The Present simple tense

Maxsus so’roq gap. (m.s.g)
Bular to’la javob talab etadi. U who, whose, what, were, which, whom, why, kind of, how many, how much bilan boshlanadi. Ular quyidagicha yasaladi.
m.s.g, egasiga yoki aniqlovhisiga qo’yilganda ular o’rniga who, what so’roq so’zlar qo’yiladi
u.s.g. Does she work in the garden every day?
m.s.g. Who works in the garden everyday?
M.s.g. boshqa gap bo’laklariga qo’yilganda tegishli so’roq so’z umumiy so’roq gap oldiga qo’yiladi.
Yesterday I read an interesting book.
U.s.g. did I read an interesting book yesterday.
Ega: Who read an interesting kook yesterday? Kesimga: What did you do yesterday?
To’ldiruvchini: what did I read yesterday? Aniqlovchi: what kind of book did read yesterday?
Xolga: when did I read an interesting book?
Tanlov so’roq gap (t.s.g.).
Bular 2 qismdan iborat. 1.Umuumiy so’roq gap tanlov harakteriga ega bo’lgan so’z bo’ladi. Bu qismda tanlov harakteriga ega so’z o’rnida not qo’llanishi mumkin. Qismlar o’rtasida or ayruv bog’lovchisi keladi. I am a doctor/ am I a doctor or a teacher.
Yordamchi fe’llarni qisqa javob gaplarda ishlatilishi.
So (am) I, neither (am) I men ham.
Bildirilgan fikrga rozi bo’lib men ham deyishda so va neither dan foydalanamiz. Agar bildirilgan fikr bo’lishli gap bo’lsa uni fikriga qo’shilganda so dan foydalanamiz.
Shu bildirilgan fikrda qaysi yordamchi modal fe’l bo’lsa so va eganing o’sha yordamchi yoki modal fe’lidan foydalanamiz.

So + yordamchi fe’l, modal+ S

A: I can speak English
B: So can I = (I can too)
A: We shall go there tomorrow.
B: So shall I (we)
Agar bildirilgan fikrda hech qanday yordamchi va modal fe’l kelmasdan mustaqil fe’l kelsa u holda gapning zamoni aniqlanadi va o’sha zamonni so’roq inkorini yasovchi yordamchi fe’l topiladi va o’sha fe’l ishlatiladi.
A: He lives in Kiev?
B:So do I yoki So does she
A: He has a good book.
B: So have I = So do I (testda ko’proq shu olinadi)
Agar bildirilgan fikr inkor gap bo’lsa neither dan foydalanamiz.
A: I can’t speak French
B: Neither can I
A: We shall not go there tomorrow
B: Neither shall we
Quyidagi so’zlar neither talab qiladi: rarely, never, seldom, hardly, scarcely, barely, refuse.
A: I have never gone to London.
B: neither have I .
Neither = nor
Neither = … not … either

Tag question. Tasdiq so’roq gaplar.

Tasdiq so’roq gap deb biror darak yoki inkor gapni bildirib undan so’ng shundaymi yoki shunday emasmi deb tasdiqlash orqali yasalgan so’roq gaplarga aytiladi.
Bularda darak yoki inkor gapni bildirib undan so’ng shundaymi yoki shunday emasmi deb tasdiqlash orqali yasalgan so’roq gaplarga aytiladi.
1. Agar bildirilgan fikr darak gap bo’lsa tasdig’i bo’lishsiz, so’rog’I bo’lishli bo’ladi.
+ , - ? … +
They invited Tom to the party, didn’t they? Yes, they did.
He is a good boy, isn’t he? Yes he is
2.Bildirilgan fikr bo’lishsiz bo’lsa, tasdig’i bo’lishli javobi bo’lishsiz bo’ladi.
- , + ? -
She doesn’t like English, does she ? No she doesn’t
We shall not go to the cinema, shall we? No we shall not
3. Bildirilgan fikr taklif gap bo’lib let’s bilan boshlangan bo’lsa uni tasdig’i shall we? bo’ladi.
Lets go out, shall we? Yes, we shall.
4. Bildirilgan fikr buyruq gap bo’lsa uninig tasdig’i har doim will you bo’ladi.
Don’t be late, will you? Open the door,will you?
5. Bildirilgan fikr I am bilan boshlansa uning tasdig’i aren’t yoki am I not bo’ladi.
I am a good boy,aren’t I?(am I not)

QUESTIONS

1.Hozirgi zamonda asosan so’roq gaplar do, does bilan yasaladi. Do you like music?

O’tgan zamondagi so’roq gaplar asosan did bilan yasaladi.
When did they get married?
Lekin who, what, which ishtirokidagi so’roq gaplar ikki xil yo’l bilan yasaladi. Agar bular gapda to’ldiruvchi bo’lb kelsa undan keyin zamon shaxsga qarab do, does, did ishlatiladi. Who is the subjet

Someone

Ohun telephoned

Object who to’ldiruvch bu yerda

who

did Ohun telephone.
Lekin who gapda ega bo’lsa do, does, did kelmaydi kesim zamon va shaxsga qarab moslashadi.
Someone telphoned Ann