Neologisms (or coinages) appear when there is the need to express new ideas and notions. They are produced in accordance with the existing word-building models of the English language, mainly due to affixation, word compounding (blending) etc. Let's see the following words which arc formed with the help of affixes: "a beatnik" is "one of the beat generations" meaning "young people who adopted unconventional dress, manners, and habits as a means of self-expression and social protest". From the expression "me first" there is formed such a neologism as "mefirstism", from "Do it yourself" there is formed the following neologism" "do-it—yourself.Of course such words are coined to suit one particular occasion. They are not registered in dictionaries.
Another wide spread group of coinages is formed with prepositions in postposition: sit-in, teach-in, and ride-in.
This very short illustration of neologisms and coinages shows the emotive meaning of such words. When they are used in the written text they produce special stylistic effect. Their function may be different: to produce a humorous effect, to make distinct the additional meaning etc.:
Some were naked and carrying their clothes: others half-naked or more-or-less dressed, in school uniforms, grey, blue, fawn, jacketed or jerseyed. (W. G.)
In the text the verbs "jacketed" and "jerseyed" are coined due to conversion which is a productive way of enriching English vocabulary.
Чатишмаларваянгисўзлар. Янги тушунчаларни ифода этиш зарурати туфайли янги сўзлар пайдо бўлади. Уларасосан аффикс ва суффикслар ҳамда сўзларнинг ўзаро қўшилиши усули билан вужудга келади. Масалан, чангютарсўзи янги сўзлар қаторига кириб, бу сўз от ва феълнинг қўшилишидан ясалган.
Янги сўзларга меҳнатобод, шарафобод, бахтнома, севинчбахш, зафирбахш, сафобахш, ердош, ёддош, қадамдош, қайғудош, елкадош; ғазалий, дунёвий, шахоний, нилий, самовий, ҳилолий; истин, боғистон, нуристон кабиларни мисол қилиб келтириш мумкин.
Чатишма ва янги сўзларнинг пайдо бўлишида ёзувчи ва шоирларнинг ҳиссалари ҳам бор. Масалан, урушталаб, инсонозод, ошхўрчилик ва бошқалар шулар жумласидандир.
Ҳозирги ўзбек тилида рус ва бошқа тиллар таъсирида тузилган: қизил майдон, ер йўлдоши, болалар майдончаси, маиший хизмат уйи каби янги сўз бирикмаларига дуч келиш мумкин.
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