Schumpeter finalll
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- Statement of Theory : According to Schumpeter innova:ons the structure of an economy are source of economic fluctua:on
SCHUMPETER’S THEORY OF TRADE CYCLE Introduc:on: Trade cycles are the outcome of economic development in a capitalist society. Theory of trade cycles is associated with his name Statement of Theory : According to Schumpeter innova:ons the structure of an economy are source of economic fluctua:on Schumpeter approach – 1)ini:al impact of innova:on, reac:ons to the original impact of innova:on Explana:on of the theory: economic system in equilibrium fully employed, costs equal its receipt, product prices are equal to both average and marginal cost An innova:on may consist of – Int-n of a new product, Int-n of a new method of produc:on, the opening of a new market, development of a new sources of raw material or saving manufacture goods, the carrying out of the new organisa:on of an industry Diagramma:cally explana:on Cri:cism of the theory: 1)Innovator not necessary for innova:on. 2)innova:ons not the only Cause of Cycles. 3)Bank credit not only sources of funds- shares debentures loans of other ins:tu:ons. 4)Innova:on financed through voluntary savings and internal funds does not produce a cycle. 5)fully employment assump:on is unrealis:c DIRECT TAXES; Meaning : A direct tax is one which has impact on incidents on the same person and is not intendend to be shi\ed Merits of DT: Comparison is always made difference btw Dt and IDT. There certain merits of DT-- 1.Simple-DT are simple and easy to understand. 2.Economical- DT are economical in the sense that the cost of collec:on is minimum. 3.Civic consciousness- DT always help in crea:ng in civic consciousness among the ci:zens of the country. Every tax payer directly feels a pinch of public expenditure.. 4.Equitable- tax burden should be equally distributed. It means tax burden should be higher on the rich and lower on the poor. 5.Certain- DT sa:sfy the canon of the certainty. The tax is certain as to the :me and manner of the payment and the amount Download 2.34 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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