The Syllable in English and Arabic: a contrastive Study
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746 رتمؤلما عئاقو ينلعلا لولاا وولعلل ةيىاشىلاا يضاترفلاا ةعمالجا /ةيساسلاا ةيبترلا ةيلك / ٌواعتلابو ةيرصيتشلما عم ةعماج /ةيساسلاا ةيبترلا ةيلك راق يذ 02 - 02 ٌاريزح 0202 و ( راعش تتح ًكنتيل..... هلعتى ) رتمؤلما عئاقو ينلعلا لولاا وولعلل ةيىاشىلاا يضاترفلاا / ةيرصيتشلما ةعمالجا /ةيساسلاا ةيبترلا ةيلك عم ٌواعتلابو ةعماج /ةيساسلاا ةيبترلا ةيلك راق يذ 02 - 02 زح ٌاري 0202 خيراتب 61 / 4 / 0202 ةيساسلاا ةيبترلا ةيلك ةلمج ةيرصيتشلما ةعمالجا different types depending on the sequence of consonants and vowels with the postulate-similar to that of English-that consonants occupy the bases of the syllable whereas vowels occupy the peak position. 4. In English, syllables are phonetically described as consisting of a centre, which has little or no obstruction to airflow, preceded and followed by great obstruction, while in Arabic, syllables are phonetically described as chest pulses. 5. In English, the syllable is phonologically a complex unit made up of a nucleus and marginal elements. In Arabic, the syllable is perceived as a unit per language, i.e., each language has its own sequences of consonants and vowels besides other features like length, stress, and intonation. 6. Arabic has two kinds of syllables: open syllables (CV) and (CVV) and closed syllables (CVC), (CVVC) and (CVCC). Every syllable begins with a consonant or else a consonant is borrowed from a preceding word through elision – especially in the case of the definite article 'al' (the) (used when starting an utterance) or 'l' (when following a word), e.g., baytu-l mudiir تيت ريدملا“ house ( of) the director” , which becomes bay-tul – mu –diir when divided syllabically. In English, by contrast, a syllable may begin with a vowel, as in "east" /i:st/ or it may consist of a vowel alone, as in "are" /a:/. 7. In Arabic, no syllable may start with a consonant cluster (two or more consonants). Conversely, in English, a syllable may begin with one, two, or three consonants as in "say" /sei/, "play" /plei/, and "street" /stri:t/. 8. Arabic syllable patterns are more limited than English ones because of the constraints on consonant clusters. Whereas English allows syllable-initial clusters of up to three consonants and syllable-final clusters of up to four consonants, Arabic, by contrast, allows no syllable-initial clusters but only allows syllable-medial and final clusters of up to two consonants. Moreover, in English a vowel by itself can form a syllable as in the words "are" and "err". In this area English is more explicit than Arabic 9. The following syllable types are admissible in Arabic: CV as in 'bi' (with), CVV as in 'يف ' 'fii' (in), CVC as in 'بأ' 'ab' (father), CVVC as in ليف 'fiil' (elephant), CVCC as in 'رهن' (river), and CVVCC as in 'داج' 'jaadd' (serious). The last type is rare and must contain long /aa/ followed by a geminate cluster, while the permissible patterns in English are as follows: V as in 'are', CV as in 'saw', VC as in 'up', CVC as in 'cat', CCV as in 'play', VCC as in 'apt', CCVC as in 'stop', CCVCC as in 'plant', CCCV as in 'stray', CCCVCC as in 'strand', CCCVCCC as in 'scripts', CVCCC as in 'texts'. Accordingly, |
