Past perfect (+) s + had + V3 / V ed + c + M s + had + not + V3 / V ed + c + m (?) Had + s + V3 / V ed + c + M?

(+) S + need / needs + full inf. + C + M
(+) S + do / does + not + need + full inf. + C + M
(+) Does + S + Need + full inf. + C + M?
(?-) Do / does + S + Need + full inf. + C + M?
(?-) Don’t / doesn’t + S + need +full inf. + C + M?
e.g. She needs to clean the house.
She does not need to clean the house.
Does she need to clean the house?
Does she not need to clean the house?
Doesn’t she need to clean the house?

Need as a modal verb cannot be used in past tense. If we use it in the past tense it means it is ordinary.

S + needed + full inf. + C + M
S + didn’t + need + full inf. + C + M
Did + S + need + full inf. + C + M?
e.g. They needed to come here at 7.
They did not need to come here at 7.
Did they need to come here at 7.


Need not + V = do not need to + V = do not have to + V = it is not necessary to do something
e.g. You needn’t give it in this week.
You don’t need to give it in this week.
You do not have to give it in this week.


SHOULD / OUGHT TO
Should and Ought to are used in order to give advice, recommendations and instructions.
e.g. You should study harder.
She should stop smoking.
Your company should / ought to employ Mrs. Yohan. He is good at this job.
They should / ought to visit Turkey. She is very beautiful.
You should / ought to go straight this street and then you should / ought to turn right.
You should fry carrots before adding potatoes.


Should + not = shouldn’t
Ought to + not = ought + not + to = oughtn’t to
e.g. They should not / shouldn’t play with matches.
We ought not to / oughtn’t to waste our time.


Should + S + bare infinitive?
Ought + S + to + bare infinitive?
e.g. Should we wait if you are late?
Ought we to call you to remind about extra lesson?