Phraseology and Culture in English

 Index 
individual significance (cf. social 
significance), 353, 367, 370 
informal, 28, 30, 109, 250–252, 354, 
361, 367, 439 
informality (cf. formality), 264, 354, 
488
integration (cf. abstraction), 19, 307, 
394, 415, 473 
conceptual, 149, 413, 415–417 
formal, 413, 415 
syntactic, 21, 261 
intensification, 116, 250, 266, 365–
367
intensifier, 240, 391 
interlanguage, 258, 385 
International Corpus of English, 237, 
453, 454, 456 
Australia (ICE_AUS), 237
East Africa (ICE_EA), 456, 465 
Great Britain (ICE_GB), 453, 454 
India (ICE-India), 454 
Jamaica (ICE_JAM), 455, 456 
New Zealand (ICE_NZ), 454, 465 
Philippines 
(ICE_Philippines), 
454, 455 
Singapore (ICE_Singapore), 454, 
455
invariability (cf. variability), 155 
inventiveness (cf. creativity), 252, 375 
Irish English, 258, 438, 443, 448, 489 
isomorphic, 55, 399 
Jamaican English, 455 
jargon, 286, 287, 294, 298, 376, 471 
key term, 186, 188, 190, 480 
key word, 60, 75, 79, 80, 88, 89, 102, 
144, 187, 188, 190, 191, 235, 240, 
243, 248, 250, 252, 303, 307, 400, 
418, 419, 422, 423, 425, 475, 476, 
484, 487, 490 
cultural, 109, 112, 303, 418, 477 
keyness, 191, 419 
kin(ship) term, 361, 379, 393, 402, 
415–417
kinship, 381, 400–402, 405, 425 
concept 
(see concept, kinship) 
model 
(cf. African kinship-based
community model), 400, 402–
406, 422, 426 
schema 
(see schema)
Kriol, 381, 384, 386, 387 
L2 (see Second language) 
Labov, William, 120, 365, 366 
Lakoff, George, 146, 239, 252, 401 
Lancaster-Oslo/Bergen corpus 
(LOB), 258, 303, 305, 306, 311–
313, 316 
language acquisition, 11, 14, 25, 32, 
138, 267, 268, 450, 455, 471, 479, 
491
first, 12, 14, 25, 26, 268 
second, 12, 13, 25, 268 
language-calming, 281, 486 
language change, 13, 276, 278, 356, 
363, 365, 366, 377, 392, 395 
language choice, 367, 368, 370 
language-culture interface, 441, 456, 
472, 487 
language planning, 280 
language-specific, 26, 137–139, 163 
language-specificity, 137–139 
lemma, 310, 311, 419 
levelling, 359, 363, 366, 376 
Levinson, Stephen, 257, 259, 327, 
328, 333, 354 
lexeme, 21, 115, 385, 418, 475, 481, 
489
lexeme-like (see word-like)
lexical, 28, 29, 109, 127, 235, 328, 
377, 413, 417, 418, 441, 449–451 
development, 275, 278, 281, 283, 
285, 289, 291, 299 

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Index
505
extended lexical unit (ELU), 308, 
310
field, 303, 328 
item, 24, 122, 127, 257, 293, 299, 
310, 327, 380, 484 
phrase, 26, 283, 285, 289–293, 
295
unit, 18, 19, 24, 285, 286, 308 
variation 
(see variation, lexical) 
lexicalisation, 426 
lexicalised, 17, 21, 149, 332, 381, 
383, 414, 418 
delexicalised, 124, 126, 127,
129
lexico- 
grammatical, 112, 283, 437–440, 
446, 456, 488, 489 
semantic, 109, 248, 477 
syntactic, 74, 137, 252 
linguistic, 79 
awareness, 369, 370, 481 
demarcation, 353, 357, 368
dissemination, 377, 378 
innovation, 377, 394 
inventiveness, 
375 
thinking, 479, 482, 487 
literal sense, 145, 148, 152, 154, 155, 
157, 163, 164, 166 
loan translation, 161, 205, 208, 209 
loan word, 399, 417 
Locke, John, 60, 61, 64, 71, 475 
London-Lund corpus (LLC), 20, 21, 
325, 334, 335, 337, 340, 342, 343, 
345
loss of dialect features, 364, 366, 367 
mapping, 143, 146–148, 162, 164–
167, 377, 402, 451 
emotion, 
146 
metaphoric/al, 143, 146–148, 163, 
166
metonymic, 
394 
marker 29, 74, 120, 261, 265, 344, 
355–357, 384, 385, 390, 392, 441, 
471, 485 
collocational, 444, 445, 447, 448, 
460
modal, 258, 261, 262, 267, 268 
modality, 257, 258, 261, 267 
of identity, 353, 368, 369 
politeness, 258, 266 
regional, 355, 443 
meaning
emotive, 276, 284 
evaluative, 74, 75, 305, 477 
extension, 277, 284 
figurative, 
162 
idiomatic, 
10 
literal, 6, 10, 19, 23, 82, 143, 154, 
163, 165, 332, 333, 343, 414, 453 
situational, 327, 332 
strategic, 
332 
medium, 323, 324, 327, 329, 345, 
376, 426 
mental lexicon, 149 
mental models, 139, 141, 142, 479 
mentality (cf. world view), 80, 206–
208, 223–225, 228 
metalinguistic, 362, 370, 478, 481, 
486, 487, 489 
metaphor, 143, 144, 146, 147, 162, 
167, 221, 239, 279, 394, 403, 409, 
413, 414, 420, 423, 480, 486 
complex, 146, 147, 167 
conceptual, 143, 377, 409, 413, 
415, 416, 423 
eating, 408–410, 412, 413 
generic-level, 
146 
primary, 
146–148 
specific-level, 
146 
metaphorical, 147, 166, 167, 205, 
218, 239, 277, 311, 381, 393, 402, 
413, 479, 489 
metonymic, 416

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506
 Index 
extension, 141, 166, 414 
relation, 141, 145, 148, 161 
metonymy, 141, 144, 248, 299, 394, 
402, 413, 415, 423 
modal, 257–259, 261, 262, 265, 268, 
461, 484 
auxiliary, 258, 263, 265, 337 
item, 258–264, 266 
marker 
(see marker)