Microsoft Word A16-2-10-Behera-1-In-16-02-03-Agri doc
(rates of growth in percentage, elasticity and shares)
Download 165.54 Kb. Pdf ko'rish
|
aeid16210
- Bu sahifa navigatsiya:
- 2009-10 1993-94 to 2009-10 1983 to 2009-10
(rates of growth in percentage, elasticity and shares)
Year
1983 to 1993-94 1993-94 to 1999-00 1999-00 to 2004-05 2004-05 to 2009-10 1993-94 to 2009-10 1983 to 2009-10 GDP
(rate)
3.76 3.31 1.59
3.05 2.69
3.10 Employment (rate)
0.1 1.47
-1.72 -0.05
0.51 Labour Productivity (rate)
3.21 0.12
4.77 2.74
2.59 Capital-Labour Ratio (rate)
1.88 1.94
15.21 5.89
3.88 Elasticity Labour/GDP
0.36 0.03 0.92
-0.56 -0.02
0.16 Public
31.7 17.3
22.5 18.8
Investment share Private
68.3 82.7
87.5 81.2
In terms of productivity, we observe that the rate of growth of productivity in the sector has increased from 2.42 per cent in the pre-reform period to 2.74 per cent in the post- reform period. However, during the first decade of the post-reform period from 1993– 00, the productivity grew at an impressive rate of 3.21 per cent per annum but drastically fell down to 0.12 per cent in 2004–05 and again increased in 2009–10 at a rate of 4.77 per cent. On the other hand, during 1993–00, employment growth came down and increased significantly during 1999–05, but latter on it showed a negative trend during 2004–09 suggesting a negative relationship. Such a trade-off between productivity and employment is influenced by capital in terms of investment and technology. The major problem in the Indian agricultural sector is lack of adequate investment or capital formation. Private investments are needed by individual farmers to meet the expenses on irrigation, land development, machinery, etc. Public investment is needed to build rural infrastructure like canals, dams, roads and electricity, research and extension, market yards, storage space, transport facilities, etc. It is believed that the two have great complementarities in the sector. These factors would increase productivity and strengthen the agricultural sector. The trends in the share of public investment in the total investment in agriculture show that it has come down from 68.3 per cent in 1993–94 to 18.8 per cent during 2009–10 (see Table 2). The private investment share in total agricultural investment had increased from 53 per cent in 1983 to 83 per cent in 1999–00, but declined to 77.5 per cent in 2004–05 and 71 per cent in 2009–10. In terms of technology, which can displace labour by adding an extra unit of capital into the sector, the post-reform phase has shown a substantial increase in technology at a rate of 5.89 per cent over 0.73 per cent in the pre-reform period. Such a steady rise in the capital–labour ratio suggests a labour-displacing capital intensive technological progress taking place in the sector. Employment elasticity for the period 1983–10, which is a useful measure in economic analysis that indicates the rate of employment creation from a growth of output in
Behera, D.K. Employment Potential In Indian Agriculture: An Econometric Investigation
133 agriculture, was 0.16. Compared to the pre-reform period, the employment elasticity has come down from 0.36 to a negative of 0.02 in the post-reform period. Overall, it is found that agricultural employment in the post-reform period has been more responsive to growth than to investment. But investment has been more growth- promoting and less employment-generating. This suggests that production conditions in agriculture are under change in the long run, which gives some clues for the slower generation of employment.
Download 165.54 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling