Towards a General Theory of Translational Action : Skopos Theory Explained
Intertextual coherence (fidelity)
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Towards a General Theory of Translational Action Skopos Theory Explained by Katharina Reiss, Hans J Vermeer (z-lib.org) (2)
6.3 Intertextual coherence (fidelity)
The following is a general theoretical outline of the relationship between the source and target texts in translation. ‘Imitation’ ( 3.9.2.) is a specific form of fidelity. In a translational action as a specific form of transfer, particularly a transfer which imitates a source text, there is a second aim, along with the coherence-for-the-recipient (intratextual coherence, 6.2.) described above, i.e. coherence between the source and the target texts (intertextual coherence). This type of coherence is determined by the translator’s understanding of the source text (after consulting the source-text producer, if necessary) and by the skopos governing the translatum. This is the traditional ‘objective correctness’, although we have re- interpreted it fundamentally. ‘Correctness’ could at best be introduced as a term with a teleological function. With her theory of the relationship between text type and translation method, Reiß ([1971]2000 and 1976a) went beyond the traditional approach. In our theory, the teleological function of ‘correctness’ is governed by the translatum’s skopos. Fidelity rule: a translational action aims for the coherent transfer of a source text. That is: (1) the message encoded by the producer in the source text as received by the translator, (2) the message as interpreted by the translator as recipient of this message, and (3) the message encoded by the translator as (re-)producer for the target recipient all have to be coherent with one another. This intertextual coherence is secondary to the intratextual coherence of Katharina Reiß and Hans J. Vermeer 103 the translatum. First of all, a translatum must be comprehensible (coherent) as a text; only a comprehensible text can be analysed with regard to the cir- cumstances in which it was produced and which, of course, do not include formal extratextual conditions, as in the following example. For example: although their inscriptions have not been decoded to date, the seals of the Indus Valley Civilizations can be examined with regard to their extralinguistic (physical and anthropological) characteristics. An incomprehensible translatum cannot be analysed as a ‘text’, although it could be analysed as a set of signs. It is important to bear in mind that target recipients would not (normally) compare the target text with the source text. They would receive the translatum as an independent piece of work. The concepts of fidelity and (intratextual) coherence may be explained by means of the concept of ‘mapping’. In a translational action, the skopos rule provides the (intended) function of the translatum. This serves as a direction to map hierarchically ordered sets of sets in a source text onto a target text as translatum in such a way that it serves the intended function. It is obvious that in this process the translatum is not biuniquely reversible. The theory of a text as an information offer ( 3.) explains that a change of skopos does not violate the fidelity rule but takes precedence over it. The aim is not to pass on a skopos but to offer information about a text-as-action under different circumstances. Within this coherence framework, the rules of precedence are culture- specific (e.g. the rule that metrical verses must rhyme). Download 1.78 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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