Task – ‘Open-source’ task. Theory – 10 point task – a ‘Open-source’ task. Find/identify main postulates of given great thinker/scholar [from Martin Griffiths

Hans Morgenthau
Hans Morgenthau was a German-American political scientist and international relations scholar. The main postulates of Morgenthau are:

1. 
   Realism: Morgenthau is considered one of the founding fathers of Realism in international relations. He believed that the pursuit of power was the main driver of international relations and that states were motivated by self-interest and security considerations.
   
2. 
   National Interest: Morgenthau believed that states pursue their national interest, which he defined as the pursuit of power and security. He argued that states act in their own self-interest and that their behavior is shaped by their pursuit of national interest.
   
3. 
   Power politics: Morgenthau believed that international relations was shaped by power politics, or the struggle for power and influence between states. He saw power politics as a necessary component of international relations, but also warned against the dangers of excessive pursuit of power.
   

Illustration of events/cases in IR:

1. 
   The Cold War: The Cold War was an example of Morgenthau's realist perspective. He saw the conflict between the US and the Soviet Union as a struggle for power and influence, driven by each side's pursuit of national interest.
   
2. 
   The Gulf War: The Gulf War is an example of Morgenthau's belief in power politics. The war was driven by the pursuit of power and influence by various states in the region, and was shaped by the balance of power between those states.
   
3. 
   The Cuban Missile Crisis: The Cuban Missile Crisis is an example of Morgenthau's warning against the dangers of excessive pursuit of power. He saw the crisis as a dangerous confrontation between the US and the Soviet Union, driven by each side's pursuit of national interest, and warned that excessive pursuit of power could lead to conflict and instability in the international system.
   

Susan strange
Susan Strange was a British international relations scholar who is best known for her work on international political economy. The main postulates of Strange are:

1. 
   International Political Economy: Strange is known for her pioneering work in the field of international political economy. She believed that the economic and political realms were interdependent and that the economic sphere played a significant role in shaping international relations.
   
2. 
   Structural Power: Strange argued that states, as well as other actors such as international organizations and transnational corporations, have structural power, or the ability to shape the rules and norms of the international system. She believed that structural power is a key determinant of state behavior and that it plays a major role in shaping the international political economy.
   
3. 
   Market Failure: Strange argued that markets are inherently unstable and prone to failure, and that state intervention is necessary to regulate and stabilize the international economy. She believed that market failure was a major driver of international political conflict and that the regulation of markets was essential to international stability.
   

Illustration of events/cases in IR:

1. 
   The Global Financial Crisis of 2008: The Global Financial Crisis of 2008 is an example of Strange's work on market failure and the role of state intervention in the international economy. She saw the crisis as a failure of markets to regulate themselves and as evidence of the need for state intervention to regulate the international economy and prevent similar crises in the future.
   
2. 
   The European Union: The European Union is an example of Strange's work on structural power and the role of international organizations in shaping the international system. She saw the EU as a key actor in the international political economy and believed that it had significant structural power to shape the rules and norms of the international system.
   
3. 
   The World Trade Organization: The World Trade Organization is an example of Strange's work on international political economy and the role of international organizations in shaping the international system. She saw the WTO as a key player in the regulation of international trade and believed that it had significant structural power to shape the rules and norms of the international economy.