Towards a General Theory of Translational Action : Skopos Theory Explained
Particularly in interpreting, there may even be occasions when a
Download 1.78 Mb. Pdf ko'rish
|
Towards a General Theory of Translational Action Skopos Theory Explained by Katharina Reiss, Hans J Vermeer (z-lib.org) (2)
- Bu sahifa navigatsiya:
- 3.5 Another short note on terminology
- 3.5.1 Information
Particularly in interpreting, there may even be occasions when a communication should not be passed on: an aside not intended for the target recipient, an expression of impatience that might put the entire negotiation at risk, an ‘untranslatable’ pun, etc. The interpreter should also take into account the differences with regard to culture-specific background knowledge between the source-culture and target-culture communication partners and explicitate or implicitate information, where necessary. Persons who are not familiar with the foreign culture often feel irritated when they are told something they think they know already. In all of these cases, a transcoding theory is inadequate. Interpreters are also more than a ‘medium’ or relay station. They participate in the communi- cative interaction, they gather information and they pass it on (cf. Gadamer �1960��2004: 307; 3.3. (3)). 3.5 Another short note on terminology The examples discussed above lead us to a conclusion which is methodologi- cally unsatisfactory or at least vague. It has been shown that attempts to expand a theory of translation (cf. Neubert, House and Diller and Kornelius) have not been very successful to date: we have looked at five examples representing five types of translational action. However, we have already given some hints where to look for a general theory. The concept of ‘information’ seems useful for our search. But before we can move on to this subject, we have to clarify some concepts. 3.5.1 Information There were instances where translation was not the extension of a commu- nication using another code but, rather, it was a new communication about a previous communication. In such cases, the term ‘information’ covered the functions of the new communication ( 3.4., Example 3). The new commu- nication ‘informs’ about certain aspects of the first, e.g. its sense or effect. A Katharina Reiß and Hans J. Vermeer 61 second communication could also inform about formal aspects of the first, e.g. when hexameters are translated by hexameters. In order to describe the function of the second communication more ex- actly, it would be better to not simply refer to it as ‘communication’ because this would include certain forms which we shall distinguish from ‘transla- tion’ below ( 3.7.). We shall show, however, how the term ‘information’ can already imply references to certain translation strategies and, above all, translation conditions ( 3.8.). This is why we shall not adopt Pätsch’s (1955: 35) suggestion that we subsume all the language functions, combined by Bühler (�1934��1990: 35) in his “organon model”, under the generic term of “communicative function”. Kainz (1941: 28) proposed “information” instead of Bühler’s “representa- tion”, which we regard as an appropriate term for the primary function. ‘Information’, as we see it, implies an intention on the part of the producer, which is not included per se in ‘communication’. Even an unintentional ges- ture (e.g. a tic) may be interpreted as ‘communicative’ if it triggers a (verbal) interaction or reaction on the part of the recipient (Stop this! Can’t you stop this?!). Such a tic would not be ‘informative’ as it may be assumed that the communication partner knows it and can predict it. ‘Communication’ as a verbal process may be considered an element or type of ‘interaction’ (which is also non-verbal). Translation is always a non-verbal cultural transfer process which goes beyond the verbal transfer. ‘Information’ can be both verbal and non-verbal. To sum up, we would like to propose that translation be defined as information about information. (We shall have to explain this, of course. 3.7.) More specifically, translation could be described as an offer of informa tion (or information offer, IO) about an offer of information. For an important amendment, see 3.7. Download 1.78 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
Ma'lumotlar bazasi mualliflik huquqi bilan himoyalangan ©fayllar.org 2025
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling