya.ru Download 3.91 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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