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Symbolism in “Great Expectation”.

In life, symbolism is present all around us. Whether it's the clothes we wear, the things we do, or what we buy, everything makes sense.
Symbols of isolation, manipulation, the tragic hero and the desire to be someone else are visible throughout the book in the images of Estelle, Magwich, Miss Havisham and Pip.
Estelle's character embodies the symbols of isolation and manipulation.
It had a lot to do with the way Miss Havisham, her stepmother, raised her. She didn't have any emotions because Miss Havisham used her to get revenge on men. On his first visit to the Sathis house, Pip overheard Miss Havisham say to Estelle, She also personifies manipulation in the way she played with the feelings of Pip, who has strong feelings for her, although he can't stand her. She says to Pip, "Come here! You can kiss me if you want." While the kiss may have meant a lot to Pip, it meant nothing to Estelle as she was just playing with Pip's emotions.
Magwitch's character embodies the symbols of isolation and the tragic hero. In this case, he is physically isolated because he is a prisoner, and he is looked at with disgust when Magwich confesses and happily apologizes for stealing food, Joe replies: "Poor, unhappy little man." Magvich also illustrates the symbol of the tragic hero. Throughout most of the book, Pip looks down on Magwitch. Magwich talks about his gratitude to Pip when he helped him many years ago when he was a prisoner. "You did a noble thing, my boy," he said. - Noble Pip! And I've never forgotten that!". He shows why he is a hero when he explains to Pip that he was a benefactor and the one who made him a gentleman and helped him fulfill his great expectations. "Yes, Pip, dear boy, I've made a gentleman of you! I did it!". However, after his death, Pip feels guilty and sad when he finds out what Magwich spent most of his life trying to do. As a result, he shows readers why he was a tragic hero.⁵
One of the characters personifying the symbols of isolation and manipulation is Miss Havisham. For most of her life, she refused to part with her past, continuing to wear a wedding dress and keep a wedding cake. Her dilapidated dress and cake are symbols of how her life has deteriorated. It also depicted the state of Satis' home, where she was isolated from the rest of society. The house is used as a metaphor to show how they have decayed and crumbled over time. Miss Havisham also illustrates the symbol of manipulation. She raised Estelle as a heartless stepdaughter whose main goal was to take revenge on men. This main motivation for revenge stemmed from the fact that she was a rejected lover. Her plan is revealed when she tells Estelle to go play with Pip.
- Well? You can break his heart." As a result, she turned Estelle into a human monster devoid of emotions. Towards the end, Miss Havisham dies a hopeless neurotic.
The only character who is a symbol of the fact that people always want to be someone else, but instead decide that they are better off being who they are, is Pip, the main character of the story. As a boy Pip wanted to be a gentleman. With the unknown help of the prisoner Magvich, Pip's dreams come true. Having reached his condition and lived up to expectations, Pip feels unhappy. "As I got used to my expectations, I began to notice their impact on myself and others." He noticed the negative consequences, as he was in debt due to his lavish spending, and also realized how much he neglected Joe and Biddy, his two best friends as a child. In the end, Pip changes: he becomes a loyal friend to Magwitch in a difficult moment, tries to mend his relationship with Joe and Biddy and goes from almost complete ruin to moderate business success. It also shows how people benefit by giving. The only good fortune of the money he received from his private benefactor Magwitch was that he gave it to Herbert.
There was such a period in England, the Victorian era. This era was called the Victorian Era because at that time it coincided with the reign of Queen Victoria, who was crowned from about 1830 to early 1900. It was a peaceful period, and during this time there were important social changes, as well as rapid economic and technological development. These changes in one aspect are called the Industrial Revolution. The industrial revolution refers to all the radical changes caused by new discoveries in the field of industrial technology and transport. This revolution contains both positive and negative aspects. One of the most serious problems is the increasingly striking difference between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. A lot of ideas are being put forward to solve this problem. The positive aspects of the revolution can be seen in the growth of prosperity and the development of natural sciences, which open up new wonders, for example, electricity, which can be used in the interests of man. The era of Romanticism was a period when literary works were strongly influenced by the French Revolution, in which there were many themes about freedom, equality and fraternity. This leads to the fact that the French Revolution became the starting point for the development of the flow of ideas and objective conditions that existed in Europe at that time, and these three ideals clearly contributed to the emergence of the romantic movement in England. According to Samecto, the romantic movement in England has generated more literary works in the form of poetry. In this study, the researchers intend to study one of the novels, the work of Charles Dickens. Structuralism is the main characteristic of the development of linguistics, where it studies society and culture. Although the idea of structuralism has been criticized for its inflexibility, rigidity and impracticality in terms of form and structure, in fact it is still quite flexible and has many formulations, including social and historical forms.⁶
A common characteristic of the literature of the Victorian period is prose. During this period, many high-quality poems were created. The phenomenon of bourgeois and proletarian society attracted the attention of many writers of that time to reflect in literary works the state of society in the midst of such significant changes. The more advanced science is, the more scientific books about nature and aspects of human life appear. Another important characteristic is that literature in prose and poetry is dedicated to the goal of improving people's morale. Therefore, the novel not only describes life as it is, but also represents what it should be. In the Victorian period, more prose appeared. In addition, they say that prose is the truth, dedicated to a specific purpose. Novels created during the Victorian period are commonly referred to as ‘problem novels'. Since these novels are aimed at improving the morale of society, they are called ’didactic novels'. One of the famous novelists of that period was Charles Dickens.⁷
Charles Dickens is an English writer and social critic. He creates some of the world's most famous fictional characters and is considered by many to be the greatest novelist of the Victorian era Charles Dickens eventually becomes a full-time writer, creating more complex works over an amazing period of time: the most popular novel "Poplar" that he wrote was "Oliver Twist", "Master Humphrey's Clock" and many others.
All the works were published in a monthly format. After that, finally, these literary works began to be printed. In this study, the researchers intend to study one of Dickens' works, namely The Great Expectation. The object of this research is Charles Dickens' novel "Great Hopes", published in 2014. This novel is the story of an orphan named Philip Pirrip, known as Pip, who dreams of becoming a gentleman. His family belongs to the lower social class, and he lives far from the city. When he arrived at Satis House, he met Estella. Estelle insulted him by calling him a redneck. At that moment, Pip began to think about changing his life so that it was on a par with Estelle's life. Until Pip found a donor, he was thinking about Miss Havisham. Changes are taking place in Pip's life. His social status forced him to stay away from his family, and he was ashamed of his social status. Pip becomes arrogant and unfair to his family. Until one day Pip was up to his ears in debt and almost ended up in jail. Joe and Biddy, his family and friend, tried to help him in a difficult moment. Pip finally realizes this and regrets his behavior with Joe and Biddy. This is the layering effect that affects the main character Pip. Each character in the novel "Great Expectations" is classified according to their social class and the influence of social stratification on Pip.
As the examples above show, symbolism plays an important role in Charles Dickens' Great Expectations. Many characters, such as isolation, manipulation, the tragic hero and the desire to be someone else, are present throughout the novel and are brought to life by the characters. People in modern society should understand that a lot of what we do symbolizes something about us and helps explain who we are as people.