O‘zbekiston respublikasida ma’muriy protseduralarni takomillashtirish
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15.Нематов Ж. Ўзбекистон Республикасида Маъмурий просидураларни такомиллаштириш.-Тошкент2015
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Sakkizinchi muammo ma’muriy qonunchilik bo‘yicha nazariy asoslarning
yetarli darajada ishlab chiqilmaganligidir. Ta’kidlash joizki, o‘zbek huquqshunos 65 olimlari tomonidan ma’muriy qonunchilikka doir huquqiy nazariyalarni, doktrinalarni ishlab chiqish, ularni qizg‘in muhokama qilish ham yozma adabiyotlarda kam uchraydi. Shuning uchun kelajakda yuqorida keltirilgan huquqiy muammolarni hal qilishga oid, shuningdek, ma’muriy qonunchilik sohasidagi huquqiy tartibga solishni yanada takomillashtirishga oid ilmiy nazariyalar yanada ko‘payishi, rivojlanishiga umid qilamiz. 1.1-ilova AQSh ma’muriy huquqida «legislative rules» (normativ (huquqiy) hujjat) va «nonlegislative rules» (ma’muriy instruksiya)ning farqi hamda «legislative rules» (normativ (huquqiy) hujjat)ga qo‘yiladigan talablar quyidagicha izohlangan. Avvalo, legislative rules va nonlegislative rulesning asosiy farqi ularning huquqiy tabiatida namoyon bo‘ladi. Ya’ni legislative rules yuridik kuchga ega va sud uchun qaror chiqarishda asos bo‘ladi. Shuningdek, legislative rulesga quyidagi talablar qo‘yilgan: 1) qonun bilan ushbu sohada qonunosti akt (legislative rule) qabul qilish topshirilgan (delegatsiya qilingan) bo‘lishi kerak; 2) qabul qilingan legislative rule butun shtatlarga tegishli bo‘lishi lozim; 3) qabul qilingan legislative rulening ijrosini ta’minlash uchun majburlov kuchiga ega bo‘lishi darkor; 4) legislative ruleni qabul qilish ma’muriy organning ma’lum bir maqsadi asosida amalga oshirilishi zarur; 5) legislative ruleni qabul qilish o‘sha sohada vakolatni amalga oshirishning effektiv usuli bo‘lishi kerak; 6) legislative ruleni qabul qilish protsedurasi o‘sha ma’muriy organning organik (tashkiliy-huquqiy) nizomi bilan o‘rnatib qo‘yilgan tartibda yoki ma’muriy protseduralar to‘g‘risidagi qonun. «The relevant distinction between legislative and interpretative or any other nonlegislative rules is not the nature of the questions they address but the authority and intend with which they are issued and the resulting effect on the power of a court to depart from the decision embodied in the rule. More particularly,a rule qualifies as legislative if all of the following requirements are met (1) The agency must possess 66 delegated statutory authority to act with respect to the subject matter of the rule. (2)Promulgation of the rule must be an international exercise of that delegated authority. (3) The agency must also possess delegated statutory authority to make rules with the force of law. (4) Promulgation of the rule must be an intentional exercise of the authority to make rules with the force of law. (5) Promulgation of the rule must be an effective exercise of that authority. (6) The promulgation must observe procedures mandated by the agency’s organic statute and by the APA» (Bernard Schwartz, Roberto L. Corrada Administrative Law: a casebook. Fifth edit. Aspen Publishers. 2001. – P.242). |
