U.S History Subject Test
153
ARCO
■
SAT II Subject Tests
w w w . p e t e r s o n s . c o m / a r c o
84. The correct answer is (B). After the Civil War, blacks along with whites were free to enter employ-
ment
contracts, but landowners had no money to pay wages. So there developed the sharecropping
system under which a farmer would work land owned by another, often using seeds, mules,
and tools
provided by the owner, and pay rent in the form of a share of the crop.
85. The correct answer is (B). Inflation, a continual increase in the general price level, erodes the pur-
chasing
price of the dollar, that is, it is necessary to pay more for the same goods or services. Retired
people often live on fixed incomes; the income from savings or pensions does not increase even
though prices do. People still in the work force can usually count on
some kind of cost-of-living
adjustment: as prices rise so do wages and salaries. In addition, owning a home is usually a good
hedge against inflation. Though property values sometimes decline in a specific area for a short time,
nationwide
and over the long run, the price of property continues to rise.
86. The correct answer is (A). William Henry Harrison died of pneumonia on April 4, 1841, shortly
after assuming office.
87. The correct answer is (A). Started in 1817 and completed in 1825, the Erie Canal provides a water
route from New York City,
with its deep water harbor, to Buffalo on Lake Erie. In 1817, it had cost
almost 20 cents per ton per mile to ship freight overland, and in 1850 the cost per ton per mile to ship
freight via the canal was less than one cent.
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