Zamon shakllari

Just Endigina, hozirgina
I have just phoned Jill. – Men hozirgina Jilga telefon qildim.
Always Har doim, doimo	She has always loved animals. – U doimo hayvonlarni yoqtirib kelgan.
Ever Hech, biror marta, qachondir	Have you ever been abroad? – Biror marta chet elda bo’lganmisan?
Never Hech qachon	She has never been to France. – U hech qachon Fransiyada bo’lmagan.
So far Shu paytgacha	I have sent twenty invitations so far. – Shu paytgacha 20 ta taklifnoma jo’natdim. What have you done so far? – Shu paytgacha nima qilding?

Have gone (to) / Have been (to) Have gone (to) - …ga ketdi – biror joyga ketib, hali qaytib kelmagan.
They have gone to the theatre. – Ular teatrga ketdi. (hali qaytib kelishmadi)

Have been (to) - …ga borib kelgan, …da bo’lgan – biror joyga borib yana qaytib kelgan.

12
He has been to Japan. – U Yaponiyaga borgan/bo’lib kelgan. (Yaponiyaga borib yana qaytib kelgan)

Tip: Ushbu qoidada “to” predlogi qavs ichida berilganligiga e’tibor qaratish lozim. Bu “to” predlogining ayrim hollarda ishlatilishi, ayrim hollarda ishlatilmasligini bildiradi. Agar qayerga ketganligi/borib kelganligi aytilmasa yoki “there” (o’sha yerda/ga), “here” (bu yerda), “somewhere/ anywehere/ everywhere” kabi ravishlar (adverbs of place) bilan yoki “home” so’zi bilan ifodalansa, u holda “to” predlogi ishlatilmaydi.

Where have you been? – Qayerga borib kelding? (qayergaligi ko’rsatilmagan, shuning uchun “to” ishlatilmaydi.)

I have been there twice before. – Men ilgari u yerda ikki marta bo’lganman.

She has gone home. – U uyiga ketdi.

Jane is in France now. She has gone there to visit his parents. – Jeyn hozir Fransiyada. U u yerga ota-onasini ko’rgani ketdi.

IN OTHER WORDS
Quyidagi misollarga ifodalaydi. Har ikkal 1. I’ve never had suc ever It’s the 2. She started collect been She has b 3. They haven’t finish still They are 4. I’ve never ridden a first It’s the fi