Minstry of higher and secondary specialized education of the republic of uzbekistan

Meaning and Concept
When we study a word, we see that its meaning, although closely related to the main concept or concepts, is not the same as them. A concept is a category of human cognition. A concept is an idea that distinguishes the main characteristics of an object. Our concepts reflect the most common and typical features of various objects. Thus, all concepts are the result of abstraction and generalization, and are almost the same at the same period of the historical development of all mankind. That is, words expressing the same concepts in English and Ukrainian are significantly different. for example: The concept of a physical organism is represented by the word body in English and tylo in Ukrainian, but the
semantic range of the English word is not the same as in Ukrainian. It is known that the word body has developed a number of secondary meanings and can mean the following meanings: a number of persons and things distinct from the members and the head, a collective whole (the body of voters); hence the main part of the army, the structure of the book (the body of the book). It is known that such concepts are expressed by other words in the Ukrainian language.
The difference between meaning and concept is to contrast synonymous words and phrases that express the same concepts but have different linguistic meanings in each of the units under consideration. can also be thought through.
for example: - fail the exam, fail, muff;
- to drive, to pluck, to wrap.
Meaning and Referent
When the meaning is linguistic, the hitting of the object or referent is beyond the competence of language. We can define the same object with several words with different meanings.
for example: a table can be defined by the words table, furniture, something, because all these words can have the same indicator.
Meaning cannot be equated with the actual attributes of the referent. The meaning of the word water cannot be the same as its chemical formula H2O, because water has the same meaning to all English speakers, including those who have no idea of ​​its chemical composition.
Among the proponents of the referential approach, there are those who consider the meaning of a linguistic sign to be the underlying concept, which means that they substitute meaning for the concept in the basic triangle. Others identify the meaning with the referent. Meaning is closely
related to, but not the same as, sound form, concept, or referent. However, even those who accept this view disagree about the nature of meaning. Some linguists see meaning as the interrelationship of the three points of the triangle within a given language, but not as an objectively existing part of the linguistic sign.
Others proceed from the basic assumption of the objectivity of language and meaning and understand the linguistic sign as a dual entity. They see meaning as a certain reflection in our mind of the objects, events or relations that form part of the linguistic sign - called its internal side, while the sound form acts as its external side.