Past perfect (+) s + had + V3 / V ed + c + M s + had + not + V3 / V ed + c + m (?) Had + s + V3 / V ed + c + M?

(-) S + had + not + been + gerund + C + M
(?) Had + S + been + gerund + C + M?
(?) Had + S + not + been + gerund + C + M?
(?) Hadn’t + S + been + gerund + C + M?
Past Perfect Continuous o’tgan zamonda biror-bir vaqtdan oldin boshlanib o’sha vaqtgacha sodir bo’lib kelgan ish-harakatlarni ifodalaydi.
e.g. She had been doing her homework before you came.
We had been doing our duties before the boss arrived.
She had been respecting me before I did a mistake.
We had been playing football till he took injury.
They had not been studying hard till they saw their real result in general exam.

Past Perfect Continuousda ham noncontinuous fellarni ishlatib bo’lmaydi.

Exception!
Wish / want
e.g. I had been wishing to be a doctor till I became a police officer.
She had been wanting to meet Messi till she became fan of Real Madrid.

Past Perfect tenselardan biror-bir ish-harakatni o’tgan zamonda boshqa bir ish-harakatdan oldin sodir bo’lganligiga urg’u berish uchun ishlatiladi.

FUTURE PERFECT
(+) S + will + have + V 3 / V ed + C + M
(-) S + will + not + have + V 3 / V ed + C + M
(?) Will + S + have + V 3 / V ed + C + M
(?) Will + S + not + have + V 3 / V ed + C + M
(?) Won’t + S + have + V 3 / V ed + C + M

Future Perfect zamoni kelajakda ma’lum bir vaqtdan oldin sodir bo’lib bo’ladigan ish-harakatlarni ifodalash uchun ishlatiladi.

e.g. I will have left this course by 2030.
We will have finished science till august.

Future Perfectda ko’pincha vaqtni ko’rsatish uchun by / till / until / before so’zlaridan foydalaniladi.

e.g. Dilshoda will have cleaned her minuses till next lesson
Sarvinoz’s brother will have prepared breakfast till 8.
Nigora will have read 20 pages from the book till lunch.


Till / until / before lardan keyin butun bir gap ham kelishi mumkin. Bu holatda shu gap Present Simpleda bo’lishi shart. Vaqtni ko’rsatishda when dan ham foydalansak bo’ladi.
e.g. We will have left the office before / till / until police come.
Dilafroz will have got ready to the lesson before / until / till she comes to the lesson.
When I wake up, my family members will have come back from work.