O’zbekiston respublikasi oliy va o’rta maxsus ta’lim vazirligi buxoro davlat universiteti viloyat to’xsanova

THE ART OF MAKING KNIVES 
Under the art of making knives, many understand the craft of making 
knives. However, this understanding is deceptive, since knives are made not 
only by folk masters, but also by people who know how to process iron and 
other metals. Knives originally served for people as a means of survival in 
harsh conditions, such as a means of hunting or a means of protection. Knives 
held a special place in the lives of our ancestors. Today, the art of making knives 
occupies a special place among folk arts and crafts. In the manufacture of 
knives among the masters there is no equal to Uzbek masters. During the reign 
of the Temurids, great attention was paid to the art of making knives. At this 
time, knives were made mainly of copper and bronze. After the discovery of 
iron, the art of making knives was a revolution and received a new round of 
development. The development of the art of making knives in contrast to the 
Arab countries and European countries like Spain, Italy and others in Central 
Asia was much earlier. There is a legend that "Damascus steel" was invented by 
Central Asian masters, and spread it in Damascus, where it got its name. 
In XVI century the fabrication knives in many countries Europe, as 
Germany, England, Austria, France other were banned, knives were used 
exclusively in household conditions, i.e. on kitchen. XVIII century there were 
such varieties of knives as "Pakki" (pakki-means small knives, that is, knives of 
small sizes, even such knives are called as women's or pocket). Then there were 
folding pocket folding knives "finki" (Finka - means folding knives that open 
with a slight movement of the hand). From archaeological finds can be to know, 
that on territory Central Asia 2000 years ago until our era on territory afrasiaba, 
varakhshi and Bolalik Tepa, can be to know, that knives were used not only as 
subject household use, but and as subject weapons. This is evidenced by the 
found drawings. In the VI-XII centuries, the art of making knives developed 
rapidly, and there was a question of decorating knives as a symbol of power and 
power. 
In XV-XVIII Centuries there were types of hanging knives on a belt. This 
can be seen in the miniatures made on the basis of the works of the great poets 
of the East Navai and Babur. Later appeared in the East of the school for the 
manufacture of knives. There were schools of Fergana valley, Bukhara, 
Samarkand, Khiva, Kashkadarya. The knives made in these schools were 
distinguished by their beauty, method and style of decoration, technique and 
technology, as well as size and size, place of use and purpose. 
Today in the Republic of Uzbekistan there are about 20 centers of 
production of knives. They differ in the way of manufacture, decoration and 
material. Known as knives, Chust (TUS), Shahrikhon, Postovskii, Kokand and 
Krasovskii knives. 
Types of knives.In the East, in particular Central Asia, knives had a 
symbolic meaning, that is, they were used as an amulet against evil spirits. This 

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belief has remained since the time of Zoroastrianism. For example, "dandon snot 
pichok" - a knife with a serrated handle and "karkesonli pichok" - a knife with a 
serrated blade, such knives were considered sacred and highly valued. Knives 
have been used by people since ancient times, it was considered as a tool of 
labor, hunting and a symbol of prosperity. Initially, knives were made of stone, 
copper and bronze. The knife consists of a blade and a handle. According to the 
structure of the knives, they are divided into three types: a straight knife, an 
almond-shaped knife and a curved knife. 
Straight knife is used from ancient times, has a straight shape. The curved 
knife has a bend of a knife edge back. Still, these knives are called small or short 
swords. Almond-shaped knives have on the reverse side of the blade an arcuate 
shape of 4-5 cm from the tip of the knife. 
URTA semli pichok knife of medium size, one of the varieties of knives. 
Keslik pichok – a knife made specifically for children. Such knives are 
issued at a wedding or a wedding. 
Bola pichok-children's knife. 
Calabazar – a knife with a curved blade, put in the knife handle. 
Mardona pichok-a special knife used for embroidery. 
Sodda pichok-ordinary household knife. 
Guldor pichok-knife with applied patterns, both on the blade and on the 
handle. 
Chilmihgulli pichok-knives in which the handle is attached forty nails, that 
is, "chilmeh" means "forty nails", here with the help of small nails drawn pattern 
on the handle of the knife, hence the name of the knife. 
Rafta pichok – edge knife tochitsya with only one hand, this turning is 
called "Sidera" (kadirga means ) 
Yogoch snot pichok knife with a wooden handle. 
Shohdasta pichok - knives handles, which are made of tree branches, 
mainly mulberry, walnut, guzhum (guzhum - one of the species Of Central 
Asian oaks). 
Dandon snot pichok-handle knives, which are made of ivory. 
UN Uch snot pichok - knives handles, which consist of thirteen sapphires, 
that is, of sapphire stones, such knives were considered as a symbol of power. 
(UN Uch-thirteen).