S. o r I f j o n o V elektromagnitizm
(21.3) B u n d a n a y la n is h ra d iu s in i to p a m iz : m9x I B '
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- Bu sahifa navigatsiya:
- 22-§. Zaryadli zarraning bir jinsli bo‘lmagan magnit maydondagi harakati
- Savol va m asalalar
- 23-§. Kosmik magnit maydonlar va plazma
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(21.3) B u n d a n a y la n is h ra d iu s in i to p a m iz : m9x I B ' D e m a k m a g n it m a y d o n in d u k siy a si o s h ish i b ila n a y la n is h ra d iu si k ic h r a y a r e k a n . A y la n ish c h a s to ta s in i to p a y lik : 2 k R 2 nm y ’ B u s ik la tro n c h a s to ta — L a r m o r c h a sto ta si d eb n o m la n a d i. M a g n it m a y d o n d a g i z a ry a d li z a rra n in g a y la n is h c h a s to ta s i f a q a t m a g n it m a y d o n in d u k siy a sig a bogM iq e k a n . A g a r m a y d o n b ir jin s li boM sa, u n d a g i b a r c h a e le k tr o n la r b ir xil c h a s to ta b ila n a y la n a r e k a n . A y la n is h b ila n b irg a m a g n it m a y d o n k u c h c h iz iq la ri b o ‘y la b <9ц te z lik b ila n il g a r i la n m a h a r a k a t m a v ju d lig in i h is o b g a o ls a k , tra y e k to riy a s p ira ls im o n b o ‘lish in i k o 'ra m iz . Z a r r a n in g m a g n it m a y d o n d a g i a y la n m a h a r a k a tin i im p u ls m o m e n ti b ila n ta v sifla sh m u m k in : Z ary ad li z a rra a y la n m a h a r a k a tid a a y la n m a to k 1= -e у h o sil q ilad i. Bu to k m a g n it m a y d o n v a u n in g oM chovi b o 'lg a n m a g n it m o m e n t h o sil q ilad i: B u ikki m iq d o r b i tta z a r y a d n in g a y la n m a h a r a k a ti tu fa y li h o s il b o ‘lgani u c h u n , u l a r b ir - b ir ig a m u ta n o s ib d ir : Z a r r a n in g m a g n it v a m e x a n ik m o m e n tla r i o r a s id a g i m u t a n o - s ib lik k o e ffits iy e n ti e/2 m f iz ik a n in g m u h im d o im iy la r id a n h i s o b la n a d i. Z a rra h a r a k a tid a h o sil q ilg a n d o ira n i m a g n it o q im k e sib o ‘ta d i. B u m iq d o r h a m z a r r a n in g m a g n it m o m e n ti b ila n m u ta n o s ib e k a n . H a q iq a ta n , Ф = ( В / Г)1Б = ( В / I)p m, В В В 2 n m 2nm b u y erd a: 7 = — = = - p - - d o im iy s o n , S h u n d a y q ilib , z a ry a d li z a r r a n in g m a g n it m a y d o n d a g i a y la n m a h a r a k a t i u c h fiz ik m iq d o r: L, pm, Ф b ila n ta v s ifla n s a , u la r b ir - b irig a m u ta n o s ib b o M a r e k a n , u la rd a n b in n in g o ‘z g a ris h i b o s h q a - la rin in g h a m o 'z g a ris h ig a o lib k e la r e k a n . M ag n it m o m e n tpm ni hisoblaylik. / = e y v a 5 = n R 2 deb c h a sto ta y v a a y la n is h ra d iu s i R u c h u n (2 1 .3 )— (2 1 .4 ) ifo d a la rn i is h la tib , m a g n it m o m e n t u c h u n q u y id a g i ifo d a n i o la m iz : L = m vx R. (21.5) Pm = l S - ( 2 1 . 6 ) ( 2 1 . 8 ) 22-§. Zaryadli zarraning bir jinsli bo‘lmagan magnit maydondagi harakati M a g n it m a y d o n fa z o d a a s ta - s e k in o ‘z g a - ru v c h i boM sin. A s ta - s e k in d e g a n in in g m a ’n o si — z a r r a tr a y e k t o r i y a s i n in g b i r h a l q a s in in g o M c h a m la rid a m a y d o n n in g fa rq i j u d a k ic h ik boMsin. N o te k is m a y d o n k u ch ch iziq lari p arallel boM m ay, b ir - b ir ig a y a q in la s h ib (y o k i u z o q - la sh ib ) b o ru v c h i c h iz iq la r d a n ib o ra t boM adi. M a g n it k u c h c h iz iq la r in in g b ir-b irig a y a q in - lash u v i — m a y d o n in d u k s iy a s in in g o s h is h in i b ild ira d i. B u n d a y m a y d o n d a h a ra k a tla n u v c h i z a ry a d li z a rra s p ira ls im o n tra y e k to riy a g a eg a boM sada, b u s p ira ln in g ra d iu si m a y d o n g a m o s ra v ish d a o 'z g a r ib b o ra d i ( 2 2 .1 -ra s m ): m a y d o n k u c h li boM gan s o h a g a (2 1 .3 ) f o r m u laga m u v o fiq a y la n ish ra d iu si b o rg a n sari k ic h ra y a d i, a y la n is h c h a s to ta s i e s a (2 1 .4 ) fo rm u la g a m u v o fiq o s h ib b o ra d i. L o re n s k u c h i te z lik k a tik boM gani u c h u n , z a rra n in g toMiq te z lig i, im p u ls i va k in e tik e n e rg iy a si s a q la n is h i y u q o rid a a y tilg a n e d i. B ir jin s li boM m agan m a y d o n d a g i b u n d a y h a r a k a t p a y tid a L, pin, Ф m iq d o r la r h a m s a q la n is h in i k o ‘rsa ta y lik . Z a r r a n in g h a r a k a t te n g la m a s i d v _ p m — = civ x В . d t 4 ( 2 2 . 1 ) s h a k ld a ifo d a la n a d i. N o te k is m a y d o n d a z o ‘q in i m a y d o n n in g s im m e tr iy a o ‘qi b o 'y la b jo y la s h tir a v lik ( 2 2 .2 -ra s m ) . B ir jin s li m a y d o n d a fa q a t Bz ta s h k il e tu v c h i boM adi, b ir jin s li b oM m agan m a y d o n d a q o ‘s h im c h a BR tashkil e tu v c h i h a m p a y d o boM adi. B ir j i n s l i m a y d o n d a z a r r a s p i r a l tra y e k to riy a b o ‘y lab v- d o im iy te z lik b ila n ilg a rila n m a h a r a k a t- l a n a r e d i. N o t e k i s m a y d o n d a in d u k s iy a v e k to rig a tik boM gan L o re n s k u c h i z o ‘q ig a tik boM m ay d i (ra s m g a q a ra n g ) v a z o 'q i b o 'y la b tash k il etu v c h isi Fz p a y d o boM adi. K u c h n in g b u ta s h k il e tu v c h isi z a r y a d n in g is h o ra s i va te z lik n in g y o ‘n a lis h id a n qatM n a z a r m a y d o n in d u k s iy a si k u c h s iz boM gan ta ra fg a y o ‘n a la d i. F2 k u ch t a ’sirid a m a g n it m a y d o n n in g k u ch li s o h a sig a y a q in la - s h a y o tg a n z a r r a n in g ilg a rila n m a h a r a k a t tezlig i vz k a m a y ib b o ra d i v a s h u n g a m o s sp ira l h a lq a la r in in g o ra s i k ic h ra y ib b o ra d i. M a y d o n n in g b iro n n u q ta s ig a b o rib te z lik m o d u li o ‘z g a rm a g a n h o ld a v* n o lg a a y la n a d i, ilg a rila n m a h a r a k a t t o ‘x ta y d i, s o ‘n g ra z a rra o rq a g a h a r a k a tla n a b o s h la y d i. M a y d o n n in g k u c h li s o h a s id a n a k s la n is h h o d isa si ro ‘y b erad i. F2 k u c h n i h is o b la s h g a o ‘ta y lik . M a g n it in d u k siy a va te z lik n i ikki tash kil e tu v ch ig a ajratib : В = Bz + B R, v = vz + v± , h a ra k a t te n g - la m a a s in i k o ‘ch ira y lik : = q { v z * Bz + v z x Bx + v± x Bz + v± x BR}. (22 .2) B u y e rd a v e k to r k o ‘p a y tm a x o s s a la rig a k o ‘ra vz x Bz = 0 . qvL x B. k o ‘p a y tm a a y la n m a h a r a k a tin in g s a b a b c h is i, a y la n a m a rk a z ig a y o 'n a lg a n k u c h n i ta s h k il e ta d i. qvz x B ± k u c h n in g y o 'n a l i s h i z a rra n in g v± tezlig i b ila n m o s k e la d i, n o te k is m a g n it m a y d o n d a g i h a ra k a td a z a rra n in g b u n d a y tezlig in in g o 'z g arish ig a sab a b ch i boMgan k u c h n i ta sh k il e ta d i. B u ikki ( qvL x Bz va qvz x Bx ) k u c h la r y o 'n a - lish jih a td a n ^ o ‘qig a tik te k islik d a y o ta d i. Z a r r a n i n g i l g a r i l a n m a h a r a k a t i n i o 'r g a n i s h m a q s a d i d a t e n g l a m a n i v. v e k to rg a s k a ly a r k o ‘p a y tira y lik . T e n g la m a n in g o ‘n g ta r a f id a fa q a t b ir k o ‘p a y tm a Fz = qvz x BR j = - q v .v x BR q o la d i, u n i n g q i y m a t i n i h i s o b l a s h d a u n d a g i u c h c h a l a v e k t o r o ‘z a r o t i k l i g i h i s o b g a o l i n d i . T e n g l a m a n in g c h a p t o m o n i ( .... 2 A boM ib, te n g la m a q u y id a g i s h a k lg a _ dv dv. d m v, — = mv, — - = — ' dt ' dt dt keladi: / M a y d o n n i n g k o ‘n d a l a n g t a s h k i l e tu v c h is i BR g a ifo d a to p is h u c h u n z o ‘q ig a tik jo y la s h g a n R ra d iu s li v a Az 22.3-rasm. q a lin lik k a eg a boM gan silin d rn i t a s a w u r e ta y lik (2 2 .3 - r a s m ) . M a g n it m a y d o n u z lu k siz boM gani u c h u n s ilin d rg a k iru v c h i va c h iq u v c h i m a g n it o q im la r te n g boM adi: ф B d S = 0, 5 7 t R 2 B z + 2 n R A zB R = n R 2 (Bz + ABZ), b u y e rd a 2 k RA z B r — y o n s ir tid a n ts ilin d rg a k iru v c h i m a g n it induksiya o q im i. B u n d an : R A B , R d B , BR = 2 Az 2 dz (22.4) (2 2 .3 ) d a g i v± te z lik n i a y la n is h d a v ri T o rq a li ifo d a la y lik : = 2 n R / Т U n d a te n g la m a q u y id ag i shaklga keladi: - q v z ■ 2 n R R 5 B 7 T 2 dz d_ dt — 7lR2 T dBT cz dBz ~dt f m v r ~Pn dB, dt (22.5) B o s h q a t o m o n d a n m v2 , / 2 = E - E ± boM ib, b u y e rd a g i z a r r a n in g toMiq en e rg iy a si E m a g n it m a y d o n d a o ‘z g a rm a s m iq d o rd ir. (2 1 .1 0 ) g a m u v o fiq E± = p mB , d e m a k : d_ dt / 2 ^ mv. ( 2 2 . 6 ) (2 2 .5 ) v a (2 2 .6 ) ni so lis h tirib , pm = const d e g a n x u la sa g a k e la m iz . 2 7 -§ d a z a r r a n in g m a g n it m o m e n ti in v a ria n tlig i e le k tr o m a g n it in d u k s iy a q o n u n ig a a s o s la n ib is b o tla n g a n . Z a r r a n in g m a g n it m o m e n ti b ila n b irg a u n g a bogM iq boM gan z a r r a n in g m a g n it m a y d o n d a g i im p u ls m o m e n ti L va za ry ad li z a rra tray e k to riy a sid a g i c h u lg ‘a m la r o rq a li m a g n it o q im Ф h a m s a q la n a d i. D e m a k , m a g n it m a y d o n d a g i z a ry a d li z a rra u c h u n : v = const, p = const, E = const, Pm = E x / В = const, Ф = B S = const, (22.7) L = m vy R = const. B u s a q la n is h q o n u n la r i k o ‘p h o lla r d a z a r r a n in g m a g n it m a y d o n d a g i h a r a k a tin i h a r a k a t te n g la m a s ig a m u r o ja a t e tm a s d a n o q o ‘rg a n is h im k o n in i b e ra d i. M a s a la n pm = Е± / В = const te n g lik k a m u v o fiq z a rra m a y d o n n in g k u c h li s o h a s ig a y a q in la s h ib b o rg a n i sari ( В o s h g a n s a ri), u n in g a y la n m a h a r a k a t e n e rg iy a si Ex h a m o sh ib b o ra d i, d e m a k ilg arilan m a h a ra k a ti sekinlashib b o ra d i va b iro n n u q ta d a E ± = E b o ‘lg a n id a ilg a rila n m a h a r a k a t t o ‘x ta y d i, b u esa z a r r a n in g a k s la n is h n u q ta s id a m a y d o n q a n d a y bo M ish ini to p is h im k o n in i b e ra d i. B u n d a n k e y in z a r r a a y la n m a h a r a k a tin i d a v o m e ttirib , m a y d o n k u c h s iz r o q boM gan s o h a g a q a y ta d i. Z a r r a n in g m a g n it m a y d o n n in g k u c h li s o h a s id a n a k s la n is h i sifa t j i h a t d a n y u q o rid a h a m ta h lil e tilg a n d i. S h u n d a y q ilib , z a r y a d li z a r r a m a g n it m a y d o n n in g k u c h li s o h a s id a n a k s la n a r e k a n . M a g n it m a y d o n n in g b u n d a y x o ss a la rig a a s o s a n g 'o y a t y u q o ri te m p e r a t u r a li ( T = 1 0 4 - 1 0 6 К ) p la z m a n i fa z o d a s iq ib u s h la b tu ru v c h i m a g n it « q o p q o n la r» y a s a la d i (2 2 .4 - ra s m ). P la z m a n in g k a tta q ism i q o p q o n n in g h a jm id a h a ra k a tla n a d i v a s h u h a jm d a u s h la b tu r il a d i, q u r i l m a n i n g m o d d iy d e v o rla ri b ila n t o ‘q n a s h m a y d i. E le k tro n m ik r o s k o p la r d a m a g n it m a y d o n - la m ig b u x o ssasi e le k tr o n la r d a s ta s in i s iq is h u c h u n q o M lan ilad i (2 2 .5 -ra s m ) . May ml M a g n it m a y d o n d a z a ry a d li z a rra m a y d o n k u c h c h iz iq la r in i o ‘ra b tu ru v c h i s p ira l b o 'y la b h a r a k a tla n a d i. M a g n it in d u k s iy a chizigM egri boM sin, e g rilik ra d iu s i R boM sin. Z a r r a n in g h a r a k a ti d a v o m id a u n g a R ra d iu s b o ‘y lab y o 'n a lg a n m a r k a z d a n q o c h ir m a k u c h t a ’sir e ta d i. A y la n m a h a ra k a tla n a y o tg a n z a rra g a t a ’sir e tu v c h i b u k u c h u n in g tra y e k to riy a s ig a t a ’s ir e ta d i, z a rra tra y e k to riy a s i ra s m tek islig ig a tik y o 'n a lis h d a eg rila n a d i. B u n i d re y /h a r a k a ti d eb atala d i. B u n d a y h a ra k a td a y u q o rid a o 'rg a n ilg a n saq lan ish q o n u n la ri b u z ilm a y d i. Savol va m asalalar 22.1. Z aryadli zarran in g bir jinsli m agnit m aydondagi h arak at trayektoriyasi qanday shaklga ega? 22.2. Z aryadli zarra bir jinsli m agnit m aydonda m aydon induksiyasi В ga tik ravishda harakatlanm oqda. Z arra massasi m, zaryadi e, tezligi 9 = 9Z + 3L boMsa, quyidagilarni aniqlang: • zarraning aylanish radiusini; • aylanish davrini; • chastotasini; • trayektoriya qadamini; • im puls m om entini; • m agnit m om entini; • m agnit induksiya oqimini; • bu zarrani akslantira oladigan m aydon induksiyasini. 22.3. Z ary ad li z a rra n in g biijinsli boM magan m ag n it m ay d o n d ag i harakat trayektoriyasi qanday shaklga ega? 22.4. D re y f h arakat deb nim aga aytiladi? 22.4. 200V k u ch lan ish li m ay d o n d a tezla sh g an ele k tro n Y erning 70mkT induksiyalik m agnit m aydonida harakatlanm oqda. Elektron tezligi m aydonga tik deb, elek tro n n in g aylanish radiusini toping. 22.5. Ikki elektron bir jinsli m agnit m aydonda induksiya chiziqlanga tik harakatlanm oqda. Elektronlarning kinetik energiyalari KJK^ nisbatda boMsa, ularning aylanish radiuslari qanday nisbatda boMadi? 22.6. M agnit m aydon BQ boMgan sohada elektro n tezligi vz = 4v± boMsin. Bu elektron m aydon induksiyasi qanday boMgan sohada akslanadi? 23-§. Kosmik magnit maydonlar va plazma T abiatdagi m o d d an in g katta qismi p lazm a shaklida m avjud. P lazm a — m o d d a n in g q is m a n yoki toMiq io n la sh g a n h o latid ir. Y u ld u zlard ag i m o d d a te m p e r a t u r a y u q o ri b o ‘lg an i u c h u n io n la s h g a n h o la td a boMadi. Y u ld u z la ra ro , p la n e ta la ra ro k o sm ik fa z o d a g i m o d d a a s o s a n gaz h o la td a boM adi. Q u y o sh va b o sh q a y u ld u z la rd a n k elg an e le k tro m a g n it n u r la n is h y u tilis h i n a tija s id a b u g a z io n la s h a d i. G a z j u d a s iy ra k boM gani u c h u n re k o m b in a ts iy a — n e y tr a lla n is h ja r a y o n i n ih o y a td a sek in k e c h a d i, n a tija d a k o sm ik g az te m p e r a tu ra s i b a la n d boM m asa h a m io n la sh g a n h o la td a boMadi. T a b ia td a g i p la z m a m a g n it m a y d o n d a h a r a k a tla n a d i. M a g n it m a y d o n n in g m a n b a i p la n e ta la rd a , y u ld u z la r d a b o M ish id a n ta s h - q a r i, g a la k tik a la r d a g i y u ld u z la ra ro fa z o d a h a m , h a tto k i g a la k ti- k a la ra ro b e p o y o n k o s m ik fa z o d a h a m k u c h s iz m a g n it m a y d o n m av ju d lig i isb o tla n g a n . A w a l Y e rn in g m a g n it m a y d o n i h a q id a q is q a c h a m a M u m o tla r b ila n ta n is h a y lik . K o m p a s s tre lk a la ri Y e rn in g m a g n it m a y d o n in i s e z ib , u n in g q u tb la rin i — j a n u b i y q u tb in i (u Y e rn in g s h im o liy q u tb ig a y a q in jo y la s h g a n ) v a s h im o liy q u tb i (u E rn in g ja n u b i y g e o g ra fik q u tb in i y a q in id a jo y la s h g a n ) k o 'rs a ta d i. Y e rs a y y o ra s i u lk a n m a g n it boMib, u n in g m a g n it m a y d o n i k o m p as y o rd a m id a q a d im d a n d e n g iz c h ila rg a b e p o y o n d e n g iz d a t o ‘g ‘ri yoM to p ish g a y o rd a m b erg an . Y e rrn in g m a g n it m a y d o n i ilm iy o ‘rg a n ila b o s h la g a n ig a u c h a s r d a n o s h g a n boM ib, u h a q d a k o ‘p m aM u m o t to p ilg a n . B irin c h i y a q in la s h is h d a b u m a y d o n m a g n it d ip o l (tokli h a lq a ) m a y d o n ig a o ‘x- s h a y d i ( 2 3 .1 -r a s m ). U n i m a g n it q u t b l a r y o ‘n a l i s h i d a g i m a g n i t m o m e n ti v e k to ri b ila n b ila n h a - rak te rlash m u m k in . Y e n n in g m a g n it o ‘qi Y e rn in g a y la n is h o ‘q ig a n is b a ta n 9,5° o g ‘ is h g a eg a . Y e r a y la n a y o tg a n d a u b ila n b irga b u tu n m a g n it m a y d o n i, u n in g m a g n it q u tb la ri h a m a y la n a d i. M a g n it q u tb la r y e rn in g s irtid a b ir jo y d a jo y la s h g a n g a o ‘x sh a sa h a m , u la r asta sek in , y u z yilda 18° tezlik b ila n p la n e ta a tro fid a siljishi sezilgan. Ik k in c h i t o m o n d a n , Y e rn in g m a g n it m a y d o n i v a q t o ‘tish i b ila n k a m a y is h i m a ’lu m boM gan: 20 y ild a ta q r ib a n 1%. B u n d a y h o ld a 2 m in g y ild a Y e rn in g m a g n it m a y d o n i s o 'n ib q o lis h i k erak . T a rix iy iz la n is h la r s h u n i k o 'r s a ta d ik i, u z o q o ‘tm is h d a Y e rn in g m a g n it m a y d o n i s o ‘n ib , te sk a ri y o 'n a lis h d a , y a ’ni q u tb la ri a l- m a s h ib q a y t a v u ju d g a k e lis h i k u z a t i l g a n , b u n d a y g l o b a l h o d i s a l a r 5 0 — 5 0 0 m in g yild a b ir m a rta r o ‘y b erg an ek a n . V u lq o n la rd a n otilib c h iq q a n lava q o tg an id a, u n d a o ‘sh a z a m o n d a g i m a g n it m ay d o n h a q id a ta rix iy m a ’lu m o t q o lib , b iz g a e tib k elg an . Y e rd a b u n d a y h o d is a la r ju d a u z o q d a v rd a b ir m a rta r o ‘y b ersad a, Y e rd ag i h a y o tg a t a ’siri ju d a k u c h li boM ishi m u m k in . U z o q ta rix d a , d in o z a v r la r va b o sh q a k o 'p la b jo n iv o r tu rla rin in g y o ‘q boMib ketishi a y n a n m a g n it q u tb la rin in g alm a sh in ish i b ila n bogM anadi. M a g n it m a y d o n q u tb lari a lm a s h ib v u ju d g a k e lish i k u tils a h a m , k o 'p y illa r d a v o m id a u n in g q iy m a ti j u d a k ic h ik boM ib, m a y d o n Y e rn i Q u y o s h ra d ia ts iy a s id a n b ek itib tu ro lm a y d i. Q u y o s h d a esa m a g n it m a y d o n q u tb la r in in g a l m a s h in is h i n is b a ta n te z , o ‘rta c h a 29 k u n d a b ir m a rta r o ‘y b e r a r e k a n . Y e rn in g m a g n it m a y d o n i m a n b a s i n im a d a ? D a stla b m a g n it m a y d o n Y e rn in g fe rro m a g n it y a d ro si b ila n tu s h u n tir ilg a n . H a q i- q a ta n , p la n e ta m iz qobigM da te m i r m o d d a s i k o ‘p boM ib, u n in g y a d ro si a s o s a n te m ir va n ik e ld a n ib o ra t d e b h is o b la n a d i. L e k in c h u q u r lik o s h g a n sari te m p e r a tu r a o sh ib b o ra d i, 1 0 0 — 2 0 0 k ilo - m e tr c h u q u r lik d a y o q te m p e r a tu r a 1300 К g a e tib , K y u ri h a r o r a - 23.2-rasm. tid a n o sh ib k e ta d i, b u n d a y s h a r o it- d a k u c h li f e r r o m a g n i t x o s s a l a r y o ‘q o l i b , m a g n i t m a y d o n n i n g k u z a tila d ig a n q iy m a tla rin i tu s h u n - tirib boM m aydi. Z a m o n a v iy ta sa v - v u rla rg a k o ‘ra Y e rn in g m e ta ll y a d - ro s id a a y la n m a e le k tr to k la r o q ib , p la n e ta m a g n it m a y d o n in i y aratad i. S u y u q y a d ro b ila n ta s h q i m a n tiy a - n in g a y la n ish id a g i k ic h ik ta fo v u t ( b ir s u tk a d a 0 . 1 2 j ) , su y u q y a d r o - d ag i tu r b u le n t h a r a k a tla r e le k tr to k l a r v a m a g n it m a y d o n n i s o ‘n ib q o lm a s d a n , e n e rg iy a o lib tu ris h in i t a ’m i n la r e k a n . Y e r s ir t id a m a g n i t m a y d o n in d u k s iy a s i B r a z iliy a d a e n g k i c h i k q i y m a tg a e g a boM ib, 2 4 m k T , s h im o liy m a g n it q u t b d a ( A n ta rk tid a ) m a k s im a l 6 8 m k T n i ta s h k il e ta d i, y e r s irtig a b u rc h a k o stid a y o ‘nalgan. M a g n it m a y d o n n in g ta s h q i q ism i m a g n ito s fe r a d e b a ta la d i v a p la n e ta s irtid a n 10-12 Y e r ra d iu sig a te n g m aso fag a c h o ‘zilgan (2 3 .2 - ra sm ). M a g n ito s fe ra Y e rn in g a tm o s fe ra s id a n ta sh q a rig a c h iq ib , o ‘n m in g la b kilom etrga d av o m etad i. B u n d a n n arid a Q u y o sh n in g m a g n it m a y d o n i k u za tilad i. M a g n ito s f e r a n in g a s o s iy q is m i k o s m ik v a k u u m s h a r o itid a m av ju d b o ‘lib, u yerd ag i k a tta te z lik k a e g a boMgan zary ad li z a rra la r — k o s m ik p la z m a e le m e n tla r i m a g n it m a y d o n k u c h c h iz iq la r i b o ‘y la b s p ir a ls im o n tr a y e k to r iy a la r h o s il q ilib h a r a k a t l a n a d i. B u n d a y h a r a k a t L o re n s k u c h i b ila n tu s h u n tir ilib , a w a lg i boM im da b a ta fs il o 'r g a n ilg a n e d i. Y e rn in g m a g n ito s fe r a s id a e le k tr o n la r , p ro to n la r, k a m ro q m iq d o rd a a lfa - v a b o s h q a z a rra la r h a ra k a tla n a d i. M a g n it e k v a to ri s o h a s id a m a g n it in d u k s iy a k ic h ik r o q boM ib, s p ira ls im o n tr a y e k to riy a la rn in g ra d iu s i v a q a d a m i k a tta boM adi, m a g n it q u tb larg a y a q in la s h g a n d a tra y e k to riy a n in g radiusi va q a d a m i k ic h ra y ib b o ra d i, n ih o y a t z a r r a n in g te z lig ig a bogM iq m a y d o n n in g b ir o n c h e g a ra s id a z a r r a n in g a k s la n is h i r o ‘y b e rib , u o rq a g a h a r a - k a tla n a b o sh lay d i. S h u n d a y q ilib m a g n ito s fe r a z a rra la ri ikki m a g n it q u tb o ra s id a h a r a k a tla n a d i, b u s a y o h a t u c h u n b ir s e k u n d h a m y e ta rli boM adi. Z a r r a la r o ‘z h a r a k a ti p a y tid a e le k tr o m a g n it n u r la n is h c h iq a r ib , e n e rg iy a s i k a m a y ib b o r a d i, le k in b u n u r la n is h e n e rg iy a si Y e r m a g n ito s fe ra s id a g i z a r r a la r u c h u n j u d a k ic h ik boM adi. Z a ry a d li z a r r a la r m a g n it q u tb la rg a y a q in la s h g a n d a Y e rn in g s irtig a n is b a ta n y a q in la s h a d i, a tm o s f e r a n in g s iy ra k y u q o ri q a tla m la rid a g i a to m la r b ila n t o ‘q n a s h ib , u la rn i io n la s h tir a d i. I o n la r n e y tra lla sh ib (r e k o m - b in a ts iy a la s h ib ), n u r c h iq a r a d i. K o s m ik fa z o d a y u z - m in g k ilo m e tr b a la n d lik d a v u ju d g a k e la d ig a n b u n d a y n u rla n is h Download 48 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: 
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