Issn 2181-1296 ilmiy axborotnoma научный вестник scientific journal

ILMIY AXBOROTNOMA FALSAFA 2021-yil, 6-son 
88 
UDK: 1.17 
PROBLEM OF HUMAN IN SOCRATES’ PHILOSOPHY 
 
R.Sh.Toshkuvatova
Samarkand state university 
 
Abstract. The article reveals the development of idealistic morality as the main core 
of the philosophical interests and activities of Socrates. Socrates attached particular 
importance to the knowledge of the essence of virtue and the meaning of generalized concepts 
in the knowledge of the world and the principles of human life. 
Keywords: human, virtue, morality, knowledge, self-knowledge, maieutics, idealism, 
materialism, Socrates' method.
 
Suqrot falsafasida inson muammosi 
 
Annotatsiya. Maqolada idealistik axloqning rivojlanishi Suqrotning falsafiy 
manfaatlari va faoliyatining asosiy yadrosi sifatida ochib berilgan. Suqrot dunyo va inson 
hayoti tamoyillarini bilishda ezgulik mohiyatini va umumlashgan tushunchalar mazmunini 
bilishga alohida ahamiyat berdi. 
Kalit soʻzlar: inson, fazilat, axloq, bilim, oʻz-oʻzini bilish, mayevtika, idealizm, 
materializm, Suqrot usuli. 
Проблема человека в философии Сократа 
Аннотация. Статья раскрывает вопросы разработки идеалистической морали
как основное ядро философских интересов и занятий Сократа. Особое значение Сократ 
придавал познанию сущности добродетели и значению обобщенных понятий в 
познании мира и принципов жизни человека.
Ключевые слова: человек, добродетель, мораль, познание, самопознание, 
майевтика, идеализм, материализм, метод Сократа. 
“Speak so that I can see you”, 
“Nature has endowed us with two ears, 
two eyes, but only one tongue, so that 
we looked and heard more than they spoke” 
Socrates. 
The ancient Greek philosopher and sage Socrates was born in 469 BC. in Alopeki 
(Attica), died in 399 BC. The son of the sculptor Sophronix and the midwife Fenareta. 
Socrates was short in appearance, squat, with a huge convex forehead. He always walked 
barefoot, in an old chiton. This outfit was so common for Socrates that his enthusiastic 
listener Aristodemus, seeing him once in sandals, was very surprised. It turned out that 
Socrates "dressed up" for a feast to the poet Agathon on the occasion of his victory in the 
Athenian theater. 
Socrates was a fundamental opponent of the study of nature. The work of the human 
mind in this direction, he considers an impious and fruitless interference in the business of the 
gods. Socrates recognized the substantiation of the religious and moral worldview as the main 
task of philosophy, while the knowledge of nature, natural philosophy, was considered 
unnecessary and godless. Doubt (“I know that I know nothing”) should, according to the 
teachings of Socrates, lead to self-knowledge (“know thyself”). Only in such an 
individualistic way, he taught, can one come to an understanding of justice, right, law, piety, 
good and evil. Socrates solves the main philosophical question as an idealist: the primary for 
him is the spirit, consciousness, while nature is something secondary and even insignificant, 
not worthy of the attention of the philosopher. Doubt served Socrates as a prerequisite for 

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