Problems of phonostylistics
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- CHAPTER II. PHONEME STRUCTURE AND RULES OF OPERATION Phoneme structure and rules The accentual structure
Two syllable words
In words of two syllables, if we treat each syllable independently, we can easily work out how to spell and read them. To split words logically into syllables, mark the vowel with a V for vowel and mark the consonants between the vowels with a C for consonant. If there are two consonants, always divide between the consonants as in: vc/cv met/ric Here, the first syllable is closed and therefore has a short vowel sound met. If there is only one consonant between the vowels, we usually divide before the consonant like this: v/cv o/pen The first syllable is open: ‘o’, therefore it has a long vowel sound (ō). Regrettably, there are some exceptions, e.g. ‘robin’, but these tend to be common words, which are either already known or can be learnt as exceptions. Adding suffixes A suffix is a letter, or group of letters added to a base or root word. There are vowel suffixes that start with a vowel, e.g. ing, ed, y, able or consonant suffixes that start with a consonant, e.g. ly ness, ful, ment. The spelling of suffixes never changes.CHAPTER II. PHONEME STRUCTURE AND RULES OF OPERATION Phoneme structure and rules The accentual structure of words has three aspects: the physical (acoustic) nature of word accent; the position of the accent in disyllabic and polysyllabic words; the degrees of word accent. Any word spoken in isolation has at least one prominent syllable. We perceive it as stressed. Stress in the isolated word is termed ws, stress in connected speech is termed sentence stress. Stress indicated by placing a stress mark before the stressed syllable: Stress is defined differently by different authors. Word stress (WS) can be defined as the singling out of one or more syllables in a word, which is accompanied by the change of the force of utterance, pitch of the voice, qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the sound which is usually a vowel. All English words divided into mono- di- poly- syllabic. In most disyllabic words the accent falls on the initial syllable: mother, colour. In disyl word with prefix which has lost its meaning the stress falls on the secjnd syl.: become, begin. In most words of three or four syl the accent falls into third syllable from the end of the word: family, cinema. Most words with more than 4 syl have to stress secondary and primary: intonation, unkind. Types of English word stress according to its degree. primary the strongest secondary the second strongest, partial, weak all the other degrees. The syllables bearing either primary or secondary stress are termed stressed, while syllables with weak stress are called, somewhat inaccurately, unstressed. Download 182.24 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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